脂肪酸合成酶基因片段克隆以及胰岛素诱导时该酶mRNA含量的变化

采用高效的由mRNA合成cDNA的方法,我们得到了含有3.7kb的脂肪酸合成酶基因片段的克隆pFAS_(203)。它具有限制内切酶PstⅠ、BamH Ⅰ、HineⅡ、PvuⅡ、Ava Ⅰ以及Pvu Ⅰ酶切位点,与已经得到的经杂交选择的mRNA离体翻译产物鉴定的cDNA克隆pFAS_(15)有部分重叠。对饥饿的糖尿病大鼠注射胰岛素并饲以无脂食物,肝中FAS mRNA以及其前体RNA含量增加,当注射后再饲无脂食物达12小对,肝中FASmRNA及其前体RNA约为糖尿病鼠的30倍。Poly(A)~+ RNA的Northern分析表明诱导期间FASmRNA含量增加而其分子大小不变。这些结果表明胰岛素对FAS基因的转录有调节作用。胰岛素诱导后的脂肪酸合成酶活性升高是在转录水平上调节的。     

Rapid changes in the concentration of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA in rat liver and kidney. Effects of insulin and cyclic AMP

Starvation and diabetes both caused a marked increase in the concentration of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate caroboxykinase mRNA while the administration of insulin to diabetic rats or refeeding glucose to starved animals caused a marked reduction in the levels of enzyme mRNA as measured by hybridization using a cDNA probe.l The Administration of dibutyryl cAMP to a starved-refed cat caused an 8-fold induction of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA in 1 h. Triamcinolone plus acidosis induced the levels of enzyme mRNA in kidney 3-fold within 6 h, however, starvation for 24h had only marginal effects. In all of the above conditions, the levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA measured by hybridization assay agreed well with the relative levels of translatable mRNA for the enzyme. The half-time of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA, determined after the administration of either alpha-amanitin or cordycepin to starved animals, was approximately 40 min. However, cycloheximide either alone or together with cordycepin, not only prevented the decrease in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA sequence abundance, but induced it 2-fold. Cycloheximide itself, when injected into 21-day fetal rats in utero caused an induction of enzyme mRNA equal to that noted when dibutyryl cAMP was administered. The mRNA for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is approximately 2.8 kb in length, but nuclei from the livers of diabetic rats contain a number of putative precursor RNA species for the enzyme, up to 6.5 kb in size, all containing a poly(A) tail. Two hours after refeedng glucose to a starved rat, these nuclear RNA species could no longer be detected by hybridization to our cDNA probe.