青海南部太白韭4居群的核型研究

研究了葱属太白韭青海４个居群的染色体数目和核型。结果如下,居群１：２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１６＝１２ｍ＋２ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）,居群２：２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１６＝１４ｍ＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）;居群３：２ｎ＝４ｘ＝３２＝２４ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ（４ＳＡＴ）,居群４：２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１６＝１４ｍ＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）＋Ｂｓ（０－２）。并讨论了多倍体和Ｂ染色体形成与分析。     

五种珍珠菜的核型研究

本文对５种珍珠菜亚属植物进行了染色体数目及核型研究。其中瓣珍珠菜２ｎ＝２４＝１２ｍ＋８ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）、黑腺珍珠菜２ｎ＝２２＝２ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋６ｓｔ＋１０ｔ、泽珍珠菜２ｎ＝２４＝１４ｍ＋６ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｔ和小叶珍珠菜２ｎ＝４８＝３４ｍ＋１０ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ的染色体数目及核型为首次报道。中国九江产的红根草核型２ｎ＝２４＝２０ｍ＋４ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）与日本产的核型２ｎ＝２４＝１８ｍ（１ＳＡＴ）     

小檗科鬼臼亚科植物的核型研究

本文首次报道了中华山荷叶与川八角莲的核型,分别为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１２＝８ｍ（４ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｔ＋２ｔ及Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１２＝４ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）十４ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｔ,核型类型均为ＺＡ型。本文报道的桃儿七及八角莲的核型与前人的结果有一定差异,前者为：Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１２＝６ｍ（４ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ＋２ｔ,２Ｂ型,后者为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１２＝８ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｔ,为２Ａ型。本文分析了小檗科鬼臼亚科４个属共７种植物的核型,结果是该类植物的核型极为相似,染色体数目均为２ｎ＝１２,由８条ｍ或ｓｍ,２条ｓｔ以及２条ｔ染色体组成。核型的相似性反映了这类植物的亲缘关系,这４个属的植物是一个自然类群。但随着系统发育,核型的不对称性有所增加,其中以山荷叶属最为对称,八角莲属居中,桃儿七属与足叶草属最不对称。笔者认为,核型上的高度相似是该类植物在系统发育上不发达,属内种类稀少,通常为寡种属或单种属的重要原因。     

赖草属5个种的核型与进化

报道了国产赖草属５个种的核型,即大赖草,２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２４ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）;粗穗赖草２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）;若羌赖草,２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２０ｍ（４ＳＡＴ）＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）;羊草,２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２２ｍ（４ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ（４ＳＡＴ）;窄颖赖草,２ｎ＝４ｘ＝２８＝２２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｔ（２Ｓ     

辽宁地区产6种乌头的细胞分类学研究

对我国辽宁地区毛莨科乌头属６个种的染色体的数目和形态进行了研究,并进行了核型分析。其染色体基数为Ｘ＝８,核型公式为：两色乌头：２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２ｍ＋１０ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ;蛇岛乌头为：２ｎ＝４ｘ＝１０ｍ＋２０ｓｍ（ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｔ＋２Ｂ;黄花乌头为：２ｎ＝４ｘ＝４ｍ＋１２ｓｍ（ＳＡＴ）＋８ｓｔ＋１Ｂ;北乌头三倍体为：２ｎ＝３ｘ＝２Ｍ＋４ｍ＋１８ｓｍ;北乌头４倍体为２ｎ＝４ｘ＝４ｍ＋２８ｓｍ。同时,对乌头属下     

三种毛茛的核型研究

对３种（含１变种）毛莨属植物进行了核型研究,其染色体数目及核型资料为首次报道。三叶毛莨（ＲａｎｕｎｃｕｌｕｓｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓＴｈｕｎｂ．ｖａｒ．ｔｅｒｎａｔｉｆｏｌｉｕｓＬ．Ｌｉａｏ．）有两种核型。即基本型２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１４＝６ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）和杂合型２ｎ＝２ｘ＝１４＝６ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋４ｓｔ（１ＳＡＴ）,前者核型的特征是其随体较大,而后者核型变异发生在第２对和第３对同源染色体异形上,并     

吉林省产5种百合的核型研究

报道了吉林省产５种百合科植物的染色体数目和核型：①毛百合Ｌｉｌｉｕｍ ｄａｕｒｉｃｕｍ Ｋｅｒ．－Ｇｅｗ１．２ｎ＝２４＝２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋８ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）＋１２ｔ（２ＳＡＴ）;②有斑百合Ｌ．ｃｏｎｃｏｌｏｒ Ｓａｌｉｓｂ．ｖａｒ．ｂｕｓｃｈｉａｎｕｍ（Ｌｏｄｄ．）Ｂａｋｅｒ ２ｎ＝２４＝２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋４ｓｍ（４ＳＡＴ）＋６ｓｔ（２ＳＡＴ）＋１２ｔ;③兰州百合Ｌ．ｄａｖｉｄ     

华蟹甲草属和蟹甲草属4种植物的核型

４种植物的染色体间期均为复杂型,前期染色体为中间型。华蟹甲草两居群的染色体数目及核型为２ｎ＝６０＝４４ｍ＋１６ｓｍ（４ＳＡＴ）和２ｎ＝６０＝４２ｍ＋１８ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）。蟹甲草属３种：阔柄蟹甲草为２ｎ＝６０＝５０ｍ＋１０ｓｍ;蛛毛蟹甲草为２ｎ＝６０＝５０ｍ＋１０ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）;三角叶蟹甲草两居群分别为２ｎ＝６０＝４４ｍ＋１６ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）和２ｎ＝６０＝４４ｍ＋１６ｓｍ。核型均为２Ａ型,尽管华蟹     

子午岭产4种百合科植物的核型多样性研究

对子午岭产百合科黄精属大苞黄精（Ｐ．ｍｅｇａｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ）、玉竹（Ｐ．ｏｄｏｒａｔｕｍ）,百合属的细叶百合（Ｌ．ｐｕｍｉｌｕｍ）,葱属的糙葶韭（Ａ．ａｎｉｓｏｐｏｄｉｕｍ）４种植物进行了染色体研究。其染色体数目和核型分别为：玉竹２ｎ（２ｘ）＝２０＝１２ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋８ｓｍ,核型为２Ｂ型;大苞黄精２ｎ（２ｘ）＝２２＝４ｍ＋１２ｓｍ＋６ｓｔ,核型为３Ｂ型;细叶百合２ｎ（２ｘ）＝２４＝４ｍ＋１０ｓｔ     

四种风毛菊属植物的核型研究

本文首次报道产于我国华北地区风毛菊属（ＳａｕｓｓｕｒｅａＤＣ．）４种植物的染色体数目和核型。四个种的染色体数目均是２ｎ＝２６,都是２倍体。它们的核型是：糠风毛菊（Ｓ．Ｐａｌｅａｔａ）Ｚｎ＝２ｘ＝２６＝１８ｍ＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ,属２Ｂ型,华北风毛菊（Ｓ．ｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａ）Ｚｎ＝２ｘ＝２６＝１４ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋８ｓｔ,属２Ｂ型;狭苞凤毛菊（Ｓ．ｄｉｅｌｓｉａｎａ）Ｚｎ＝２ｘ＝２６＝８ｍ＋１２ｓｍ＋６ｓｔ,属２Ｃ型;银背凤毛菊（Ｓ．ｎｉｖｅａ）２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２６＝１８ｍ＋６ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ,属２Ａ型。染色体中均未发现随体。     

峨眉山百合属一新种

本文发表了峨眉山百合属1新种, 即峨眉百合Lilium omeiense Z.Y.Zhu, sp.nov.     

ONE NEW SPECIES OF LILIUM FROM SICHUAN

Species L. taliensi et L.rosthornii affinis,a illa floribus faucibus purpuratis, glandibus viridibus utroque latere flavis, stylis germinibus duplo longioribus, a hac glandibus nectariferis margine efimbriatis,capsulis obovatis differt.     

百合属4种植物的核型研究

采用常规压片法对4种百合属植物野百合(L.brow n ii F.E.B row n ex M ie llez.)、兰州百合(L.d av id iiDuchartre var.un icolor(Hoog.)Co Hon.)、川百合(L.d av id ii Duchartre)、湖北百合(L.henry i B aker)进行了核型研究.结果表明,4种百合的染色体数目均为2n=24,核型除川百合为3A外,其余3种均为3B型.核型公式分别为:野百合2n(2x)=24=4m(2SAT) 2sm(2SAT) 4st 14t,兰州百合2n(2x)=24=2m(2SAT) 2sm 10st(2SAT) 8t 2T,川百合2n(2x)=24=2m(2SAT) 2sm 12st(3SAT) 8t,湖北百合2n(2x)=24=4m 18st 2t,其中湖北百合染色体核型为首次报道.通过比较发现,兰州百合与川百合的核型最为相似,亲缘关系相近;核型不对称性为兰州百合>川百合>野百合>湖北百合,以湖北百合的核型较为原始.     

10种百合属植物的传粉生物学

对百合属（Ｌｉｌｉｕｍ）１０种植物的自花传粉和中间传粉进行了初步观察分析,结果为：轮叶百合、有斑渥丹、王百合及毛百合自花不孕。川百合和条叶百合同株异花授粉和亲和性好于同花授粉的亲和性。在常规授粉条件下,种间授粉亲和性与形态学亲缘关系不完全一致。在１３组杂交组合中,同是卷瓣组的细叶百合和垂花百合,正反交分别得到１６％和２５％的有胚种子;同为钟花组的毛百合和有斑渥丹,正反交均不座果;卷瓣组的条叶百合×     

Pollen productivity variations. Pollen-ovule ratio and sexual selection in Pinus roxburghii

Total pollen production, pollen-ovule ratio and the production of male-female strobili were recorded in Pinus roxburghii at two different altitudes during two successive years. The values of total pollen production per tree and per hectare varied between 1953.56 to 2727.16 2 10 9 and 2.91 to 4.26 2 10 14 (in 1999) at the lower altitude and 1247.5 to 1673.5 2 10 9 and 2.24 2 10 14 (in 1998) and 1599.89 to 2038.96 2 10 9 and 3.18 2 10 14 (in 1999) at the higher altitude. The pollen-ovule ratio in P. roxburghii has indicated the xenogamous type of breeding system The production of male and female cones per tree and per hectare ranged from 21.7 - 0.34 to 33.6 - 0.71 2 10 3 and 55.16 - 24.08 to 220.85 - 87.75 per tree and 32.55 to 70.56 2 10 5 and 2.76 to 26.50 2 10 3 per hectare respectively. However the production of female cones per 100 male cones oscillated between 0.25 to 0.66, which suggested the intense male competition among trees to pollinate their neighbours. A linear correlation was recorded between diameter and extent of the tree crown to the total production of strobili groups/strobili clusters, strobili, microsporophylls and pollen grains per individual tree. The ratio between the number of strobili per strobili group and the number of strobili groups per tree showed an inverse relationship; thus, the individuals with most strobili groups have the strobili groups with the least strobili and vice-versa. This ratio was also shown between the number of pollen grains per strobilus and the number of strobili per tree, as well as the number of pollen grains per strobili group and the number of strobili groups per tree.     

Cytogenetic Behavior, Chromosomal Differentiations, and Geographic Distribution in Lilium lancifolium (Liliaceae)

Abstract Lilium lancifolium Thunb, is the only polyploid species complex consisting of 2x (2n=24) and 3x (2n=36) forms in the genus, both of which are highly self-sterile. They are cytologically differentiated into various nucleolar types by number and combination of four kinds of nucleolar chromosomes. The 3x form is widespread from the North-East district of China to the Japanese Islands through the Korean Peninsula. However, the 2x form is localized and grows singly or together with the 3x form in the narrow zone from southern Korea to the Tsushima Islands, Japan. The 2x form reproduces by sexual as well as by asexual means, but a sterile 3x form has asexually persisted to the present. Generally speaking, the 3x form is the allotriploid which has originated from hybridization between a 2x form and a closely related species such as L. maximowiczii in the remote past. In the present study, another possibility for the presence of the autotriploid form is newly proposed based on its karyotype and geographic distribution.     

两种百合染色体变异比较研究

巢氏方差分析结果表明,在相对长度、臂比、染色体长度比、平均臂比、核型不对称系数和染色体组实际长度方面,通江百合居群间平均变异相对量大于岷江百合。表明通江百合的染色体结构变异比岷江百合更丰富。染色体结构畸变是两物种核型的重要特征。     

丽江百合鳞茎细胞内贮藏物质的细胞形态学观察

丽江百合(Lilium lijiangenese L.J.Peng,sp nov.)引种栽培三年。鳞茎体积增大,中部鳞片细胞由平均12层增加到21层。细胞体积由平均86.5×79微米增加到97.5×89.7微米。细胞内含有两种贮藏颗粒,一种体积较大,椭圆形,另一种体积略小呈圆球形。较大者含有淀粉物质,较小者含有蛋白质、脂肪、多糖和少量核糖核酸。细胞内平均淀粉粒数由4.2个增加到8个,其体积由29.1×19.5微米增加到46.8×23.4微米。蛋白质颗粒数由平均12个增加到70个,体积稍有减小,由4.68—7.8微米减少到3.9—5.85微米。     

毛百合繁殖生物学研究——Ⅰ 毛百合的自然生长与繁殖

本文对产于东北地区的毛百合进行了自然状况下的生长与繁殖研究。结果发现在不同的生境下毛百合的生长发育有三种类型,即生长旺盛类型;可完成生活史,但生长受到一定限制类型;不能完成生活史,只能营养生长类型。 在毛百合完成其生活史的转化中光是一个重要限制因子。在全光的46.6％的生境中毛百合尚能大部向成株转化,并开花结果完成生活史,而在相对光照为15.6％的林下,毛百合转化为成株的概率很少。 由于长期适应环境的结果,毛百合具有两种繁殖对策,一是在全光下或不低于相对光照的46％的生境下,有性与无性繁殖同时进行;而在低于相对光照的15％以下时,除个别光强处外,毛百合主要以鳞茎繁殖和生长,一旦林地受干扰后,则马上开花结实,营有性繁殖。