Vero细胞法检测白喉抗毒素的研究

参照Ｍｉｙａｍｕｒａ等报道,建立了微量细胞培养检测白喉抗毒素的方法。以家兔皮肤试验为参照,Ｖｅｒｏ细胞培养法敏感度为９８．１１％,特异度为８４．００％,符合率为９６．２０％,相关系数ｒ＝０．９３,在白喉血清抗毒素测定中值得推广     

用抗毒素放射免疫分析测定人群白喉免疫的研究

<正>绪言 通过皮肤(锡克氏)试验或抗毒素的各种血清学试验可以测定白喉的免疫。关于锡克氏试验的人群观察既费时间又费用大。它需要经过医务工作者来往三次:首先是做试验,其二是观察反应3—5天。反应阳性的对象(白喉易感的那些人)常有一种痛的赤热反应,在毒素注射部位可持续几天或几周。本研究,作者用白喉抗毒素放射免疫测定首先在12岁的儿童组估价白喉的免疫,这些儿童也做过锡克氏试验,后两组儿童未做过锡克氏试验。该试验适合以刺指收集血样,取出血清放到标准层析纸园盘上。这种筒易的操作,对于白喉免疫的人群观察是理想的。     

068重组葡萄球菌株诱生白喉抗毒素

以非致病性菌株表达目的抗原,可望诱导有效的免疫应答,其中以革兰阳性的木糖葡萄球菌、肉质葡萄球菌尤为安全、高效.它们与金黄色葡萄球菌有低水平的DNA同源性,但却不产生有致病力的毒素、溶血素、凝集素、蛋白A等,可作为抗原的活载体,有效表达全部或部分抗原成分,诱导持久的体液免疫反应.本实验旨在研究毒性蛋白上某一定义完整的结构域能否被表达在这两种菌株表面,它们能否在小鼠体内诱生中和抗体.已知,白喉毒素(DT)的382～535氨基酸片段是结构完整的区域,为受体结合域DTR.     

一种提高破伤风类毒素马匹免疫成功率的方法

采用抗原加倍方法用于成率率低于705群的巴匹免疫,结果显示,进一步免疫成功的马匹明显多于常规免疫（P＜0．05）,免疫效价和死亡率无明显变化（P＞0．05）。     

全合成白喉菌苗的成功免疫

<正>以合成方法来预防接种以取代经典菌苗或发展菌苗的目标尚未奏效。目标中的菌苗应含有合成的特异性抗原决定簇和适宜的佐剂。就蛋白质抗原而言,分子的空间构象对其特异性是极为重要的。我们很早就提出,将类似鸡蛋白溶菌酶的免疫性强的构象从属     

测定血清中白喉抗毒素含量的Vero细胞试验的改进

<正>Vero细胞试验已经被应用在测定人血清中白喉抗毒素的保护力或者通过测定免疫小鼠血清中抗毒素滴度评价白喉类毒素的效力。 白喉毒素能抑制培养物中Vero细胞的新陈代谢和存活,这种毒素效应可以被血清样品中的白喉抗毒素中和。在Vero细胞上,血清样品的滴度在有固定量的白喉毒素存在时被测出。Vero试验是根据在微     

双佐剂包被的破伤风类毒素马匹免疫试验

为提高破伤风免疫马匹的血浆抗体效价,应用不同佐剂配制TT抗原,进行马匹超免疫比较研究;采用FIA和植物油双佐剂包被与单佐剂包被的TT抗原,注射马匹进行超免疫,比较三组血浆的效价;结果显示,双佐剂抗原较单佐剂的免疫效果好,但可能对马匹刺激较强,有待调整注射剂量和免疫程序。     

PURIFICATION AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN

Purified preparations of diphtheria antitoxin have been obtained by digestion of the toxin-antitoxin complex with trypsin, followed by fractional precipitation with ammonium sulfate. The various fractions obtained in this way are all 90 per cent or more precipitated by diphtheria toxin but combine with different quantities of the toxin. The fraction precipitated between 0.33 and 0.5 saturated ammonium sulfate is homogeneous by electrophoresis and ultracentrifuge but does not have constant solubility. A small amount of a more soluble fraction has been obtained which does have constant solubility and satisfies the criteria of a pure protein. This protein crystallizes readily in poorly formed thin plates. It is very unstable and reverts to a less soluble non-crystallizable form. It has a sedimentation constant of 5.7 x 10^–13 and a molecular weight of 90,500. It has an antitoxic value of 700–900 flocculation units per mg. protein nitrogen and has an antitoxic value by the protection test of about 700 units per mg. protein nitrogen. The precipitation range of the purified antitoxin with purified toxin is much wider than that with crude preparations.     

PURIFIED DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN IN THE ULTRACENTRIFUGE AND IN THE ELECTROPHORESIS APPARATUS

Ultracentrifugation studies of diphtheria antitoxin showed that: 1. Purified antitoxin of high activity obtained from horse plasma without enzymatic treatment has exactly the same sedimentation constant as the globulin fraction obtained in a similar way from normal horse plasma s ₂₀ ^water = 6.9 x 10^–13. 2. Purified antitoxin obtained with trypsin digestion of the toxin-antitoxin complex has a sedimentation constant of s ₂₀ ^water = 5.5 ± 0.1 x 10^–13, a diffusion constant of D ₂₀ ^water = 5.7₆ x 10^–7, and a molecular weight of about 90,000. Electrophoresis experiments demonstrated that: 1. The trypsin-purified antitoxin has an isoelectric point not far from pH 7.0. 2. The reversible spreading noticed at about pH 7.3 cannot be attributed to heterogeneous preparation. 3. The large increase in the γ-globulin fraction occurring during immunization consists either of antitoxin of various degrees of activity or of some inert protein in addition to the antitoxin.