弯孢虫疫霉的分离和鉴定

1984—1987年,在福建的南平、福州、南安等地持续发生了由弯孢虫疫霉(Eryniacurvlspora)感染而引起库蚊(culex sp.)成虫死亡的流行病,病原菌分生孢子梗掌状分枝;分生孢子浅绿色,窄而长,略弯曲,单核,双囊壁,含有多个小脂肪粒,大小29.7—39.6×13.2—19.8(平均32.5×16.1)μm,长宽比1.5—3.0(平均2.0);次生分生孢子梨形,基部为钝的乳突,中间有一大的脂肪粒,孢子大小16.6—19.9×11.6—14.9(平均18.7×13.7)μm;休眠孢子球形,棕褐色,直径23.2—33.2(平均29.5)μm;有假根及囊状体。     

侵染双翅目昆虫的新种、新记录、新组合及新修订

记录了最近在中国记载的侵染双翅目昆虫的虫霉目两个新种,毛蚊虫疠霉(Pandora bibionis)发现于浙江庆元的毛蚊(Bibio sp),其初生分生孢子拟卵形,多对称144～20.5×7.2～11.5μm(平均16．5～174×8.4～10.4μm), L／D 1.4～2.3(平均1.7～2.0);假根2倍粗于分生孢子梗,末端膨大为吸盘状固着器;休眠孢子外壁刺毛状,19．1～23.4μm。食蚜蝇干尸霉(Tarichium syrphis)发现于陕西镇坪县的斑翅狭口食蚜蝇上,其休眠孢子外被圆锥形长刺,长2.2～5.0μm,直径21.2～28.1μm。在毛蠓上发现中国新记录胶孢虫疠霉,并根据本文所采用的Humber(1989)系统,将其组合为胶孢虫瘴霉(Furia gloeosora comb. Nov.);此外,还将北虫疫霉(Erynia borea)组合为北虫疠霉(Pandoraborea comb. Nov.),并同时给予修订。     

广东省侵染摇蚊的库蚊虫霉研究

在中国首次报道了侵染摇蚊的库蚊虫霉(Entomophtora culichs)的形态特征、侵染症状以及发生动态等。库蚊虫霉初生分生孢子,钟罩形,顶部有一明显小尖突,(14.6±1.5)μm×(10.8±1.2)μm。次生分生孢子形似初生分生孢子,但略小,(11.0±1.1)μm×(8.0±0.5)μm。休眠孢子,球形至亚球形,直径(29.3±1.9)μm。被侵染摇蚊尸体以假根附着于基物上,通体覆盖着绿色的真菌子实层。库蚊虫霉侵染率在不同植物上明显不同。库蚊虫霉侵染率随季节不同波动很大,春季最高达90.2%,其次为秋季和冬季,夏季最低为0。2006—2009年库蚊虫霉侵染率为93.5%～95.7%,年际之间变动不大。     

舍蝇的寄生真菌——堪萨虫霉

本文报道了在福建南平地区引起舍蝇(Musca domestica vicina Macquart)流行病的堪萨虫霉(Entomophthora kansana Hutchison)的鉴定工作。该菌子生孢子梨形,大小29.2—49.5×23.1—42.9/μm,平均39.6×31.4μm.次生分生孢子近球形,基部平截,平均大小23.8×21.7μm,虫菌体球形或近球形。假根,囊状体及休眼孢子缺乏。     

蚜虫的病原真菌新种——安徽虫疫霉

1984年初冬在安徽长江南北大面积蔬菜的桃蚜种群中发生真菌流行病。病原鉴定为虫霉目新种安徽虫疫霉(Erynia anhuiensis Li sp.nov)。分生孢子梗二歧分枝;初生分生孢子单核,双囊壁,长椭圆形、长卵形或倒拟卵形,前二者大小为17.1—33.3×5.9—12.9μm(平均24.7×8.3),长径比2.0—5.4(平均3.0),后者12.6—30.8×8.1—16.5μm(平均22.7×11.6),长径比1.4—2.5(平均2.0);有囊状体及假根,假根有固着器。外休眠孢子球形,光滑,透明,直径22.1—31.9μm(平均26.6)     

冠耳霉的分离和鉴定

本文报道了在福建南平发现的感染毛蠓(PsycAoda sp.)成虫的冠耳霉(Conidiobolutcoronatus)有关分离、培养和鉴定等工作。在虫尸上,分生孢子卵圆形至梨形,大小13.6—30.6×13.6—20.4μm,平均23.6×16.8μm。未见囊状体、假根及休眠孢子。易于人工培养。在培养基上初生分生孢子球形,直径26.4—49.6μm,平均37.8μm。初生分生孢子容易萌发,形成次生分生孢子、以及三生分生孢子、四生分生孢子。许多小型分生孢子外生于初生分生孢子上,卵形,平均大小16.5×13.2μm。分生孢子还可以转化成长柔毛分生孢子。     

沫蝉的病原真菌新种——巨孢虫疫霉(英文)

在浙江省百山祖自然保护区虫生真菌调查中发现松树上的菱沫蝉(Agrophora sp.)的新病原真菌一种,因其分生孢子远大于任何已知种虫疫霉,故定为新种巨孢虫疫霉(Eryniagigantea Li,Chert et Xu)。其初生分生孢子长倒拟卵形或拟纺锤形,对称或略弯曲,42.6—76.7×l 2.3—26.0μm(平均57.6×l 8.6μm),长径比2.2—4.9(平均3.1);顶稍圆或尖削;基部乳突略钝,有时有孢领。次生分生孢子倒拟卵形至广倒拟卵形;毛管分生孢子未见。假根成束。假囊状体及休眠孢子未见。     

沫蝉的病原真菌新种——巨孢虫疫霉

在浙江省百山祖自然保护区虫生真菌调查中发现松树上的菱沫蝉(Agrophora sp.)的新病原真菌一种,因其分生孢子远大于任何已知种虫疫霉,故定为新种巨孢虫疫霉(Eryniagigantea Li,Chert et Xu)。其初生分生孢子长倒拟卵形或拟纺锤形,对称或略弯曲,42.6—76.7×l 2.3—26.0μm(平均57.6×l 8.6μm),长径比2.2—4.9(平均3.1);顶稍圆或尖削;基部乳突略钝,有时有孢领。次生分生孢子倒拟卵形至广倒拟卵形;毛管分生孢子未见。假根成束。假囊状体及休眠孢子未见。     

异孢耳霉的分离和鉴定

本文报道了1987年冬季在南平地区分离的一个腐生耳霉新纪录——异孢耳霉(Conidiobolus incongruus),分生孢子梗无色,不分叉,6—10×50—130μm,分生孢子无色,多数球形,少数亚球形至椭圆形,13—33×16—35μm,易萌发,多数形成菌丝体,少数可形成次生分生孢子或三生分生孢子,弹射在水琼脂上的分生孢子常能迅速产生小分生孢子。接合孢子球形,淡黄色,光滑,直径18—29μm,壁厚2.5—5μm。     

异孢耳霉的分离和鉴定*

本文报道了1987年冬季在南平地区分离的一个腐生耳霉新纪录——异孢耳霉(Conidiobolus incongruus),分生孢子梗无色,不分叉,6—10×50—130μm,分生孢子无色,多数球形,少数亚球形至椭圆形,13—33×16—35μm,易萌发,多数形成菌丝体,少数可形成次生分生孢子或三生分生孢子,弹射在水琼脂上的分生孢子常能迅速产生小分生孢子。接合孢子球形,淡黄色,光滑,直径18—29μm,壁厚2.5—5μm。     

虫疫霉属新种和中国新记录

本文报道了虫疫霉属2个新种及1个中国新记录种。新种北虫疫霉(Eryniaborea Fan et Li sp.nov.)发生于西北及东北地区的丽蝇成虫体上,菜叶蜂虫疫霉(Eryniaathaliae Li et Fan sp.nov)发生于陕西杨陵的黄翅菜叶蜂幼虫;新记录种近藤虫疫霉(Erynia kondoiensis Milner)发生于福州的烟蚜虫体上。本文详细描述了新种的形态。     

Two New Species of Eimeria from Colubrid Snakes in Iowa*

SYNOPSIS. Oocysts of Eimeria natricis sp. n. and Eimeria sipedon sp. n. were isolated from 2 Northern Water Snakes, Natrix sipedon sipedon (Linnaeus), in Iowa. Oocysts of E. natricis were elongate, slightly ovoid, averaging in size 32.3 × 17.5 μm; sporocysts averaged 15.7 × 8.2 μm. Oocysts of E. sipedon were broadly ovoid averaging in size 18.0 × 15.9 μm; sporocysts averaged 12.0 × 7.4 μm. In both species, sporocyst residua were present, but micropyles, polar granules and oocyst residua were lacking.     

Two New Species of Eimeria from Peacocks (Pavo cristatus) in Saudi Arabia1

Fifteen fecal samples from peacocks (Pavo cristatus) in Saudi Arabia contained oocysts of Eimeria riyadhae n. sp. in two peacocks and oocysts of E. arabica n. sp. in one peacock. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria riyadhae are ellipsoidal, 27–30.5 times 20.5–25 (28.8 ± 1.3 × 22.4 ± 1.6) μm, with a two-layered wall and bilobed polar body, but without a micropyle or residuum. The sporocysts are ovoid, 11–14.5 × 6.5–8 (13.2 ± 1.2 × 7.2 ± 0.6) μm with a thick, knob-like Stieda body and a residuum. Sporulated oocysts of Eimena arabica are spheroidal, 17.5–21.5 × 17.5–21.5 (19.2 ± 1.6 × 19.2 ± 1.6) μm, with a two-layered wall and two refractile polar bodies, but without a micropyle or residuum. The sporocysts are elongate ovoid, 9.5–12 × 4–6.5 (11.2 ± 0.9 × 5.5 ± 0.88), with a small crescent-shaped Stieda body. The host bird belongs to the order Galliformis.     

Coccidian Parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Insectivores. VI. Six New Species from the Eastern Mole,Scalopus aquaticus1

ABSTRACT Thirteen eastern moles, Scalopus aquaticus, collected in West Texas were examined for coccidian oocysts; 11 (85%) were infected and eight (73%) of these had multiple infections representing two or more species. One cyclosporan, three eimerians, and two isosporans were studied and all are described as new species. Sporulated oocysts of Cyclospora megacephali n. sp. were subspheroidal, 18.5 × 15.7 (14–21 × 12–18) μm; they had sporocysts pointed at one end with Stieda bodies nearly as wide as the sporocysts themselves, and were 15.0 × 7.2 (11–17 × 6–9) μm; C. megacephali was found in four (31%) hosts. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria scalopi n. sp. were spheroidal to subspheroidal, 13.6 × 12.6 (11–17 × 11–15) μm with sporocysts lemon-shaped, 8.7 × 5.5 (7–10 × 4–7) μm; it was found in six (46%) hosts. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria aquatici n. sp. were asymmetrically ellipsoidal, 17.0 × 10.6 (14–20 × 9–14) μm, with sporocysts elongately ovoidal, 9.0 × 5.2 (8–11 × 4–6) μm; it was found in two (15%) hosts. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria motleiensis n. sp. were subspheroidal, 17.0 × 15.3 (15–20 × 13–18) μm with sporocysts ovoidal, 10.7 × 6.8 (10–13 × 6–8) μm; it was found in seven (54%) hosts. Sporulated oocysts of Isospora motleiensis n. sp. were spheroidal to subspheroidal, 13.6 × 12.0 (10–17 × 8–15) μm with sporocysts broadly ovoidal, 9.5 × 6.7 (7–11 × 4–8) μm; it was found in nine (69%) hosts. Sporulated oocysts of Isospora aquatici n. sp. were subspheroidal, 20.9 × 18.4 (15–24 × 13–21) μm with sporocysts ellipsoidal, 11.8 × 9.0 (9–14 × 7–11) μm; it was found in two (15%) hosts.     

Sphaeromyxa maiyai sp. n. (Protozoa: Myxosporidea), Coelozoic Parasite of the Pacific Tomcod,Microgadus proxiimus*

SYNOPSIS. Sphaeromyxa maiyai sp. n. (Myxosporidea: Myxiidae) is described from the gall bladder of the Pacific tomcod Microgadus proximus Girard, from Newport, Oregon. The plasmodial stage is discoid averaging between 1 and 2 cm. The spore averages 27.6 × 5.6 μm in breadth, with pyriform polar capsules measuring 9.3 × 3.7 μm. Scanning electron microscopy reveals the presence of numerous longitudinal striations.     

尘白灯蛾的病原真菌新种——福建虫瘴霉

本文报道了采自福建南平尘白灯蛾的病原真菌新种:福建虫瘴霉(Furia fujianaHuang et z.z.Li sp.nov)该菌分生孢子单核,双囊壁,倒卵形,16.0-25.8 ×8.4-18.4μm,平均20.0×9.9μm,长径比1.5-3.0,平均2.0。次生分生孢子梨形,平均18.4×11.7μm。分生孢子梗棍棒状,二歧分枝或单枝。有假根和囊状体,基本等粗于孢子梗。假根不形成明显分化的固着器。休眠孢子光滑,20.3—22.8μm。     

Eimeria tahamensis N. Sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Arabian Quail (Coturnix delegorguei arabica)1

Eimeria tahamensis n. sp. is described from the harlequin quail (Coturnix delegorguei arabica) from Tahama, Saudi Arabia. The sporulated oocysts of E. tahamensis n. sp. are ellipsoid, 36.5–42 × 25.5–29 (41.2 ± 1.34 × 28.4 ± 0.81) μm, with a thick two-layered wall and one polar granule but without a micropyle or an oocyst residuum. The sporocysts are ovoid, 14–16 × 9–11.5 (15.3 ± 0.7 × 10.8 ± 0.64) μm, with a knob-like Stieda body and sporocyst residuum, but without a substiedal body. The sporozoites are often located transversely at the two ends of the sporocysts. The host bird belongs to the order Galliformes.