表油菜素内酯对月季切花衰老的影响

0.5mg·L~(-1)表油菜素内酯明显缓解水分对月季切花的胁迫,促进切花体内水分平衡的改善和还原糖含量的增加,抑制花瓣溶质外渗,从而延缓切花衰老。     

不同保鲜剂对百合切花衰老的影响

新铁炮百合(LiliumlongiflorumThunb.)采自武汉花卉开发中心,选取含苞待放、单头、健壮、大小均匀一致长约70cm的花枝为材料。瓶插前修枝,保留顶端一片小叶,水下修剪成35cm。5种保鲜剂处理:处理1为40mg·L-1苯甲酸+20g·L-1蔗糖(S)+200mg·L-18-羟基喹啉(8-HQ)+200mg·L-1柠檬酸(CA)+50mg·L-1Al2(SO4)3;处理2为100mg·L-1水杨酸+20g·L-1S+200mg·L-18-HQ+200mg·L-1CA+50mg·L-1Al2(SO4)3;处理3为20g·L-1S+200mg·L-18-HQ+200mg·L-1CA+50mg·L-1Al2(SO4)3;处理4为20g·L-1S+200mg·L-18-HQ;将各处理的pH值调至4.5～5…     

杜鹃的组织培养及快速繁殖

1 植物名称 杜鹃(Rhododendron simsii)品种“Hellmut Vogel。2 材料类别 叶片。3 培养条件 培养基:(1)WPM+TDZ(苯基噻二唑基脲)0.2 mg·L~(-1)(单位下同)+NAA 0.5;(2)WPM+TDZ 0.5;(3)WPM+IAA 1.75+活性炭0.25％。上述培养基中均附加白糖30 g·L~(-1) ,琼脂7g·L~(-1);pH 5.0。培养温度20～23℃,每天光照16 h,光照度2000 lx。     

观赏凤梨高效离体快繁影响因素的研究

以侧芽为外植体材料,对其组织培养的各个阶段进行了研究。结果表明:品种对外植体的污染率、褐变率、芽诱导率及丛生芽增殖倍数均有显著影响;外源激素的种类和浓度在芽诱导分化、增殖、生根等各个阶段都是主要的影响因素;外植体在1/2MS+NAA0.2mg·L~(-1)+6-BA2mg·L~(-1)上,48d后芽开始分化,诱导率为40%,平均芽分化数为6个,诱导分化效果最好;芽增殖培养阶段,若培养基中仅含6-BA,且浓度在0~4mg·L~(-1)之间,芽增殖倍数随其浓度增大而增大;若培养基中仅含NAA,且其浓度为0.2mg·L-1时,增殖倍数最大;培养基中同时添加6-BA和NAA,比单独添加6-BA或NAA时,芽的增殖效果好,且在6-BA3mg·L~(-1)+NAA0.5mg·L~(-1)的MS培养基上,G.dissitisflora和G.‘Claret’增殖倍数最大,分别为5.24和3.84;在任何相同的培养基上,G.dissitisflora的增殖倍数显著高于G.‘Claret’;小苗在含有NAA0.5mg·L~(-1)+IBA0·5mg·L~(-1)的生根培养基上生长,生根率可达91.03%,平均根数为5.3条/株,生根效果较好。     

血叶兰的组织培养和快速繁殖

1 植物名称 血叶兰(Ludisia discolor),又名石上藕、小叶石蚕。2 材料类别 顶芽和带节的嫩茎段。3 培养条件 (1)诱导类原球茎的培养基:MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L~(-1) (单位下同)+NAA 0.2;(2)类原球茎增殖的液体培养基:1/2MS+6-BA 1.0+NAA 0.3+椰乳200 mL·L~(-1);(3)类原球茎的分化培养基:MS+6-BA 1.0+IAA 0.3十椰乳 200 mL·     

金椒草的组织培养和快速繁殖

1 植物名称 金椒草(Cryptocoryne costata)。2 材料类别 茎尖。3 培养条件 (1)诱导芽培养基:1/3MS+6-BA1.0 mg·L~(-1) (单位下同)+IBA 0.1+3％蔗糖;(2)增殖培养基:MS+6-BA 1.5+IBA 0.1+3％蔗糖;(3)生根培养基:1/2MS+6-BA 0.1+IBA0.5+2.5％蔗糖。上述培养基均加入5.0 g·L~(-1)倍力凝(一种微生物多糖固化剂),培养温度为18～25℃,pH 5.8,光照度为1500～2000lx,光照时间10 h.d~(-1)。     

硝酸镧对马铃薯试管苗生长的影响

用含0、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0mg·L~(-1)8种浓度硝酸镧的MS培养基处理马铃薯脱毒试管苗的结果表明,2mg·L~(-1)的硝酸镧对试管苗株高有显著促进,2.5mg·L~(-1)的硝酸镧对其茎粗和生物产量有极显著的促进;过高的硝酸镧浓度对试管苗有一定的抑制。     

半边莲的离体快速繁殖

1 植物名称 半边莲(Lobelia chinensis)。2 材料类别 匍匐茎之顶芽和茎段。3 培养条件(1)芽诱导培养基:MS+6-BA 3mg·L~(-1)(单位下同)+NAA 0.9;(2)芽增殖培养基:MS+6-BA 3+NAA 0.6;(3)生根培养基:MS+NAA 0.6。上述培养基各加 3％蔗糖,0.7％琼脂,pH 5.8,培养温度为(25±1)℃,光照12 h·d~(-1),光照度2000 lx。     

多效唑在蔓性千斤拔上应用的初步研究

为了解生长调节剂提高蔓性千斤拔产量的方法及机理,进行多效唑对蔓性千斤拔的化控试验。在蔓性千斤拔初花期,设30、60和90株·m~(-2)3个植株密度,用浓度为0、300、600、900 mg·L~(-1)的多效唑对蔓性千斤拔进行叶面喷施,测定叶绿素、叶面积、叶面积指数及药材产量。结果表明,植株密度为60株·m~(-2)、多效唑喷施浓度为600 mg·L~(-1)的处理,蔓性千斤拔叶绿素含量显著高于其它处理,叶面积和叶面积指数适度缩小,药材干重提高了16.7%。初步确定蔓性千斤拔增产效果最好的植株密度为60株·m~(-2)、多效唑喷施浓度为600 mg·L~(-1)。     

紫叶石楠的组织培养与快速繁殖

1 植物名称 紫叶石楠(Photinia fraseri)。2 材料类别 当年生新梢。3 培养条件 基本培养基为MS。(1)诱导休眠芽萌动培养基:MS+NAA 0.05 mg·L~(-1)(单位下同)+6-BA 2.0;(2)芽增殖培养基:MS+IAA0.2+6-BA1.5;(3)壮苗培养基:MS+NAA 0.5+6-BA 0.5;(4)生根培养基:1/2MS+NAA 0.5+IBA     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。