毒蜂蜇伤致多器官功能障碍综合征18例急救护理体会

蜂蜇伤是一种生物性损伤,是蜂尾部毒刺蜇伤人体皮肤后注人毒素而引起的局部或全身反应,是临床急症之一,秋季较为常见。毒蜂的毒素成分复杂、多样,重症蜂蜇伤可并发多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）。主要表现为血管内溶血、横纹肌溶解、急性心、肝、肾、血液及神经系统损害,临床经过凶险,可致3个或3个以上器官受累,     

巨大螺旋藻PSⅡ颗粒光合放氧与多肽组成关系的研究

由常温下培养的巨大螺旋藻（Ｓｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａｍａｘｉｍａ）制备的细胞、类囊体膜片层、ＰＳⅡ颗粒均具一定的放氧活性,且随着制备物的纯化,放氧活性逐步提高。二价阳离子Ｃａ￣２＋对于维持光合膜放氧活性是必需的;ＰＳⅡ颗粒放氧复合物包含有１２条多肽,较高等植物多肽组分复杂;类囊体膜多肽组分则极为复杂;盐洗和多肽重组实验表明５５,５０,２６ｋＤ多肽与外在放氧蛋白组成及功能有关,特别是５５,２６ｋＤ多肽是放氧不可缺少的组分。     

蜂毒素自聚集过程中间态的荧光光谱研究

应用荧光光谱及其一阶导数谱对蜂毒素在ＮａＣｌ诱导下的自聚集进行了研究,伴随蜂毒素自聚集的发生其内源荧光发射峰的峰宽在过渡点附近出现展宽并呈现出极大值,用二态转换模型可以对荧光发射谱进行较好的拟合,提示蜂毒由单体向四聚体的转化过程中不存在稳定的中间态。     

敬钊缨毛蛛毒素-Ⅷ的分离纯化与鉴定

从敬钊缨毛蛛（Chilobrachys jingzhao）粗毒中,通过阳离子交换色谱和反相高效液相色谱分离得到一种新的多肽神经毒素,命名为敬钊缨毛蛛毒素-Ⅷ（jingzhaotoxin-Ⅷ,JZTX-Ⅷ）.经MALDI-TOF分析表明该多肽分子质量为4 329.37 Da,结合氨基酸序列分析和RACE的cDNA快速扩增法得到了敬钊缨毛蛛毒素-Ⅷ的氨基酸序列和全长cDNA,序列为LFECSFSCDIKKNGKPCKGSGEKKCSGGWRCKMNFCVKV-COOH,其中6个半胱氨酸形成3对二硫键.敬钊缨毛蛛毒素-Ⅷ能阻断小鼠膈神经-膈肌标本的神经肌肉接头传递,经初步膜片钳实验分析,表明该多肽是一种钙离子通道抑制剂.     

蛇毒细胞毒素抗肿瘤作用的研究进展

蛇毒细胞毒素是蛇毒的主要毒性组分之一,约占蛇毒总蛋白含量的25%～60%,具有广泛的生物学活性,能引起可兴奋性细胞如骨骼肌、心肌和神经组织去极化,可促进细胞膜通透性,轴突传导阻滞,以及溶解肿瘤细胞等。自从1936年Sarker从眼镜蛇(Najanajaatra)蛇毒中分离出一个能使离体猫心停搏的毒素以来,多种类似的毒素如心脏毒素、细胞毒素、骨骼肌去极化因子、眼镜蛇碱、直接溶血因子等相继被分离出来,基于这些碱性多肽都作用于细胞膜的共性,又被称为膜毒素(Membranetoxin)或膜活性多肽(Membraneactivepolypeptide),有足够的证据表明,这些物质或是…     

蛋白质/多肽片段互补分析法检测alpha-突触核蛋白在细胞中的聚集

Alpha-突触核蛋白（α-synuclein, α-syn）聚集是引起帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease, PD）发生发展主要原因。本文用蛋白质/多肽片段互补分析法（protein-fragment complementation assays, PCAs）检测α-syn在细胞内的聚集。分别构建融合α-syn与人工改造的荧光素酶human Gaussiaprinceps luciferase（hGLuc）蛋白N端或C端蛋白的质粒,共转入人神经母细胞瘤SK-N-SH细胞,通过检测酶活性来确定野生型（wild type,WT）及A53T突变体α-syn在细胞中的聚集情况。结果表明WT和A53T突变α-syn都能使荧光素酶活性增强,而且与野生型α-syn相比,突变体A53T的荧光素酶活性更强,说明二者都能聚集,而且A53T聚集程度高于WT。PCAs法具有高灵敏度,不仅能检测α-syn在细胞内的聚集,而且能反映其聚集的程度,为研究帕金森病提供了研究思路和相应药物筛选的有效工具。     

日本七鳃鳗RGD毒素肽Lj-RGD2的克隆、表达及其抗血管新生活性

日本七鳃鳗口腔腺分泌蛋白Lj-RGD2毒素肽分子质量为8 kD,是含有2个RGD（Arg-Gly-Asp）模体序列的多肽.为了探讨其是否具有RGD毒素蛋白的功能,对其基因进行了克隆和表达,并对其重组蛋白进行了抗血管新生活性研究.从日本七鳃鳗口腔腺中提取mRNA,以自行设计的引物进行RT-PCR扩增,以获得Lj-RGD2基因;将获取的目的基因与pET23b载体连接,经转化、克隆、阳性转化子的筛选鉴定;将含组氨酸标签的pET23b-Lj-RGD2转化BL21菌中诱导表达;经亲和层析纯化,获得可溶性重组rLj-RGD2蛋白,并对重组rLj-RGD2蛋白的抗血管新生功能进行了研究.结果显示,rLj-RGD2蛋白的IC50为1.77μmol/L,并以剂量依赖方式抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞ECV304的增殖;rLj-RGD2蛋白还能抑制ECV304细胞对人工基质膜Matrigel的黏附、以BFGF（basic fibroblast growth factor）为趋化剂的迁移及侵袭.鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜CAM（chick chorioallantoic membrane）血管新生实验结果表明,rLj-RGD2蛋白能以剂量依赖方式抑制BFGF诱导的CAM血管新生.由此可见,rLj RGD2蛋白具有RGD毒素肽的活性特征,其有望成为一种抗血管新生基因工程新药. 关键词日本七鳃鳗; RGD毒素蛋白; 细胞黏附; 迁移及侵袭; 血管新生     

海生植物叶绿体膜中阳离子诱导激发能分配变化的静电控制与非静电控制的研究

用Ｃａ２＋和胰酶处理大叶藻（Ｚｏｓｔｅｒａｍａｒｉｎａ）和刺松藻（Ｃｏｄｉｕｍｆｒａｇｉｌｅ）叶绿体膜,研究了它们的类囊体膜多肽组分与Ｍｇ２＋诱导Ｃｈｌａ荧光和膜表面电荷变化之间的相互关系。观察到：（１）在大叶藻的叶绿体膜中,Ｍｇ２＋诱导ＰＳ－Ⅱ荧光强度的增高与其诱导类囊体膜表面电荷密度的降低密切相关;但这种相关性的效应不存在于刺松藻的叶绿体膜中。（２）用Ｃａ２＋处理这两种叶绿体膜分别除去其类囊体膜表面的３２－３４ＫＤ和３０－３１ＫＤ多肽,对上述Ｍｇ２＋诱导的现象无明显的影响。（３）用胰酶进一步消化这些Ｃａ２＋处理过的叶绿体膜分别除去其类囊体膜表面的２６ＫＤ和２３－２４ＫＤ多肽,那么在大叶藻的叶绿体膜中,Ｍｇ２＋诱导荧光和类囊体膜表面电荷变化的相关性效应则全部消失;但在刺松藻的叶绿体膜中,Ｍｇ２＋诱导荧光增高的效应完全消失,而Ｍｇ２＋诱导膜表面电荷变化的性质则保持不变。这些实验结果不仅证明,类囊体膜表面的２６ＫＤ和２３－２４ＫＤ多肽分别为大叶藻和刺松藻叶绿体膜中阳离子诱导激发能在ＰＳ－Ⅱ和ＰＳ－Ⅰ之间分配变化的特异性作用部位;而且说明阳离子调节激发能在这两个光系统之间分配的机理,在这两种海生植物的叶绿体膜中     

小菜蛾与苏云金芽孢杆菌Cry1Ac毒素亲和力的研究(英文)

首次应用NIP标记CrylAc毒素并测定它与小菜蛾刷状缘膜囊（BBMV）的亲和力,结果表明：小菜蛾刷状缘膜囊可以由幼虫来提取,CrylAc毒素与小菜蛾刷状缘膜囊具有很高的亲和力。     

虎纹捕鸟蛛毒素及类似多肽

虎纹捕鸟蛛毒素及类似多肽梁宋平（湖南师范大学生物学系,长沙４１００８１）关键词虎纹捕鸟蛛毒素多肽神经毒素对研究离子通道、神经递质受体、神经突触传递等神经生物学和神经药理学问题具有重要意义。继在蛇、蝎和芋螺等动物毒中发现很多有重要价值的专一性神经毒素之...     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细