Review of the millipede family Trichopolydesmidae in the Oriental realm (Diplopoda,Polydesmida), with descriptions of new genera and species

In the Oriental Region, the large, basically Northern Hemisphere family Trichopolydesmidae is shown to currently comprise 18 genera and 43 species. Based mainly on gonopod structure, all of them, as well as the whole family, are (re)diagnosed, including five new genera and seven new species. These new taxa are keyed, also being the first to be described from Indochina in general and from Vietnam in particular: Aporodesmella gen. n., with three species: A. securiformis sp. n. (the type species), A. similis sp. n. and A. tergalis sp. n., as well as the following four monotypic genera: Deharvengius gen. n., with D. bedosae sp. n., Gonatodesmus gen. n., with G. communicans sp. n., Helicodesmus gen. n., with H. anichkini sp. n., and Monstrodesmus gen. n., with M. flagellifer sp. n. In addition, Cocacolaria hauseri Hoffman, 1987, hitherto known only from New Ireland Island, Papua New Guinea, is redescribed based on material from Vanuatu whence it is recorded for the first time. One of the new genera, Gonatodesmus gen. n., provides a kind of transition or evolutionary bridge between Trichopolydesmidae and Opisotretidae, thus reinforcing the assignment of these two families to the single superfamily Trichopolydesmoidea.     

Givetian Stringocephalid brachiopods from eastern Yunnan of Southwest China with notes on global distribution of the family Stringocephalidae

Stringocephalid brachiopods are widely known in the Givetian, but little knowledge is obtained concerning their palaeobiogeographical patterns globally, therefore further studies with new updates and details are required. In this paper, we describe two new stringocephalid brachiopod genera: Yangirostra asiatica n. gen. n. sp. (subfamily Stringocephalinae) and Chinellirostra rara n. gen. n. sp. (subfamily Bornhardtininae), and a new species Stringocephalus sinensis n. sp., together with an indeterminate species Parastringocephalus sp., from the Givetian (late Middle Devonian) of eastern Yunnan, Southwest China. Moreover, with information of the stringocephalides from North Africa, Alaska, North America, Europe and Northeast Eurasia, we compile a dataset of family Stringocephalidae containing 32 genera in 7 subfamilies globally. Based on our data, subfamily Stringocephalinae brachiopods show cosmopolitism and considerably wide distribution from Siberia to the northern Gondwana margins (i.e., North Africa and Australia). Nevertheless, the Boreal Realm and Palaeotethyan Realm are depicted in this paper at the subfamily level, which is much different from the previous palaeobiogeographical schemes in the Givetian. Furthermore, palaeobiogeographical links between Siberia, the Urals and western North America (Alaska, Canada, Nevada and Sonora) are confirmed by diversification of the subfamilies Omoloninae and Rensselandiinae. Whereas in Eurasia (i.e., western and eastern Europe, North and South China), many endemic species of the subfamilies Bornhardtininae and Geranocephalinae are present, as well as the Kaplexinae and Leioseptathyridinae.     

Microdajus tchesunovi sp. n. (Tantulocarida, Microdajidae) - A new crustacean parasite of from the White Sea

A new species of Tantulocarida, Microdajus tchesunovi sp. n., was found on tanaid host, Typhlotanais sp. of the family Nototanaidae, collected from silty sediment in the Kandalaksha Bay in the White Sea. Several tantulus larvae, developing males at different stages of metamorphosis, and early stages of parthenogenetic females were found attached to different sites of their hosts. Ultrastructure of the new species was studied with SEM. Microdajus tchesunovi sp. n. can be easily distinguished from other species of the genus Microdajus Greve by the presence of a pair of longitudinal dorsal lamellae at the anterior end of the cephalon. It is also characterized by the presence of an endopod seta on the sixth thoracopod and the absence of thoracopodal endites. A morphological comparison of species of the family Microdajidae is presented in tabular form.     

On the fauna of the bristletail family Nicoletiidae (Thysanura) of Thailand

One new species, Lepidospora kwaii sp. n., is described from Thailand. Keys to the families, subfamilies, and genera of the family Nicoletiidae (Thysanura) and to the species of the genus Lepidospora of the world fauna are provided; data on the distribution and evolutionary trends of the bristletails of the genus Lepidospora are given.     

Teuthiden aus dem Unterapt (»Töck«) von Helgoland (Schleswig-Holstein,Norddeutschland)

From the Early Aptian (“Tæck”) of Heligoland (North Germany) three new species, one new genus and one new family of Teuthids are described:Mastigopbora stuehmeri n. sp.,Boreopeltis helgo landiae n. gen. n. sp. andMaioteuthis damesi n. sp. The new genusBoreopeltis n. gen. ist placed in the family Plesioteuthididae NAEF 1921. The genusMastigopbora OWEN 1856 previously attributed to the family Loligosepiidae van Regteren Altena 1949 is proposed as type genus of the new family Mastigophoridae. Two poorly preserved specimens cannot be identified specifically (?Trachyteuthis sp. andPlesioteuthis sp.).     

Eight New Species of Charinus Simon, 1892 (Arachnida: Amblypygi: Charinidae) Endemic for the Brazilian Amazon,with Notes on Their Conservational Status

Eight new species of Charinus Simon, 1892 are described for the Brazilian Amazon, from the states of Pará (C. bichuetteae sp. n., C. bonaldoi sp. n., C. carajas sp. n., C. ferreus sp. n., C. guto sp. n. and C. orientalis sp. n.) and Amazonas (Charinus brescoviti sp. n. and C. ricardoi sp. n.). All new species can be differentiated from the other species of the genus by the number of pseudo-articles in basitibia IV, the presence/absence of median eyes, and the shape of the female gonopod. Brazil now becomes the country with the largest diversity of Amblypygi in the world, with 25 known species. Half of the new species described here have a high degree of endangerment: C. bichuetteae sp. n. is threatened by the flood caused by the hydroelectric dam of Belo Monte, and C. carajas sp. n., C. ferreus sp. n. and C. orientalis sp. n. are endangered by the iron mining in Carajás municipality and surroundings. The Charinus species here described are endemic to the Amazon Region, so in order to assure their preservation, it is strongly recommended a special care with their habitats (type localities) which are facing increasing rates of destruction and deforestation.     

Revision of the Antillocaprinidae Mac Gillavry (Hippuritida,Bivalvia) and their position within the Caprinoidea d’Orbigny

The rudist bivalve family Antillocaprinidae Mac Gillavry is revised following a study of nearly all available material in museum collections. Based on differences in their myocardinal arrangements, three subfamilies are recognized: the Titanosarcolitinae nov. subfam., the Antillocaprininae Mac Gillavry, and the Parasarcolitinae nov. subfam. Fifteen genera are described, of which ten are new: Eosarcolites nov. gen., Caenosarcolites nov. gen., Clinocaprina nov. gen., Rotacaprina nov. gen., Rudicaprina nov. gen., Stellacaprina nov. gen., Oligosarcolites nov. gen., Polysarcolites nov. gen., Alencasteria nov. gen., and Sawkinsonia nov. gen. Genera, which are placed in monophyletic radiations, are differentiated on minor differences in myocardinal arrangements, morphotype, and presence or absence of tubes. Six new species are described: Eosarcolites radiatus nov. gen., nov. sp., Caenosarcolites scholaris nov. gen., nov. sp., Rudicaprina planus nov. gen., nov. sp., Sawkinsonia maldonensis nov. gen., nov. sp., Alencasteria macrotubularis nov. gen., nov. sp., and Stellacaprina gunteri nov. gen., nov. sp. Cladistic analysis was performed on selected genera from the Caprinoidea, justifing the division of the Antillocaprinidae into three subfamilies, although extensive paraphyletic groupings exist in the lower part of the strict consensus tree. Weighting myocardinal characters produces a strict consensus tree largely consistent with current subfamily- and family-rank taxonomy, and is consistent with the order of appearance of taxa in the fossil record. The Antillocaprinidae show a major evolutionary radiation reaching a first peak in the middle Campanian, a decline in the late Campanian, and a second peak just before the rudist extinction at the end of the Cretaceous.     

Carpenter moths (Lepidoptera,Cossidae) of the Altai Mountain Range

An annotated species list of carpenter moths (Lepidoptera, Cossidae) of the Altai Mountain Range is presented. It includes 26 species from 3 subfamilies. Two species are new to science: Semagystia tarbagataica Yakovlev, sp. n. and Dyspessa saissanica Yakovlev, sp. n. The former differs from the other species of the genus (except Semagystia enigma Yakovlev, 2007 from southeastern Turkey whose wing pattern is totally reduced) in the absence of wing pattern; a specific clavate shape of the process on the costal margin of valve is also its important diagnostic character. Dyspessa saissanica Yakovlev, sp. n. belongs to the well-revised Dyspessa salicicola (Eversmann, 1848) species group (Yakovlev, 2005); the closest species is D. salicicola, which also has elongate processes of the pectinate antennae and a weakly developed ridge on the costal marginof valve. The newly described species is different in having a poorly developed dark pattern on the forewings, very broad bases of the processes of the transtilla, a thinner base of the aedeagus, and thinner lateral processes of the juxta. In conclusion, the carpenter moth fauna of the Altai Mountains is briefly analyzed.     

Two new genera and species of cystidicolids (Nematoda,Cystidicolidae) from marine fishes off New Caledonia

Two new nematode species of the family Cystidicolidae, each representing a new genus, were recovered from marine perciform fishes off New Caledonia, South Pacific: Ascarophisnema tridentatum n. gen., n. sp. from the stomach of the Japanese large-eye bream, Gymnocranius euanus (Günther) (Lethrinidae) and Metabronemoides mirabilis n. gen., n. sp. from the stomach of the painted sweetlip, Diagramma pictum (Thunberg) (Haemulidae). Ascarophisnema is characterized mainly by its cephalic structures (presence of two tooth-like projections on either side of the base of each pseudolabium, dorsal and ventral inner extensions of each pseudolabium recurved laterally in apical view, and submedian sublabia fused together dorsally and ventrally) and the presence of trident-like deirids, and Metabronemoides by its unique cephalic structures (presence of one dorsal and one ventral labium and four large dorsolateral and ventrolateral labia, and absence of sublabia). Rhabdochona gymnocranius (considered a species inquirenda) is provisionally transferred to the former genus as Ascarophisnema gymnocranius (Yamaguti, 1935) n. comb. To date, a total of seven species of cystidicolids are reported from marine fishes off New Caledonia.     

Description of new species of the genus Ctenochira Förster, 1855 (hymenoptera,ichneumonidae: Tryphoninae) from the Eurasian Subarctic subzone and Siberia,with remarks on the Ichneumonid fauna of the Chukchi Peninsula

13 new species of Ctenochira (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tryphoninae) from the Eurasian Subarctic subzone and Siberia are described: C. albosignata sp. n., C. anabar sp. n., C. epipleuralis sp. n., C. gracilicornis sp. n., C. hyperborea sp. n., C. kerzhneri sp. n., C. laticauda sp. n., C. minuta sp. n., C. nigronitens sp. n., C. pallistigma sp. n., C. tixi sp. n., C. trochanterata sp. n., and C. uzon sp. n. A key to the Subarctic and northern Siberian species is given. Quantitative occurrence of different ichneumonid subfamilies in the Subarctic subzone is considered based on analysis of 827 specimens of ichneumonids collected in yellow plates in the Chukchi Autonomous Area in July 2012. Idiobiont (polyphagous) subfamilies (36.5%): Cryptinae, 294 spms. (35.5%); Pimplinae, 8 (1%). Koinobiont parasitoids, 10 subfamilies (63.5%): parasitoids of Symphyta, 313 spms. (37.9%): Tryphoninae, 225 (27.2%); Adelognathinae, 14 (1.7%); Ctenopelmatinae, 59 (7.2%); Campopleginae (Olesicampe; Lathrostizus), 15 (1.8%); parasitoids of Diptera, 169 spms. (20.5%): Diplazontinae, 8 (1%); Orthocentrinae s. l., 161 (19.5%); parasitoids of Lepidoptera, 29 spms. (3.5%): Campopleginae (part), 18 (2.2%) (Campoletis; Hyposoter; Tranosema; Diadegma; etc.); Ichneumoninae, 2 (0.2%); Banchinae, 3 (0.4%) (Glypta; Lissonota); Metopiinae, 6 (0.7%) (Exochus); parasitoids of Coleoptera (0.3%): Tersilochinae, 3 spms. (Barycnemis); hyperparasitoids (1.3%): Mesochorinae, 11 spms.     

A new species <Emphasis Type="Italic">Selenonycha insperata</Emphasis> n. sp. (Acariformes: Syringophilidae) from the bare-faced ibis <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phimosus infuscatus</Emphasis> (Lichtenstein) (Pelecaniformes: Threskiornithidae) as an example of host-switching event

A new quill mite species of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Cheyletoidea) is described from Phimosus infuscatus (Lichtenstein) (Pelecaniformes: Threskiornithidae) in Argentina. Selenonycha insperata n. sp. differs from other species of the genus Selenonycha Kethley, 1970 by the presence of wing-like cuticular projections of coxal fields III–IV situated in front of trochanters (vs absence). An unexpected finding of this species on a bird of the family Threskiornithidae (Pelecaniformes) is discussed as an example of host shift. Additionally, a key to the species of the genus is provided.     

Description of a new genus and two new species of Corioxenidae from Jordan (Insecta: Strepsiptera)

Abstract

Two new species of twisted-wing insects (Strepsiptera) of the family Corioxenidae, Proceroxenos jordanicus n.gen., n.sp., and Dundoxenos breviphlebos n.sp., are described from Jordan. Identification keys to the subfamilies of the Corioxenidae, the genera of the subfamily Uniclavinae, and the species of the genus Dundoxenos are provided. A list of all described species of Corioxenidae is given, including information on geographic distribution, and host species when available.     

Two new species of Myxobolus (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) infecting the gill and scales of the smallmouth bass,Micropterus dolomieu (Centrarchiformes: Centrarchidae) in the French Broad River Basin,North Carolina

Two new species of Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882 (Bivalvulida: Myxobolidae) are described from the gill and scales of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu Lacepède, 1802 [Centrarchiformes: Centrarchidae]) from the Watauga River, French Broad River Basin, North Carolina, United States. Myxobolus intralamina n. sp. infects the lumen of the lamellar arterioles and Myxobolus infrabractea n. sp. infects the inner surface of the scale. They differ from all congeners by a combination of myxospore dimensions, polar tubule coil count, and the presence or absence of an iodinophilic vacuole in the sporoplasm and an intercapsular process. A phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) recovered M. intralamina n. sp. sister to Myxobolus lepomis and Myxobolus branchiarum and M. infrabractea n. sp. sister to Myxobolus micropterii in a clade composed of five Myxobolus spp. infecting centrarchids and Henneguya spp. (Myxobolidae) infecting percids. Histological sections of infected gill revealed intra-lamellar plasmodia of M. intralamina n. sp. within the lumen of the lamellar arterioles and plasmodia of M. infrabractea n. sp. developing beneath the scales. These new species comprise the first species of Myxobolus reported from a black bass (Micropterus Lacepède, 1802) in the Southeast United States.     

Report on the Polycystididae (Rhabdocoela, Kalyptorhynchia) from Australia, with the Description of Twelve New Species and Six New Genera

Twelve new species of Polycystididae Graff, 1905 are described from the Australian east coast. Nine of them could not be placed in any of the existing genera, and therefore six new genera are erected. Alchoides n. gen. differs from all other polycystidid genera by the presence of a bundle of glands that opens into the distal part of the male atrium (accessory vesicle type V). Two species are included in the genus, A. alchoides n. sp. and A. dittmannae n. sp., which differ from each other in the shape of the stylet. Ametochus gehrkei n. gen n. sp. can be distinguished from other polycystidids by the presence of a prostate vesicle type III associated with a prostate stylet type III, combined with the presence of an accessory stylet type III, while a prostate stylet type II is lacking. Typical for Arrawarria inexpectata n. gen n. sp. is the combined presence of an armed cirrus with a prostate vesicle type II connected to a prostate stylet type II. Two species are assigned to the new genus Duplexostylus n. gen.: D. rowei n. sp. and D. winsori n. sp. These two species have two unique features: a prostate vesicle type IV directly connected to a prostate stylet type III and an asymmetrical septum that surrounds the proximal part of the male atrium. They can be distinguished from each other by differences in the detailed construction of their stylets. Two new species are placed in the new genus Stradorhynchus n. gen.: S. caecus n. sp. and S. terminalis n. sp. They have unpaired gonads and a prostate vesicle type IV connected to a prostate stylet type IV, which combination of characters makes them unique within the Polycystididae. The two species differ from each other in the shape and size of the stylet. Triaustrorhynchus armatus n. gen., n. sp. is the first species of the Polycystididae to have three types of stylet in the male atrium: a prostate stylet type II, a prostate stylet type III and an accessory stylet type III. Three new species could be placed in existing genera: Cincturorhynchus monaculeus n. sp., Paraustrorhynchus caligatus n. sp. and Polycystis australis n. sp. All three differ from their congeners in the form and dimensions of their stylets. All newly described species are discussed, giving their similarities and differences with resembling species. Austrorhynchus hawaiiensis Karling, 1977 is reported for the first time in Australia, and the Australian population is compared with populations from other regions. The presence of Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831, one new species of Paulodora Marcus, 1948 and a new genus of Typhlopolycystidinae Evdonin, 1977 is mentioned.     

A new parasitic copepod species of Tautochondria (Siphonostomatoida: Hyponeoidae), found in the narrowmouthed catshark Schroederichthys bivius from the Strait of Magellan

Hyponeoidae is a copepod family that is rare around the world, with only three species described until now. Recently, a hyponeoid copepod was found in the narrowmouthed catshark, Schroederichthys bivius, from Chile, which has not been formally described. The objective of this study is to describe morphologically a new species of Hyponeoidae, from samples of the Strait of Magellan, Southern Chile. Also, a genetic analysis, based on the COI gene, was used to determine the relatedness of the new hyponeoid species to other copepods from Siphonostomatoida, which were available in the GenBank platform. The new species belongs to the genus Tautochondria and is here described as T. magellanica n. sp. This species differs from T. dolichoura mainly in the presence of long process at each side of the buccal cone, the absence of lobes on the head and short processes on the genital complex. According to the genetic sequences, T. magellanica n. sp. was not closely related to any other species. Therefore, this result confirms that Hyponeoidae is a separate family. However, the relatedness to other genera in Siphonostomatoida is still unknown.     

Two new species of harvestmen (Opiliones,Eupnoi, Neopilionidae) from Waitomo,New Zealand

Two new species of harvestman (Opiliones: Neopilionidae: Enantiobuninae) are described from the Waitomo region of the North Island, New Zealand, Forsteropsalis bona sp. n. and F. photophaga sp. n. Both have been collected within caves in the region, where predation on glow-worms Arachnocampa luminosa has been previously recorded for one or both species (misidentified as ‘Megalopsalis tumida’). However, both are regarded as troglophiles rather than strict troglobites due to the presence of specimens outside the cave systems, and the absence of troglobitic adaptations. Megalopsalis tumida (Forster, 1944) is identified as a junior synonym of Forsteropsalis fabulosa (Phillipps & Grimmett, 1932).     

New ideas on the system of the Permian <Emphasis Type="Italic">Inoceramus</Emphasis>-like bivalves of the eastern Boreal zone

New concepts of systematics and phylogeny of the Permian Inoceramus-like bivalve mollusks of the eastern part of the Boreal zone are discussed based on analysis of the group’s historical development. All taxa studied are referred to the family Kolymiidae Kusnezov, which is divided into two subfamilies, Kolymiinae and Atomodesmatinae. In the subfamily Kolymiinae, two new genera are described: Praekolymia with the type species P. archboldi sp. nov. and P. urbajtisae sp. nov., and Taimyrokolymia with the type species T. ustritskyi sp. nov. In the subfamily Atomodesmatinae, two new genera, Costatoaphanaia and Okhotodesma, are described. The development of the group is shown to be generally autochthonous with some invasions (genus Atomodesma and, probably, Trabeculatia) from extraboreal regions.     

Two new genera of the family Derbidae from the new world,with description of recent and an extinct miocene new species (Homoptera,Fulgoroidea)

Two new species of the family Derbidae are described. Anticedusa gen. n. (tribe Cedusini) includes the recent A. loisae sp. n. (type species) from Costa Rica and A. dominicana sp. n. from the Miocene Dominican amber. Cedochrusa gen. n. (type species Cedusa quixoa Kramer from Panama) of the tribe Cedochreini also contains a new species, Cedochrusa luculenta sp. n. from Costa Rica. A new subtribe Eocenchreina subtrib. n. comprising genera Eocenchrea Muir, Melusa Em., and Anticedusa gen. n. is erected for Cedusini with the achilid venation of the clavus.     

The oldest Cenozoic passandrid (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Passandridae) from the Paleocene of Menat (France)

The new oldest representative of the subfamily Passandrinae (Passandridae) was found in materials from Menat (Puy-de-Dôme, France). It was preliminarily assigned to the genus Passandra Dalman in Schönherr, 1817, although the new species (?) Passandra plenaria sp. n., in contrast to other congeners, demonstrates an exposed labrum and an absence of preapical groove or impression on the hypopygidum. Some notes on fossil records and classification of the family Passandridae are made. The distinctiveness of the families Passandridae and Laemophloeidae in light of the new data on fossils is considered, and the attribution of Mesopassandra Jin, Ślipiński, Zhou and Pang, 2019 (type genus of Mesopassandrinae) to the family Passandridae is regarded as problematic.