Triterpene acids from Salvia and Teucrium species

The pentacyclic triterpene acids ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, micromeric acid, maslinic acid and 3-epi-maslinic acid have been isolated from several Salvia and Teucrium species.     

Diterpene acids from Helianthus species and their microbiological conversion by Gibberella fujikuroi, mutant B1-41a

The diterpene acid content in 10 species of Helianthus has been investigated. Ent-12,16-cyclokauranoic acid, isolated from H. annuus, is converted into a series of 12,16-cyclogibberellins by cultures of Gibberella fujikuroi, mutant B1-41a, and 12,16-cyclogibberellins A₉, and A₁₂ have been isolated. Ent-12β-acetoxykaurenoic acid and ent-13(S)-angeloxyatisenoic acid have been isolated from H. decapetalus; the metabolism of ent-13(S)-hydroxyatisenoic acid and atisenoic acid by B1-41a is also described.     

Cis-4-hydroxypipecolic acid and 2,4-cis-4,5-trans-4,5-dihydroxypipecolic acid from Calliandra

cis-4-Hydroxypipecolic acid and 2,4-cis-4,5-trans-4,5-dihydroxypipecolic acid were isolated from leaves of Calliandra pittieri. A system for resolving the eight imino acids isolated from Calliandra is described.     

Depsidone constituents from the quintaria group of Nephroma species

A new lichen depsidone was isolated, in the form of its triacetate derivative from the acetylated extracts of Nephroma antarcticum and has been demonstrated to be hypoconstictic acid-triacetate. Two related depsidones, hypostictic acid hyposalazinic acid, were isolated from N. australe.     

Three hydroxy ellagic acid methyl ethers,chrysophanol and scopoletin from Shorea worthingtonii and Vatica obscura

Extraction of the bark and timber of Shorea worthingtonii and Vatica obscura gave three new natural products: hexamethylcoruleoellagic acid, pentamethylflavellagic acid, tetramethylflavellagic acid, together with tetramethylellagic acid, scopoletin and chrysophanol. The above are reported for the first time in the family. Several triterpenes, already described from this family, were also isolated.     

2,4-cis-4,5-cis-4,5-Dihyroxypipecolic acid—a naturally occurring imino acid from Calliandra pittieri

2,4-cis-4,5-cis-4,5-Dihydroxypipecolic acid has been isolated from the leaves of Calliandra pittieri. This is the third dihydroxypipecolic acid isomer isolated from Calliandra and the first report of this compound from a natural source.     

Chromanones de l'écorce de Calophyllum recedens

Three new compounds, recedensolide Ia, recedensic acid IIa and isocalolongic acid IIIa, have been isolated from Calophyllum recedens bark (Gutt     

New organic bases from amazonian Banisteriopsis caapi

Three new bases were isolated from Banisteriopsis caapi; they are harmine N-oxide, harmic acid methyl ester (methyl 7-methoxy-β-carboline 1-carboxylate) and harmalinic acid (7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-β-carboline 1-carboxylic acid).     

The biosynthesis of abscisic acid in Cercospora rosicola

1′-Deoxyabscisic acid (1′-deoxy-ABA) has been isolated from cultures of Cercospora rosicola which are actively synthesizing abscisic acid (ABA)     

Sempervirenic acid,a diterpene acid from Solidago sempervirens

Sempervirenic acid, a new diterpene has been isolated from Solidago sempervirens and its structure determined by spectroscopic methods and chemical conversions to be 3β-acetoxy-labda-7,13-diene-15-oic acid.     

Sesquiterpenoid metabolites from Stereum complicatum

A new sesquiterpene antibiotic, complicatic acid, isolated from cultures of Stereum complicatum (Fr.)Fr. has been shown to be dehydrohirsutic acid C. Hirsutic acid C was also isolated from the same fungus. [2-¹⁴C]-MVA was incorporated into both metabolites and complicatic acid has been shown to be formed from hirsutic acid C both in vivo and in vitro.     

Alkaloidal and other constituents of Uncaria elliptica and canthium dicoccum

A new alkaloid roxburghine X, along with roxburghine D, formosanine and mitraphylline, has been isolated from the bark of Uncaria elliptica. Sitosterol, quinovaic acid, acetylquinovaic acid and scopoletin were isolated from the bark of Canthium dicoccum.     

Two pentacyclic triterpenes from Rubia cordifolia

Rubicoumaric acid and rubifolic acid isolated from Rubia cordifolia have been shown to be 30-hydroxy-3β-p-hydroxycoumaryloxy-urs-12-ene-28-oic acid and 3β,30-dihydroxy-urs-12-ene-28-oic acid(30-hydroxyursolic acid) respectively on the basis of ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and mass spectral and chemical evidence.     

7-methoxy-9-methylhexadeca-4(E),8(E)-dienoic acid from Lyngbya majuscula

A new fatty acid, 7-methoxy-9-methylhexadeca- 4(E),8(E)-dienoic acid, has been isolated from a toxic, deep-water variety of the marine blue-green alga Lyngbya majuscula.     

Grindelane diterpenoids from Chrysothamnus nauseosus

Two new grindelic acid diterpenoids, 18-hydroxygrindelic acid and 18-succinyloxygrindelic acid, were isolated from Chrysothamnus nauseosus. The assigned structures rest on their spectroscopic properties as well as chemical interconversions.     

Anhydrobartogenic acid and 19-epibartogenic acid,two triterpenes from Barringtonia speciosa

Two new triterpene dicarboxylic acids, isolated from the fruits of Barringtonia speciosa, have been identified as anhydrobartogenic acid and 19-epibartogenic acid by spectral and chemical evidence.     

The structure and stereochemistry of lantanilic acid,the β,β-dimethylacryloyl ester of lantaninilic acid,isolated from Lantana camara

The structure of lantanilic acid, a new triterpene isolated from the leaves of Lantana camara, has been determined as the β,β-dimethylacryloyl ester of lantaninilic acid.     

The biosynthesis of angelic acid in Cynoglossum officinale

Six-month-old Cynoglossum officinale plants were fed via the roots with tiglic acid-[1-¹⁴C]. After a week the plants were harvested, the alkaloid heliosupine was isolated and hydrolysed to heliotridine and angelic acid. The latter contained all the radioactivity of the original heliosupine showing that angelic acid may be formed from tiglic acid by a cis-trans isomerization.     

Two phenolic acids from Lithospermum erythrorhizon cell suspension cultures

Two phenolic acids isolated from colourless cell cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon were identified as rosmarinic acid and lithospermic acid. However, these compounds were not detected in pigmented cell cultures producing shikonin derivatives.     

Plectranthoic acid,acetylplectranthoic acid and plectranthadiol,three triterpenoids from Plectranthus rugosus

Sitosterol and three new pentacyclic triterpenoids, plectranthoic acid, acetylplectranthoic acid and plectranthadiol, have been isolated from leaves of P. rugosus. From spectroscopic evidence and chemical behaviour the structure of plectranthoic acid was established as (19S)-3α-hydroxy-18α-urs-12-en-29β-oic acid and acetylplectranthoic acid is the 3α-acetyl derivative of this compound. Plectranthadiol is (19S)- 3α-hydroxy-18α-urs-12-en-29β-ol.