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利用分子标记和数量性状基因型值构建作物核心种质库的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
提出了一种基于分子标记数据及数量性状基因型值构建作物种质资源核心种质库的方法.采用包括基因型与环境互作的遗传模型及相应的混合线性模型统计分析方法,无偏预测各材料的基因型值,分别用基因型值和分子标记数据计算个体间的相似系数,加权得到最终的相似距离.采用不加权类平均法(UPGMA)进行系统聚类,用多次聚类随机取样法构建核心种质库.以水稻DH群体111个基因型8个农艺性状、175个分子标记位点的数据为实例,按四种抽样比率(25%,20%,15%,10%)构建了四个核心种质库,比较了核心种质库与整个群体的分子标记多样性及数量性状的遗传变异,评价了所用方法的有效性。 相似文献
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Jian-Cheng Wang Jin Hu Ning-Ning Liu Hai-Ming Xu Sheng Zhang 《植物学报(英文版)》2006,48(11):1371-1378
In the present study, a strategy was proposed for constructing plant core subsets by clusters based on the combination of continuous data for genotypic values and discrete data for molecular marker InformaUon. A mixed linear model approach was used to predict genotyplc values for eliminating the environment effect. The "mixed genetic distance" was designed to solve the difficult problem of combining continuous and discrete data to construct a core subset by cluster. Four commonly used genetic distances for continuous data (Euclidean distance, standardized Euclidean distance, city block distance, and Mahalanobls distance) were used to assess the validity of the conUnuous data part of the mixed genetic distance; three commonly used genetic distances for discrete data (cosine distance, correlaUon distance, and Jaccard distance) were used to assess the validity of the discrete data part of the mixed genetic distance, A rice germplasm group with eight quantitative traits and information for 60 molecular markers was used to evaluate the validity of the new strategy. The results suggest that the validity of both parts of the mixed geneUc distance are equal to or higher than the common geneUc distance. The core subset constructed on the basis of a combination of data for genotyplc values and molecular marker information was more representative than that constructed on the basis of data from genotypic values or molecular marker informaUon alone. Moreover, the strategy of using combined data was able to treat dominant marker informaUon and could combine any other continuous data and discrete data together to perform cluster to construct a plant core subset. 相似文献
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Methods of constructing core collections by stepwise clustering with three sampling strategies based on the genotypic values of crops 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
J. Hu J. Zhu H. M. Xu 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(1-2):264-268
A genetic model with genotype×environment (GE) interactions for controlling systematical errors in the field can be used for
predicting genotypic values by an adjusted unbiased prediction (AUP) method. Mahalanobis distance, calculated based on the
genotypic values, is then applied to measure the genetic distance among accessions. The unweighted pair-group average, Ward’s
and the complete linkage methods of hierarchical clustering combined with three sampling strategies are proposed to construct
core collections in a procedure of stepwise clustering. A homogeneous test and t-tests are suggested for use in testing variances and means, respectively. The coincidence rate (CR%) for range and the variable rate (VR%) for the coefficient of variation are designed to evaluate the property of core collections. A worked example of constructing
core collections in cotton with 21 traits was conducted. Random sampling can represent the genetic diversity structure of
the initial collection. Preferred sampling can keep the accessions with special or valuable characteristics in the initial
collection. Deviation sampling can retain the larger genetic variability of the initial collection. For better representation
of the core collection, cluster methods should be combined with different sampling strategies. The core collections based
on genotypic values retained larger genetic variability and had superior representatives than those based on phenotypic values.
Received: 15 October 1999 / Accepted: 24 November 1999 相似文献
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The paper deals with the quadratic invariant estimators of the linear functions of variance components in mixed linear model. The estimator with locally minimal mean square error with respect to a parameter ? is derived. Under the condition of normality of the vector Y the theoretical values of MSE of several types of estimators are compared in two different mixed models; under a different types of distributions a simulation study is carried out for the behaviour of derived estimators. 相似文献
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利用分子标记和形态学性状检测的陆地棉栽培品种遗传多样性 总被引:44,自引:3,他引:44
利用RAPD,ISSR和SSR3种分子标记方法和2年田间实验对国内外36个陆地棉栽培品种的遗传多样性进行了研究,以3种分子标记在36个品种之间扩增的282条多态性位点所赋值的0,1数据,采用Nei和Li的方法,计算的品种成对相似系数从0.5745到0.9291,其品种平均数从0.6547到0.7524,又以2年品种表现的性状平均数经正态标准化后,采用欧氏距离计算了成对品种的遗传距离。分别以相似系数和传距离矩阵,采用类平均法进行聚类分析,其聚类结果把供试品种大致分为国外品种,新疆品种,早熟类型品种和我国的中熟棉品种等几个类群,类内进一步分组表明,分子标记确定的传关系基本上与品种系谱的种质系统一致,但并不能按系谱或种植生态区域简单地归属,尽管分子标记数据计算的相似系数矩阵和表现型计算的遗传距离矩阵存在极显著的相关关系(r=-0.335),但以遗传距离进行聚类分析的类内分组的组间特征不明显,分子标记是检测类内品种间遗传差异的有效方法,研究结果为棉花育种亲本选配提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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籽用西瓜种质资源SSR分析及初级核心种质库构建 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用SSR分子标记技术对50份不同来源的籽用西瓜材料进行遗传多样性研究,并基于SSR分子标记聚类分析采用最小距离逐步抽样法构建籽瓜初级核心种质库。研究表明:(1)从106对SSR随机引物中筛选出扩增条带清晰、多态性高的31对引物,共得到138条清晰可辨条带,其中多态性条带115条,占83.33%,平均Shannon’s信息指数(I)为0.419 3,平均Nei’s多样指数(h)为0.272 4,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.458 0,平均等位基因数(Na)为1.981 4,说明50份籽瓜种质具有丰富的遗传多样性。(2)用NTsys2.10e软件对种质资源聚类分析表明,种质间的遗传相似系数介于0.57~0.91之间,其中来源地相同的个别种质间遗传相似系数却很小,而来源地不同的个别种质间的遗传相似系数却很高。(3)采用最小距离逐步抽样法,按70%、60%、50%、40%、30%、20%、10%的比例抽样后,各个核心子集遗传多样性指数总体上变化不明显,但各抽样比例相比,以抽样比例20%获得10份初选种质的 Ne、 h和 I达到最高值,说明抽样20%构建的初级核心种质对原始种质具有很好的代表性。 相似文献
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广义岭回归在家禽育种值估计中的应用 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
讨论了岭回归方法应用于混合线性模型方程组中估计家禽育种值的方法,其实质是将传统的混合线性模型方程组理解为一种广义岭回归估计,为确定遗传参数的估计提供了一种途径;同时,以番鸭为例,考虑了一个性状和两个固定效应,采用广义岭回归法对公番鸭育种值进行了估计,并与最佳线性无偏预测法(BLUP 法)进行了比较,结果表明,广义岭回归方法和BLUP 法估计的育种值及其排序非常接近,其相关系数和秩相关系数分别达到了0.998~(**)和0.986~(**),且采用广义岭回归法预测的误差率低(在±10%以内);表明在混合线性模型方程组中使用广义岭回归估计动物育种值的方法具有可行性,并可省去估计遗传参数的过程,使BLUP 法在动物选育中的应用更具实用性. 相似文献
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水稻单株有效穗数主基因+多基因混合遗传分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选择单株有效穗数差异大的3个亲本CB1(15.3)、CB4(6.4)和CB7(11.8),配制CB1×CB4和CB7×CB4组合,建立了相应的P_1、F_1、P_2、B_1、B_2、F_2群体,将其分为中、晚两个生产季节种植,考察了有效穗数性状.利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型理论的Akaike信息准则(AIC)在B_1、B_2、F_2代中鉴定影响数量性状的主基因存在与否,主基因存在时通过分离分析估计主基因和微效基因的遗传效应及所占总变异的分量.结果表明该性状在所有B_1、B_2、F_2中均符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因的遗传模式,主基因遗传率为30.64%-72.26%,多基因遗传率为3.41%-28.20%,总基因遗传率为45.96%-87.29%;相同组合种植季别主基因遗传率及一阶参数对比表明,杂交亲本的选择及种植季别对该性状遗传率影响较小,h_a、h_b、j_(ab)、j_(ba)值均为负值表明显性效应和加性显性互作对该性状表达具有抑制作用. 相似文献