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1.
Martina Klempt Birgit Rathkolb Edith Fuchs Martin Hrabé de Angelis Eckhard Wolf Bernhard Aigner 《Mammalian genome》2006,17(2):93-102
Mice are important models for biomedical research because of the possibility of standardizing genetic background and environmental
conditions, which both affect phenotypic variability. Inbred mouse strains as well as F1 hybrid mice are routinely used as genetically defined animal models; however, only a few studies investigated the variance
of phenotypic parameters in inbred versus F1 hybrid mice and the potential interference of the genetic background with different housing conditions. Thus, we analyzed
the ranges of clinical chemical and hematologic parameters in C3H and C57BL/6 inbred mice and their reciprocal F1 hybrids (B6C3F1, C3B6F1) in two different mouse facilities. Two thirds of the blood parameters examined in the same strain
differed between the facilities for both the inbred strains and the F1 hybrid lines. The relation of the values between inbred and F1 hybrid mice was also affected by the facility. The variance of blood parameters in F1 hybrid mice compared with their parental inbred strains was inconsistent in one facility but generally smaller in the other
facility. A subsequent study of F1 hybrid animals derived from the parental strains C3H and BALB/c, which was done in the latter housing unit, detected no general
difference in the variance of blood parameters between F1 hybrid and inbred mice. Our study clearly demonstrates the possibility of major interactions between genotype and environment
regarding the variance of clinical chemical and hematologic parameters. 相似文献
2.
Influences of inbreeding and genetics on telomere length in mice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We measured telomere lengths of blood leukocytes in several inbred and outbred mammalian species, using a telomere-specific
fluorescent probe and flow cytometry. Humans, non-human primates, and three outbred populations of Peromyscus mice (Peromyscus leucopus, Peromyscus maniculatus, and Peromyscus polionotus) have short telomeres. Two common strains of laboratory mice, C57BL/6J and DBA/2J, have telomeres several times longer than
most other mammals surveyed. Moreover, the two inbred laboratory mouse strains display significantly different telomere lengths,
suggesting the existence of strain-specific genetic determinants. To further examine the effects of inbreeding, we studied
three Peromyscus leucopus inbred lines (GS109, GS16A1, and GS16B), all derived from the outbred P. leucopus stock. Telomeres of all three inbred lines are significantly lengthened relative to outbred P. leucopus, and the three lines display strain-specific significantly different telomere lengths, much like the C57BL/6J and DBA/2J strains
of M. musculus. To further characterize the genetic inheritance of telomere length, we carried out several crosses to obtain hybrid F1 mice between parental strains displaying the phenotype of long and short telomeres. In all F1 mice assayed, peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length was intermediate to that of the parents. Additionally, we generated
F2 mice from a cross of the (P. leucopus outbred × GS16B)F1. Based on the distribution of telomere length in the F2 population, we determined that more than five loci contribute to telomere length regulation in Peromyscus. We concluded that inbreeding, through unknown mechanisms, results in the elongation of telomeres, and that telomere length
for a given species and/or sub-strain is genetically determined by multiple segregating loci. 相似文献
3.
Female mice of 15 inbred strains in which males express the H-2-linked sex-limited protein (Slp) were tested for the production of this protein. Four inbred strains (FM, LG/J, NZB, PL/J) were found in which females produce Slp in the absence of hormonal manipulation. Crosses have been made between strains FM, NZB, or PL/J and several Slp-negative strains. Slp-typing of the F1, F2, and backcross progeny, as well as of a number of recombinant inbred strains, indicates that production of Slp by normal females of these strains depends upon the concurrent presence of an Slp-positive,H-t2-linked allele and of permissive alleles of one or two non-H-2 autosomal genes. Complementation studies with two of the strains (FM and PL) indicate that an identical genetic mechanism mediates expression of Slp in females of these two strains. FM-derived animals carrying the testicular feminization mutation (tfm) also express Slp, as do castrated NZB mice, indicating that Slp expression in these instances is not dependent upon testosterone as it is in other inbred strains. It is concluded from these results that genes distinct from the putative structural gene for Slp influence the sex-limitation of its expression. 相似文献
4.
Diana M. Popp 《Immunogenetics》1979,9(1):125-135
Two congenic strains of mice were identified that differ in their serum immunoglobulin levels. The strains were crossed, the F1 progeny were intercrossed, and the serum immunoglobulin levels of the F1 and F2 progeny were analyzed. The F1 mice have serum immunoglobulin levels like that of the high parent, and the low-immunoglobulin phenotype segregates in the F2 population. Six other inbred strains of mice were also characterized for basal serum levels of five classes of immunoglobulin. 相似文献
5.
R. A. K. Moustafa D. R. Duncan J. M. Widholm 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1989,17(2-3):121-132
Regenerable maize calli of two inbred lines were exposed to 0 to 100 Gy of gamma rays or treated with 0 to 30 mM of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) to determine their effect on growth and plant regeneration capability. Both growth and plant regeneration capacity decreased with increasing levels of either gamma radiation or ENU; however, plant regeneration capacity was more sensitive to either agent than growth. The 50% inhibition dose (I50) for callus growth (fresh-weight gain) was approximately 100 Gy of gamma radiation and 30 mM ENU. The I50 for plant regeneration capacity of treated callus was approximately 25 Gy of gamma radiation and 2.5 mM ENU. The decrease in plant regeneration capacity correlated with a change in tissue composition of the treated callus from a hard, yellow and opaque tissue to a soft, grayish-yellow and translucent tissue. This change was quantified by measuring the reduction of MnO4
- to MnO2 (PR assay) by the callus. These results suggest that the effect of gamma radiation or ENU on plant regeneration capacity must be taken into consideration if these potentially mutagenic agents are to be used on maize callus cultures, for the purpose of producing useful mutations at a whole plant level. The data also suggest that the PR assay may be useful for predicting the actual plant regeneration capacity of maize callus.Abbreviations g f.w.
gram fresh weight
- ENU
N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea
- PR assay
permanganate reduction assay
- I50
50% inhibition dose 相似文献
6.
(1) Inbred strains of mice when immunized withp-aminobenzoic acid and sulphanilic acid bound by diazo-linkage to the same protein carrier molecule (bovine gamma globulin)
differ in their ability to respond by antibody formation. The strains A and CBA/J form only low levels of antibodies to the
haptens after immunization; in strains ScSN and B10.LP the same high titers of antibodies to both haptens were found under
these conditions. The strain B10.D2 forms antibodies well to sulphanilic acid, antip-aminobenzoic acid antibodies are formed only in very low quantity. (2) Individual mice of an inbred strain form a homogeneous
population in respect of their capability or inability to form a particular antihapten antibody. The individual titers in
a given inbred strain vary only slightly. On the contrary the noninbred strain H shows great variability both in quantity
and quality of the immune response to the haptens. (3) The crossing of good and poor anti-hapten antibody producing strains
shows in F1; F2 and B1 generation, that the ability to produce antibodies againstp-aminobenzoic and sulphanilic acid depends on the genotype of a given individual. The ability to respond is transmitted to
the offspring as a dominant trait. (4) There is no difference in the response to the haptens between males and females of
the same strain. (5) The antibodies to the haptens in different strains of mice differ in the ratio of 2-mercaptoethanol sensitive
and 2-mercaptoethanol resistant antibody.
Dedicated to Academician Ivan Málek on the occasion of his 60th birthday 相似文献
7.
A further esterase, esterase 11, which exhibits a polymorphism detectable by electrophoresis, has been observed in the house mouse, Mus musculus. In 15 inbred strains and two outbred strains, the ES-11A phenotype has been found, composed of two bands of enzyme activity of greater anodal electrophoretic mobility than the two bands of the ES-11B phenotype found in one inbred strain, one wild stock, and 101 wild mice. In F1 hybrids (IS/Cam×C57 BL/Gr), the phenotype shown corresponds to a mixture of the two parental phenotypes. In backcrosses, ES-11 segregates as an autosomal gene, designated Es-11, closely linked to Es-2 and Es-5 on chromosome 8.This work was supported by the Medical Research Council. 相似文献
8.
Gaping lids, gp, a mutation on centromeric Chromosome 11 that causes defective eyelid development in mice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Diana M. Juriloff Muriel J. Harris Kathleen G. Banks Diana G. Mah 《Mammalian genome》2000,11(6):440-447
In mammals, during fetal development, the eyelids grow and flatten over the eyes and temporarily fuse closed. Failure of
this normal developmental process in mice leads to the defect, open-eyelids-at-birth. Nearly all newborns of the GP/Bc strain,
homozygous for the spontaneous recessive mutation, gaping lids (gp), have bilateral open eyelids at birth, with essentially no fusion between the upper and lower eyelids. Histological sections
and scanning electron microscopy of GP/Bc eyes during the normal period of eyelid growth and fusion indicate that gp/gp mutant fetuses have deficient upper and lower eyelids; surface periderm cells that appear to have some role in eyelid growth
and fusion are present, but lack a normal ``streaming' pattern toward the fusion zone. No other defects due to the gaping
lids mutation were detected. A genetic analysis based on outcrosses of GP/Bc to various linkage marker stocks and to CBA/J
and ICR/Bc normal strains was done. Penetrance in F2 segregants, but not in BC1 segregants, was usually significantly less than 100%, was strongly affected by the identity of
the normal strain used, ranging from 44% to 92%, and indicated a potential complexity of modifiers. Forty-one affected F2 and 120 BC1 segregants from the outcross of GP/Bc to CBA/J, and 23 affected F2 segregants from the outcross to ICR/Bc, were used to map gp to proximal Chr 11 between the centromere and D11Dal1 (Camk2b), an interval previously defined as less than 1 cM. Sets of whole F2 litters from the crosses to CBA/J (n = 106) and ICR/Bc (n = 65) strains were typed for informative SSLPs near gp (D11Mit62 and D11Mit74, respectively) and demonstrated that the segregation ratios in the region are Mendelian. The known genes in the interval,
Nf2 and Lif, do not seem to be obvious candidate genes for gp. An Egfr-null allele was used to confirm the previously reported map position of the potential candidate locus, Egfr, to a more distal interval, between D11Mit62/226 and D11Mit151, from which gp had been excluded. Tests for allelism showed that the Egfr mutation and the gp mutation complement each other, and therefore also indicate that they are at different gene loci. Open-eyelids-at-birth is
associated with several mutations at other loci with variable penetrance owing to modifiers and in other more complex genetic
liabilities in inbred strains, and the genetics of this trait is a model for other genetically complex developmental threshold
traits. The gaping lids mutation identifies a previously unknown locus on proximal Chromosome (Chr) 11 that has a strong role
in fetal eyelid growth.
Received: 13 January 2000 / Accepted: 23 February 2000 相似文献
9.
Submucosal glands (SMG) are important secretory glands that are present in the major airways and bronchioles of humans. In
mice the structure, cellular composition, and density of SMG are similar to those seen in humans, but the glands are present
only in the trachea. Characterization of SMG is important as they secrete bacteriocidal products such as lactoferrin, lysozyme,
and defensins believed to be of importance in the innate defense system. Serous cells in SMG are the primary site of cystic
fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene expression and the initial site of histological abnormality in cystic
fibrosis (CF) individuals. In this study, we examined four inbred strains of mice (A/J, C57BL/6N, FVB/N, and BALB/CAnN) and
revealed that the extent to which glands descend in the mouse trachea varied between inbred strains. In particular, the A/J
and C57BL/6N strains exhibited few SMG extending further than the first or second intercartilaginous space (mean depth of
0.4 ± 0.11 and 1.5 ± 0.32 tracheal rings respectively) in the trachea, whereas the FVB/N and BALB/CAnN strains had SMG extending
beyond the fourth space (mean depths of 3.3 ± 0.46 and 5.6 ± 0.45 rings respectively). We have previously shown that in congenic
C57Bl/6N Cftr mutant mice (CF mice), the SMG are distributed more distally than in wild-type C57Bl/6N but are indistinguishable from BALB/CAnN
wild-type or CF mice. The implication that SMG distribution is influenced by Cftr gene expression (or a gene closely linked to Cftr) led us to investigate the genetic difference between C57Bl6/N and BALB/CAnN mice. In recombinant inbred strain (RIS) analysis
(with BALB/CJ and C57BL/6J progenitors), two loci were identified as being linked to the SMG phenotype (peak likelihood statistic
levels of 8.8 and 9.9 on Chrs 9 and 10 respectively, indicating suggestive linkage). A subsequent segregation analysis of
an F2 intercross between the C57BL/6N and BALB/CAnN mice indicated that there were at least two major genetic factors responsible
for SMG distribution. The loci indicated in the RI analysis were included in a targeted genome scan involving 235 F2 intercross animals (C57BL/6N and BALB/CAnN strain intercross). The genome scan confirmed the locus on Chr 9 (between genetic
markers D9Mit11 and D9Mit182), designated Smgd1, as significantly linked to the SMG distribution phenotype (peak LOD score 5.8) within a 95% confidence interval of 12 cM.
Received: 26 June 2000 / Accepted: 18 September 2000 相似文献
10.
W. W. Wagoire R. Ortiz J. Hill O. Stølen 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(6):1075-1079
Several methods are available for estimating heritability in disomic species, including parent-offspring regression, realized
heritability, intraclass correlations of recombinant inbred lines, and diallel-cross analysis. Estimates were obtained by
these various methods for a set of eight bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines adapted to the East African highlands, which had been intercrossed and selfed in a half-diallel arrangement to give
F1, F2 and F3 generations, and F6 recombinant inbred lines. Significant genetic variation existed among parents and crosses for both grain yield and yellow
rust resistance in all generations. Based on the heritability calculated from the analysis of F6 recombinant inbred lines, analysis of the F2 diallel crosses was recommended for determining the heritability of both characters in early segregating generations. The
results also suggest that a form of tandem selection may be effective in developing locally adapted germplasm which combines
high grain yield with yellow rust resistance.
Received: 15 February 1999 / Accepted: 11 March 1999 相似文献
11.
Starch gel electrophoresis of kidney catalase in inbred strains C3H and C57BL/6, their F1 hybrid, and first and second backcross generations demonstrated that single-component (type A) v. multiple-component (type B) electrophoretic patterns are controlled by a single locus. The type A electrophoretic pattern is dominant. Twenty-five inbred strains of mice were classified according to their kidney catalase electrophoretic pattern. The data indicate that the segregating genetic factor determines a specific substance in the type A kidney which affects the electrophoretic mobility of catalase. A comparison of the F1 hybrid enzyme with a 1:1 mixture of C3H and C57BL/6 enzyme showed that the alteration of electrophoretic mobility is the result of posttranslational modification of the catalase molecule. An association of kidney catalase electrophoretic pattern and the H-2
k haplotype indicates that the locus controlling the electrophoretic pattern is most likely located on chromosome 17 in close proximity to the H-2 complex. 相似文献
12.
Maureen K. Purcell Jian-Long Mu David C. Higgins Ramu Elango Harry Whitmore Stephen Harris Beverly Paigen 《Mammalian genome》2001,12(7):495-500
Ath6 is a novel quantitative trait locus associated with differences in susceptibility to atherosclerosis between C57BL/6J (B6)
and C57BLKS/J (BKS) inbred mouse strains. Combining data from an intercross and a backcross (1593 meioses) between mice from
B6 and BKS strains and from The Jackson Laboratory interspecific backcross panels, (C57BL/6J ×Mus spretus) F1× C57BL/6J and (C57BL/6J × SPRET/Ei) F1× SPRET/Ei, we constructed a consensus genetic map and narrowed Ath6 to a 1.07 ± 0.26 cM interval between the anonymous DNA marker D12Pgn4 and the gene Nmyc1. This region is near the proximal end of murine Chromosome (Chr) 12, which is homologous to the human chromosomal region 2p24-p25.
Marker order in the Ath6 region was concordant among the two crosses and The Jackson Laboratory interspecific backcross panels. This high resolution
map rules out candidate genes encoding apolipoprotein B, syndecan 1, and Adam17. The two Ath6 crosses have a combined potential resolution of 0.06 cM.
Received: 12 September 2000 / Accepted: 22 February 2001 相似文献
13.
The immune response to F antigen by a variety of inbred strains and F1 hybrids has been studied. All of the mice responding to appropriate preparations of F antigen share ak allele atH-2K orI-A. In F1 hybrids, however, this permissive gene is sometimes expressed as dominant responsiveness, while in other combinations as dominant nonresponsiveness. There appears to be a hierarchy of responsiveness among the responder strains tested. Finally, some strains produce nonprecipitating antibodies against F antigen which may represent a genetically controlled restriction of the response to this antigen. 相似文献
14.
Tohru Suzuki Akira Ishikawa Takashi Yoshimura Takao Namikawa Hiroshi Abe Sato Honma Ken-ichi Honma Shizufumi Ebihara 《Mammalian genome》2001,12(4):272-277
CS mice show a free-running period (κ) longer than 24 h and rhythm splitting in constant darkness (DD). These features in
behavioral circadian rhythms are distinctive as compared with other inbred strains of mice, which exhibit robust free-running
rhythms with κ shorter than 24 h. To identify the genes affecting κ, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was initially
conducted by using 289 F2 mice derived from a cross between CS and C57BL/6J strain. A suggestive QTL (LOD = 3.71) with CS allele increasing κ was detected
on the distal region of Chromosome (Chr) 19. Next, using 192 F2 mice from a cross between CS and MSM strain, the presence of the QTL on Chr 19 was examined, and we confirmed the QTL at
the genome-wide significant level (LOD = 4.61 with 10.4% of the total variance explained). This QTL was named long free-running
period (Lfp). Three other suggestive QTLs (LOD = 3.24–4.28) were mapped to the midportion of Chr 12 in (CS×C57BL/6J)F2 mice, and to the proximal and middle region of Chr 19 in (CS×MSM)F2 mice, respectively, of which, CS alleles for two QTLs on Chr 19 have the effect of lengthening κ. None of these QTLs were
mapped to the chromosomal regions of previously described QTLs for κ and known clock genes (Clock, mPer1, Bmal1, mCry1, mCry2, mTim, and Csnk1e).
Received: 5 July 2000 / Accepted: 5 December 2000 相似文献
15.
Male and female F2 homozygotes from crosses between MHC-congenic inbred mouse strains were tested for MHC-associated mating preference. In three instances, of the four genotypic combinations so tested, marked MHC-associated mating preference was observed. This result greatly reduces the possibility that the observed mating preferences of MHC-congenic inbred strains can be explained wholly in terms of non-MHC genetic drift, or of residual non-MHC genetic disparity, or of fortuitous acquired strain characteristics unrelated to MHC. In two of the four combinations investigated, the MHC-related mating bias of F2 segregants was similar to that of the genotypically similar inbred parent strains. In a third combination, F2 segregants did not show the mating bias exhibited by the corresponding parent strains. In a fourth combination, F2 segregants displayed an MHC-related mating bias that was evident in the corresponding parental inbred strains only when the colonies of the parent strains had been maintained in isolation from other strains. While the exhibition of mating preference by mice of the same genotypes may differ according to circumstances, as indicated, in no instance was preference reversed. Mating preference in a given combination of MHC genotypes, whenever it was observed, always favored the same MHC haplotype of the two alternative haplotypes represented. It appears that the familial MHC genotypes of mice and the environment in which the colonies are maintained influence their MHC-related mating preference, but it has yet to be decided whether these factors operate by determining exposure to particular MHC haplotypes.Abbreviations used in this paper are as follows B6
C57BL/6
- B10
C57BL/10
- BALE
BALB/c
- BALB.B
BALB.B10
- INB
inbred
- MHC
major histocompatibility complex
See also Figure 1 相似文献
16.
Yasuhiro Hashimoto Mikiko Abe Akemi Suzuki Kentaro Iwasaki Tamio Yamakawa 《Glycoconjugate journal》1985,2(3-4):255-265
Genetic polymorphism in the expression of the GM1(NeuGc) ganglioside has been shown in the liver of inbred strains of mice. Through analysis of the gangliosides of H-2 congenic and recombinant strains, this polymorphism was demonstrated to be controlled by a locus mapped left outside of the H-2 complex on chromosome 17, and the locus was assumed to control the level of the activity of GM1(NeuGc) synthetase, UDP-galactose:GM2(NeuGc) galactosyltransferase (E.C.2.4.1.62) [Hashimotoet al., J Biochem (1983) 94:2049-54].In the present study we analyzed the genetic linkage between the activity of the galactosyltransferase and the H-2 haplotype. For this purpose, we selected two inbred strains of mice, WHT/Ht and BALB/c, because they have different levels of the transferase activity and show different H-2 haplotypes; the specific activity of the transferase obtained with BALB/c was one-eighth of that with WHT/Ht, and BALB/c expressed the la.7 antigen as one of the products encoded in their H-2d complex, whereas WHT/Ht did not. To analyze the linkage between these two phenotypes, WHT/Ht were mated with BALB/c to obtain the F1 mice, and the female F1 mice were then backcrossed to WHT/Ht. It was found that one half of the backcross generation expressed the la.7 antigen derived from BALB/c and had a significantly lower specific activity of the transferase than that of WHT/Ht, while the other half did not express the la.7 antigen but had the same specific activity of the transferase as that obtained with WHT/Ht.These results suggest that the locus controlling the level of the transferase activity in mouse liver is linked to the H-2 complex on chromosome 17.Abbreviations NeuGc
N-glycolylneuraminic acid
The ganglioside nomenclature is based on the system of Svennerholm, J Neurochem (1963) 10:613-23. The sialic acid species present is shown in parentheses after the ganglioside abbreviation. 相似文献
17.
A genetic test of differences in -galactosidase activities in three mouse tissues, liver, kidney, and spleen, is demonstrated. Activities fall in three distinct categories in F
2
crosses between the two inbred strains C57BL/K1 and DBA/2/K1. C57 mice consistently show high activities in all three tissues, and DBA mice show low activities except for some male kidneys. F
1
mice are intermediate to the parental strains. There seems to be a simple mendelian ratio 1:2:1, between the numbers of animals belonging to the three activity classes in F
2
crosses and a 1:1 ratio in backcrosses. Thus it is suggested that one single locus is responsible for most of the differences seen in this system.This work was supported by the Nilsson-Ehle fund and the Marcus Borgström fund. 相似文献
18.
Strain variation in the level of resistance to malaria was investigated in inbred mice after infection with Plasmodium chabaudi. Following intraperitoneal infection with the typing dose of parasitized erythrocytes, mice of 11 inbred strains could be separated using survival time as the criterium into resistant and susceptible groups. Genetic analysis of F1 hybrid and backcross progeny derived from one of the most resistant (B10.A) and from the most susceptible (A/J) strains as parents suggested that host resistance in this strain combination was genetically controlled by a dominant, non-H-2-linked, autosomal gene or closely linked genes. Analysis of the mechanisms of resistance to P chabaudi showed (1) phenotypic expression of the resistance gene was apparent within 6 days of infection as a significant difference between resistant and susceptible mice in the level of parasitemia; (2) the level of host NK cell activity was not related to the level of host resistance to malaria; (3) compared with susceptible A/J mice, resistant B1O.A hosts had an augmented erythropoietic response during the course of malaria as well as during phenylhydrazine-induced anemia and (4) treatment with BCG or P acnes resulted in an equal degree of protection, measured by parasitemia and survival, in both resistant and susceptible mice. 相似文献
19.
David E. Harrison 《Immunogenetics》1981,13(3):177-187
In contrast to the usual rapid growth of transplanted syngeneic marrow cells in spleens of lethally irradiated recipients, the growth of parental marrow cells from certain inbred strains of mice is resisted by their Fl hybrids, other strains or both. The full complexity of this well known natural resistance is demonstrated here by using three inbred strains and their three Fl hybrids in all parent-hybrid combinations of donor and recipient. A similar resistance to parental marrow grafts is reported here in W-anemic F1 hybrid recipients that are cured and repopulated without irradiation. Rather than resistance to short-term growth in spleens, F1-hybrid resistance to permanent repopulation of the entire hemopoietic system is studied here. This manifestation of hybrid resistance is radiosensitive and declines in recipients over the age of 12 months. Long-term hemopoietic repopulation is measured quantitatively by injecting mixtures of two marrow-cell types with distinguishable hemoglobins into stem-cell-deficient recipients. A very high degree of resistance is detected against WB but not 136 parental marrow when mixed with WBB6F1 marrow and injected into WBB6F1 recipients. Most, but not all, of this resistance to permanent, systemic repopulation is abrogated by irradiation of the recipients; it is also abrogated after they reach the age of 15 months. Mouse models of long-term hybrid resistance studied in the entire hemopoietic system may be particularly relevant for marrow transplantation in man, where the objective is long-term systemic repopulation. 相似文献
20.
Genetic control of two electrophoretic variants of glucosephosphate isomerase in the mouse (Mus musculus) 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
The autosomal variation and the genetic control of GPI has been determined by a comparison of electrophoretic patterns of F1 and backcross progeny of three inbred strains of mice. The locus controlling the production of GPI in the mouse has been designated Gpi-1. Two alleles at this locus have been described and designated Gpi-1
a and Gpi-1
b, which represent, respectively, the slow and fast electrophoretic forms. Twenty-seven inbred strains of mice have been classified for these two alleles. The absence of close linkage of Gpi-1 to seven other genetic loci has been determined. It has been demonstrated that the polymorphism of Gpi-1 is widely distributed in feral mice. GPI was expressed in vitro and in four types of malignant tumors.Supported by U.S. Public Health Service Grants GM-09966, from General Medical Sciences, and GY 4193. 相似文献