200例儿童急性中毒临床分析

目的分析儿童急性中毒的病因及临床特点。方法回顾性分析2016年1月～2018年1月我院收治的200例急性中毒患儿的临床资料。结果 200例急性中毒患儿中,男115例,女85例。年龄分布:以1～3岁最多见,占比为45.50%; 7～14岁年龄段最低,占比为12.00%。中毒原因:以误服误食药物最高,占比为34.00%;其次为一氧化碳吸入,占比为20.00%;毒蕈类中毒占比为3.00%;吸入毒品烟雾占比为2.50%。中毒发生率以农村最高为77.50%,城镇为22.50%。中毒高发时间为7～9月份,占38.50%; 1～3月份最低,占13.50%。中毒途径主要为消化道,占74.00%;其次为呼吸道,占22.50%;经皮肤接触中毒占3.50%。结论儿童急性中毒以1～3岁幼儿多见,中毒途径多为消化道中毒,农村发生率最高,夏季为急性中毒的高发季节。加强监管和安全意识教育,以避免儿童中毒的发生。     

儿童中毒相关因素分析与干预

目的探讨儿童意外中毒的原因．以寻求相应的干预措施。方法回顾性分析我院2005年2月至2009年2月急诊科诊治的150例儿童意外伤害的临床资料。结果60例儿童为意外中毒,其中药物中毒（过量）35例,占58．3％;1～3岁20例,占33．3％;城市儿童药物中毒（过量）26例,占43．3％,乡村儿童药物中毒（过量）9例,占25．8％．灭害药及农药中毒8例．占13．3％。结论儿童意外中毒以药物中毒为首要因素,家中的意外中毒发生率明显高于户外;1～3岁小儿是意外中毒发生的主要年龄,与这一年龄段的小儿发育特点有关,儿童意外中毒应以预防为主。     

基层医院急性中毒的特点与救治

目的探讨基层医院急性中毒患者的临床特征,为临床诊治提供较合理的依据。方法对我院2005年1月～2010年1月收治的86例急性中毒患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果急性中毒患者占同期全部急诊病例的2.8%。男34例,女52例;年龄3～79岁,平均34岁,其中20～29岁23例,30～39岁20例。致病毒物主要有:酒精21例,动物毒素15例,植物毒素12例,化学药物类10例,农药9例,灭鼠药4例,食物7例,其他8例。中毒原因为有意接触毒物者51例,防护不周6例,意外事故29例。19例因病情严重转上级医院救治,其余病例在本院治愈。结论急性中毒在基层医院是比较常见的急诊急症,了解本地的中毒种类及临床特点,对提高防治能力,减少意外死亡是很有必要的。     

我国近五年急性中毒的文献分析

目的:通过对我国近五年来急性中毒的文献进行荟萃分析,了解我国急性中毒的临床特点.方法:查阅中国知网及万方数据库2006-2011年发表的急性中毒的相关文献,分析近五年急性中毒患者在性别、年龄、毒物类型、中毒途径、转归情况等方面的临床特点.结果:在查得的845篇文章中,有15篇文章符合要求,9篇文章统计了年龄段分布,10篇文章统计了中毒途径,10篇论文统计了转归情况,15篇文章均进行了性别和毒物类型的统计.结论:急性中毒在性别分布方面无明显差异;以20～39岁为高发年龄;中毒途径主要是经消化道;引起急性中毒的前五位的毒物分别是酒精、药物、农药、食物和CO;急性中毒的死亡率约为1.095％.     

426例小儿消化道出血的临床分析

目的 探讨小儿消化道出血的临床特点,了解小儿消化道出血的病因.方法 对我院2002年1月～2009年6月收治的426例消化道出血患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 426例患儿中,男孩多于女孩;婴幼儿期发生率最高,其中以新生儿期多见;农村儿童发生率高于城市儿童.上消化道出血的临床表现以呕血多见,下消化道出血以便血多见....     

哮喘儿童父母知识知晓率、用药依从性及影响因素分析

目的:了解哮喘儿童父母的对疾病知识的掌握情况以及儿童的服药依从情况和影响因素,为提高哮喘儿童的控制率提供参考依据。方法:选择2015年1月-2015年12月于上海市第十人民医院儿科门诊诊治的支气管哮喘儿童93例,调查其哮喘控制情况、哮喘服药依从性和父母基本情况与相关知识。依从性与知识知晓率的比较采用双向有序的检验,影响因素采用有序结果的累积优势Logistic回归分析。结果:本次调查93例哮喘儿童中,哮喘完全控制率为23.7%,儿童服药依从性好的比率为25.8%,哮喘儿童父母相关知识知晓率高的比率为25.8%,儿童哮喘控制率与服药依从性之间存在相关性(P=0.029),哮喘儿童服药依从性与哮喘儿童父母相关知识知晓率之间存在相关性(P=0.035)。哮喘儿童的服药依从性受到儿童性别(OR=1.153,95%CI:1.04-1.96)、家族史(OR=1.402,95%CI:1.20-2.33)、知识知晓率(OR=1.828,95%CI:1.05-3.17)和病程(OR=0.758,95%CI:0.35-0.97)等因素的影响(P0.05)。结论:哮喘儿童的服药依从性受到儿童性别、家族史、知识知晓率和病程等因素的影响,要充分发挥儿童父母的作用,从医院内干预逐渐进入家庭干预,通过对父母或者监护人的认知或用药知识的提高,切实提高哮喘儿童的用药依从性和哮喘的控制率。     

儿童急性盐酸克伦特罗中毒的急救与护理

儿童急性盐酸克伦特罗（瘦肉精）中毒的临床报道较少见.我院儿科于2000年7月～2009年10月收治盐酸克伦特罗中毒6例,经积极的治疗和护理,均痊愈出院,现报告如下.     

某医院儿童抽动障碍发病因素调查分析

目的:调查儿童抽动障碍发病情况,对其进行研究,了解抽动障碍发病特点及其相关危险因素,为制定预防措施提供来源依据。方法:选取2013年1月至2013年12月上海新华医院中医科就诊的抽动障碍儿童122例,发放问卷调查患儿的一般资料、家族史、既往史、母孕史、发病情况包括发病年龄、就诊年龄、病程进行分析。结果:122例患儿中发病年龄大多集中在10岁以前,为总发病儿童的93.4%,4~6岁的占45.9%,7~9岁的占39.3%。就诊年龄中6岁的占27.9%,6~8岁占39.3%,9~11岁占24.6%。病程6月的占13.1%,6~12月的占27.9%,1~2年的占19.7%,≥2年的占39.3%。其中36.1%有反复呼吸道感染史(OR1,P0.05);29.5%在生产中有轻度窒息(OR1,P0.05);11.5%有流产史(OR1,P0.05);13.1%有家族抽动障碍史(OR1,P(0.05);其中反复呼吸道感染、生产中轻度窒息、家族抽动障碍史是抽动障碍发病的危险因素。结论:儿童抽动障碍发病年龄较早,其起病可能是由多因素相互作用的结果,其中反复呼吸道感染、生产中轻度窒息、家族抽动障碍史是抽动障碍发病的危险因素。     

20例急性CO中毒患者的护理体会

急性CO中毒是常见的急性中毒之一。其主要是引起组织缺氧,导致严重的神经系统损伤,甚至造成中枢性呼吸循环衰竭而死亡[1]。我科于2011年12月～2012年2月共救治急性CO中毒患者20例,现将护理体会报告如下。     

以儿童呼吸道感染为主的非典型EBV感染报道

目的报道儿童EBV感染所致的临床疾病谱与年龄特点,以进一步提高对EBV感染诊治水平.方法回顾性分析了EBV-VCA-IgM或EBV-DNA-PCR诊断的690例儿童EBV感染的疾病分布和年龄分布特点.结果EBV感染儿童非典型传染性单核细胞增多症患儿422例,占61.16%,非典型EBV感染268例,占38.84%.非典型EBV感染中以呼吸道感染最为多见,为191例,占非典型EBV感染的71.27%.其他为皮炎或口炎、血小板减少性紫癜、腹泻病、川畸病、肠系膜或颈淋巴结炎、肾炎或肾病和CNS感染等.EBV感染致传染性单核细胞增多症和呼吸道感染在各年龄组的分布差异无显著性,EBV感染男女比为1.79：1.结论儿童EBV感染所致疾病多样,累及系统多,非典型表现以呼吸道感染为主.传染性单核细胞增多症和呼吸道感染在各年龄组间差异无显著性.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of hydrazone derivatives of 4-[3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and 4-[3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is an unresolved global concern, which needs urgent and coordinated action. One of the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) to combat antibiotic resistance is the development of new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria. In our effort to find new antibiotics, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 30 new pyrazole derivatives. These novel molecules have been synthesized by using readily available starting materials and benign reaction conditions. Some of these molecules have shown activity with MIC values as low as 0.78?µg/mL against four bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, active molecules are non-toxic to mammalian cell line.

     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.