共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
A. D. Blest Sally Stowe Margrit Carter Emer O'Gara Anita Delaney 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1992,171(4):523-532
| 1. | The light-dependent demolition of rhabdoms induced by a protein phosphatase inhibitor, okadaic acid (OKA) in retinas of a crab (Leptograpsus variegatus) is examined to determine whether the effects of OKA merely amplify the endocytosis of normal phototransductive membrane turnover, or are distinct from it. |
| 2. | OKA-induced demolition by dawn retinas maintained in vitro is partially blocked by either of two protein kinase C inhibitors, staurosporine and H-7. It is similarly blocked by a Ca2+-channel blocking agent, diltiazem. |
| 3. | Large night rhabdoms illuminated at 40 lux for up to 20 min are reduced by pinocytosis which is not inhibited by either staurosporine or diltiazem, each in the absence of OKA. |
| 4. | Pinocytosis is not blocked by a high concentration of a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein in absence of OKA. |
| 5. | It is inferred that (i) phosphorylations of rhabdomeral proteins drive light-dependent, OKA-induced endocytosis; (ii) phosphorylations (including that of rhodopsin) do not drive normal, light-dependent endocytosis; (iii) tyrosine phosphorylations of a notional, minor population of rhabdomeral proteins are unlikely to determine, normal, light-dependent endocytosis of phototransductive membrane; (iv) entry of Ca2+ into R1-7 photoreceptors via either light-dependent or other channels is necessary for events provoked by OKA, but irrelevant to normal light-dependent endocytosis. |
3.
4.
Oncostatin M, a multifunctional cytokine 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
5.
Gareth Rice Roland Clift Richard Burns 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》1997,2(1):53-59
Twelve of the main European LCA software packages currently available are examined wirh the aim of establishing which are
the most appropriate for LCAs on industrial processes. The packages performances are assessed in terms of
The review concludes with a Specification Table which summarises the facilities available on each software package.
The general conclusion from this study is that for industrially based LCAs, there are four packages which may offer advantages
over the rest. These are The Boustead Model, The Ecobilan Group’s TEAM™, PEMS 3.0 and SimaPro 3.1. 相似文献
| – | • Volume of Data |
| – | • WindowsTM environment |
| – | • Network Capabilities |
| – | • Impact Assessment |
| – | • Graphical representation of the inventory results |
| – | • Sensitivity analysis |
| – | • Units |
| – | • Cost |
| – | • User Support |
| – | • Flow Diagrams |
| – | • Burdens allocation |
| – | • Transparency of data |
| – | • Input & output parameters |
| – | • Demo version |
| – | • Quality of data |
6.
J. Robb 《Human Evolution》1994,9(3):215-229
In recent years anthropologists have made much progress in understanding ancient activities from skeletal remains. In this
paper, material from the Iron Age cemetery at Pontecagnano (VII-IV century BC) is used to illustrate activity-related traits
of eight basic categories:
These traits, and others, can be used not only singly but in conjunction to define (a) patterns of activity and occupational
specialization for individuals, and (b) distributions within society reflecting the basic division of labor by geneder and
class. 相似文献
| (1) | idiosyncratic patterns of dental wear |
| (2) | activity-related articular degeneration |
| (3) | non-pathological functional alterations (neoformations, contact facets) |
| (4) | mechanical remodelling of bone architecture |
| (5) | enthesopathies (muscular lesions) |
| (6) | traumatic lesions |
| (7) | activity-related pathologies |
| (8) | activity-related nutritional characteristics |
7.
Paul Dureus Dahla Louis Anthony V. Grant Thomas V. Bilfinger George B. Stefano 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》1993,13(5):541-546
| 1. | In a concentration-dependent manner neuropeptide Y was found to be a potent inhibitor of the spontaneous activation of human granulocytes and macrophages as well asMytilus edulis immunocytes. |
| 2. | Neuropeptide Y also inhibited the chemotaxic response of these immunocytes to the chemoattractant f-MLP. |
| 3. | Incubation of both the human and the invertebrate immunocytes in f-MLP (10–9 M) causes activation as noted by random locomotion (chemokinesis). Neuropeptide Y also blocked f-MLP-induced chemokinesis. |
| 4. | The results suggest that neuropeptide Y may, in addition to other functions, serve as an endogenous regulator of immunocyte function. |
8.
Culture studies with healthy and virus-infected isolates of Ectocarpus siliculosus, Feldmannia simplex and F. irregularis gave the following results:
相似文献
| – | Virus particles are produced in deformed reproductive organs (sporangia or gametangia) of the hosts and are released into the surrounding seawater. |
| – | Their infective potential is lost after several days of storage under laboratory conditions. |
| – | New infections occur when gametes or spores of the host get in contact with virus particles. The virus genome enters all cells of the developing new plant via mitosis. |
| – | Virus expression is variable, and in many cases the viability of the host is not impaired. Infected host plants may be partly fertile and pass the infection to their daughter plants. |
| – | Meiosis of the host can eliminate the virus genome and generate healthy progeny. |
| – | The genome of the Ectocarpus virus consists of dsDNA. Meiotic segregation patterns suggest an intimate association between virus genome and host chromosomes. |
| – | An extra-generic host range has been demonstrated for the Ectocarpus virus. |
| – | Field observations suggest that virus infections in ectocarpalean algae occur on all coasts of the world, and many or all Ectocarpus and Feldmannia populations are subject to contact with virus genomes. |
9.
Heiner Römer 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1976,109(1):101-122
| 1. | The reactions of tympanic nerve fibers ofLocusta migratoria were recorded by glass microelectrodes in the metathoracic ganglion. |
| 2. | The units were classified by frequency-, intensity-, and directional characteristics as well as by their response pattern. The response to speciesspecific song is compared with the response to song ofEphippiger ephippiger. |
| 3. | The physiological properties lead to a classification into three types of low-frequency neurons (characteristic frequency 3.5–4 kHz; 4kHz; 5.5–6 kHz) and one type of high-frequency neuron (12–20 kHz). This is similar to other species (Gray, 1960, Michelsen, 1971). |
| 4. | Intensity-coding is done by sharp rising intensity characteristics and by different absolute thresholds of the units. |
| 5. | There is a marked directional sensitivity with some differences between LF and HF units. In the low frequency range the tympanal organ seems to react as a pressure gradient receiver; for high frequencies another mechanism is discussed. |
| 6. | No filtering of species-specific song takes place at the level of the receptor cells. |
10.
Conclusions
This work was supported byKBN grant no. 7 A203 013 07. 相似文献
| (1) | The aminoesters inhibit glucose-stimulated proton extrusion by yeast cells. |
| (2) | The inhibitory activity depends on aliphatic carbon chain length. |
| (3) | The inhibition of proton extrusion is concentration-dependent. |
| (4) | The aminoesters stimulate quinacrine accumulation in vacuoles of yeast cells so they should possess affinities for lysosomes. |
11.
3DFS is a 3D flexible searching system for lead discovery. Version 1.0 of 3DFS was published recently (Wang, T.; Zhou, J. J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci., 1998, 38, 71–77). Here version 1.2 represents a substantial improvement over version 1.0. There are six major changes in version 1.2 compared to version 1.0.
Besides the above, this paper supplies:
Supplementary material to this paper is available in electronic form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0089490050231 相似文献
| 1. | A new rule of aromatic ring recognition. |
| 2. | The inclusion of multiple-type atoms and chains in queries. |
| 3. | The inclusion of more spatial constraints, especially the directions of lone pairs. |
| 4. | The improvement of the query file format. |
| 5. | The addition of genetic search for flexible search. |
| 6. | An output option for generating MOLfiles of hits. |
| 1. | More query examples. |
| 2. | A comparison between genetic search and Powell optimization. |
| 3. | More detailed comparison between 3DFS and Chem-X. |
| 4. | A preliminary application of 3DFS to K+ channel opener studies. |
12.
M. Laska R. Hudson 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1993,173(2):249-256
In a task designed to simulate olfactory-guided foraging, the ability of squirrel monkeys to discriminate an artificial 12-component odorant from 3-, 6-, 9- or 11- component submixtures was investigated. A combination of factors was found to contribute to the animals' performance:
相似文献
| 1. | Discriminability generally decreased as the number of components in the submixture increased. |
| 2 | Submixtures did not contribute equally to mixture perception, and one component in particular (cineole) disproportionately influenced stimulus discriminability. |
| 3. | Interactive effects between submixtures resulted in marked deviations from the general pattern of discriminability. |
| 4. | Changes in the relative concentration of submixtures could also influence discriminability. |
| 5. | Finally, individual differences in responsiveness to particular stimuli were apparent. |
13.
In the rift valley (North-East of France/South-West of Germany), the Rhine runs freely for 300 km from South to North. The absence of natural obstacles allows the development of a very regular profile of the river. We have therefore an opportunity to study very gradual modifications of the alluvial forest communities of the fluvial corridor from upstream to downstream, according to the gradual evolution of the ecological factors, related to slope decrease and hydrological modifications.We describe, from Basel to Mainz:
相似文献
| 1) | modification of dynamic processes in the forest communities such as successional sequences or sylvigenetic mosaïcs of the terminal stages. |
| 2) | modification of species richness. |
| 3) | reduction of species diversity. |
| 4) | simplification of the forest stratification. |
| 5) | modification of efficiency of the biogeochemical cycling. |
| 6) | ecological vicariances. |
| 7) | modification in species behaviour. |
14.
Victy Mercy Gerald 《Hydrobiologia》1976,49(1):77-85
| 1. | The overall rate of feeding at 28°C bears an inverse relationship to size; the time course of feeding appears to be size-independent and shows a decline with increase in time. |
| 2. | Absorption efficiency is independent of size. |
| 3. | The rates of absorption and conversion and conversion efficiency are inversely related to size. |
| 4. | The rate of feeding is reflected on the rates of absorption and conversion. |
15.
Jiří Doskočil 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1976,10(3):137-143
| (1) | The inactivation of various forms of nucleoside transport with reagents blocking thiol groups was studied in whole cells ofE. coli B. No positive correlation between the efficiency of active transport and the extent or rate of inactivation could be demonstrated. |
| (2) | The most efficient constitutive nucleoside-transporting system was found to comprise a specific thiol component characterized by low rate of inactivation with N-ethylmaleimide; the less efficient inducible transport and the facilitated diffusion of guanosine require the integrity of another thiol component which is rapidly inactivated with N-ethylmaleimide. |
| (3) | The constitutive nucleoside-transporting system is completely inactivated with T4 phage, while other modes of nucleoside transport are much less affected. |
| (4) | Inactivation of constitutive transporting system in cells exposed to N-ethylmaleimide for a limited period of time continues long after the inhibitor has been removed, indicating storage of the inhibitor in some cellular compartment. Addition of dithiothreitol stops the inactivation immediately. |
16.
Expression and reconstitution of biologically active human acetylcholinesterase fromEscherichia coli
Meir Fischer Avner Ittah Ilana Liefer Marian Gorecki 《Cellular and molecular neurobiology》1993,13(1):25-38
| 1. | Authentic human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was expressed inEscherichia coli under regulation of the constitutivedeo promoter or the thermoinduciblePL promoter. |
| 2. | To facilitate expression in the prokaryotic system, recombinant human AChE (rhAChE) cDNA was modified at the N terminus by oligonucleotide substitutions in order to replace some of the GC-rich regions by AT. These modifications did not alter the amino acid sequence but resulted in ample production of the protein. |
| 3. | rhAChE accumulated in the cells and reached a level of 10% of total bacterial proteins. A partially purified inactive recombinant protein was recovered from inclusion bodies. |
| 4. | Active rhAChE was obtained after solubilization, folding, and oxidation, although the recovery of the active enzyme was low. A 20- to 40-fold increase in enzymatically active rhAChE was achieved by replacing Cys580 by serine. |
| 5. | The recombinant enzyme analogue was indistinguishable from native AChE isolated from erythrocytes in terms of substrate specificity and inhibitor selectivity. |
17.
David D. Yager Hayward G. Spangler 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1995,176(5):587-599
We have identified a nerve carrying auditory afferents and characterized their physiological responses in the tiger beetle,Cicindela marutha.
相似文献
| 1. | The tympana are located at the lateral margins of the first abdominal tergum. The nerve carrying the tympanal afferents is a branch of the dorsal root from the first abdominal ganglion. |
| 2. | Both male and female auditory afferent responses are sharply tuned to 30 kHz with sensitivities of 50–55 dB SPL. |
| 3. | The auditory afferents show little adaptation and accurately code the temporal characteristics of the stimulus with the limit of a resolution of 6–10 ms. |
| 4. | The difference in threshold between contralateral and ipsilateral afferents for lateral stimuli is greatest at 30 kHz and is at least 10–15 dB. |
| 5. | Ablation studies indicate that the floppy membrane in the anterolateral corner of the tympanum is crucial for transduction while the medial portion of the tympanum is less important. |
| 6. | The tiger beetle and acridid (locust and grasshopper) ears have evolved independently from homologous peripheral structures. The neural precursor of the tympanal organs in both animals is likely the pleural chordotonal organ of the first abdominal segment. |
18.
Yasuo Nakaoka 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1989,165(5):637-641
| 1. | Paramecium bursaria was stimulated by a light spot of 10–15 m diameter, and the photosensitive site was searched by recording responses in swimming behavior and in membrane potential. |
| 2. | Local stimulation to the anterior half of the cell caused an avoiding response. |
| 3. | Stimulation to the cells deciliated by ethanol treatment elicited a depolarization of the membrane potential. |
| 4. | Local stimulation to the anteroventral portion elicited a depolarization, but stimulation to the dorsal side induced no change in the membrane potential. |
| 5. | The action spectrum of depolarization elicited by local stimulation to the anteroventral surface showed two main peaks at 420 nm and 560 nm, corresponding to those of light stimulation of the whole cell. |
| 6. | It is concluded that a photosensitive site exists on the anteroventral surface ofParamecium, in particular within the oral groove of the cell. This local photosensitivity is discussed with respect to the mating reaction. |
19.
Morten Buhl Jørgensen Barbara Schmitz Jakob Christensen-Dalsgaard 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》1991,168(2):223-232
| 1. | We used laser vibrometry and free field sound stimulation to study the frequency responses of the eardrum and the lateral body wall of awake male Eleutherodactylus coqui. |
| 2. | The eardrum snowed one of two distinct frequency responses depending on whether the glottis was open (GO response) or closed (GC response) during the measurement. |
| 3. | The lateral body wall vibrated with a maximum amplitude close to that of the eardrum and in the same frequency range. |
| 4. | Covering the frog's body wall with vaseline reduced the vibration amplitude of the GC response by up to 15 dB. |
| 5. | When a closed sound delivery system was used to stimulate a local area of the body wall the eardrum also showed one of two types of responses. |
| 6. | These results suggest that sound is transmitted via the lung cavity to the internal surface of the eardrum. This lung input has a significant influence on the vibrations of the eardrum even when the glottis is closed. |
| 7. | The vibration amplitude of the eardrum changed with the angle of sound incidence. The directionality was most pronounced in a narrow frequency range between the two main frequencies of the conspecific advertisement call. |
20.
Victy Mercy Gerald 《Hydrobiologia》1976,49(2):103-109
| 1. | At 28°C conversion efficiency of total nitrogen (TN) was inversely related to size. |
| 2. | In the pre-adult stage protein nitrogen (PN) conversion efficiency was high whereas in the Post-adult stage non-protein nitrogen (NPN) conversion efficiency was high. |
| 3. | Lower temperature (20°C) was not congenial for PN conversion. |
| 4. | Higher temperature favoured PN conversion for smaller fish but NPN for larger fish. |