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对2003年以来的竹子分子生物学研究进展进行了综述,包括现代分子手段在竹子分类学研究中的开发与应用,鞭芽发育、快速生长、开花、抗逆等相关的重要功能基因研究,基因组测序和转录组测序,遗传转化体系的建立等。这些为今后竹子生物学的研究提供了依据。 相似文献
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四川雅安地区刺竹和水竹开花年(2001~2006年)1月均温分别高出未开花年(1985~2000年)和多年(1985~2006年)平均值0.29℃和0.225℃;7月均温分别高出未开花年和多年平均值0.958℃和0.697℃;开花年年降水量分别比未开花年和多年平均值少124.9 mm和90.8 mm.开花和未开花水竹林小生境生态因子的调查显示,处于阳坡、光照条件好的样地开花明显多于处于阴坡、光照条件较差的样地;林内温度和湿度与竹子开花显著相关,开花样地内早上9时和中午2时平均温度和湿度均比未开花样地高.表明充足的光照、较高的林内温度、湿度,干旱和气温的升高在一定程度上起到了诱导和促进竹子开花的作用. 相似文献
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针对城市绿化竹种要求,选择生长和抗性指标,用集对分析方法,分析和评价华安竹种园200个丛生竹和散混生竹种(或变种)生态适应性,结果表明:丛生竹种中,黄竹、小叶琴丝竹、糯竹、花竹、乡土竹、妈竹、青竿竹、泰竹等在华安生态适应性好,银丝大眼竹、孟竹、大绿竹、麻竹、白节勒竹、撑篙竹、石角竹、大木竹、小刺竹、勃氏甜龙竹、鱼肚腩竹等竹种生态适应性较差,其它竹种适应性中等.而散混生竹种中,衢县苦竹、实心竹、南平倭竹、矮若竹、乌哺鸡竹、毛竹、高节竹、红哺鸡竹、毛环水竹、斑苦竹、满山爆竹、斑箨茶秆竹等竹种适应性较好;缅甸方竹、四季竹、玉山竹篌竹、花毛竹、金镶玉竹等竹种适应性较差,其它竹种适应性中等. 相似文献
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竹子木质素合成酶基因克隆与分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
苯丙氨酸解氨酶(Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase,PAL;EC 4.3.1.5)是木质素生物合成过程的关键酶和限速酶,竹材中的木质素含量的降低有利于提高竹浆的品质.采用RACE技术分别从黄古竹(Phyllostachys angusta)等4种竹子中克隆了PAL基因的全长序列,并进行了生物信息学分析.结果显示,PAL基因的开放读码框长度为2 136 bp,共编码712个氨基酸,具有2个外显子和1个内含子;对PAL蛋白单体的三维结构分析显示,PAL蛋白均含有大量的α螺旋和β折叠结构;基于邻接法的进化树对31种植物的PAL基因的氨基酸序列分析表明,竹类植物PAL的氨基酸序列之间同源性较高,与单子叶植物禾本科(除竹亚科植物外)的玉米和甘蔗等的亲缘关系较近,而与双子叶植物的辣椒、烟草、红参、莴笋等亲缘关系较远. 相似文献
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为探讨观赏竹叶片异质性的机理,根据麻竹(Dendrocalamus latiflorus)和绿竹(Bambusa oldhamii)叶绿体基因组序列开发SSR分子标记。结果表明,在麻竹和绿竹叶绿体基因组中分别存在87和86个SSR位点,其中三核苷酸重复类型最多,其次为单核苷酸重复类型。根据SSR位点设计21对引物,其中11对引物对6竹种能够扩增出稳定、清晰的条带,且具有多态性,引物有效率达到52.4%。聚类分析表明,6竹种可分为两大类群,与形态学分类结果基本一致。有4对引物在菲白竹(Pleioblastus fortunei)和白纹椎谷笹(Sasaella glabra f.albo-striata)的花叶中具有多态性,可作为区分观赏竹叶片异质性的分子标记。 相似文献
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大熊猫的主要食物是竹子。竹子是一种粗纤维含量很高的粗饲料。而大熊猫却以具肉食动物消化道特征的消化道来消化高纤维含量的竹子。为满足其生长发育需要 ,每天必须花费大量的时间去采食竹子 ,消耗大量的能量 ,同时采食大量的高纤维含量的竹子又会降低其它养分的消化率 ,这样一来造成恶性循环。因此如何提高大熊猫对竹子养分尤其是粗纤维的消化率有着十分重要的作用。我们采用给病弱大熊猫饲喂喷洒纤维素酶处理的竹子进行消化试验的方法 ,考察大熊猫对日粮养分的消化率 ,以期对病弱大熊猫的体况有所改善。1 材料与方法将长春市昆仑酶制剂… 相似文献
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Our 1995 "Checklist of the Anostraca" covered all species described through 31 December 1993 along with those described in
the volume from the Second International Large Branchiopod Symposium (Hydrobiologia 298). This supplement includes new species
(14) described through 31 December 1996, one change in rank and one new species discussed in this symposium volume, anew synonym,
and correction of errors discovered in the original. We do not update new range extensions. With these additions and changes,
we number the named anostracan fauna of the world at 273 species and six subspecies organized in 23 genera. The need for more
study of anostracan zoogeography is again demonstrated by the fact that seven of the 16 species added to the checklist are
know only from their type localities. Until we have more complete information on the distributions of the species, it will
not be possible to make an accurate evaluation of the status of anostracan biodiversity.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Summary. As part of the study of the Chironomidae fauna in lotic waters of North-Eastern Algeria, nine sampling stations in the Oued Charef basin were visited monthly during a study cycle. This work collected 7615 specimens forming a list of 75 species divided into four subfamilies. For North Africa, 23 species are reported for the first time, including six species of Tanypodinae (Paramerina vaillanti, P. berkana, Procladius lugens, Thienemannimyia zousfana, Trissopelopia longimana, Trissopelopia sp. and Zavrelimyia berberi), eight species of Chironominae (Cladotanytarsus vanderwulpi, Cryptochironomus obreptans, C. supplicans, Cryptotendipes usmaensis, Polypedilum sordens, Micropsectra fallax, M. contracta and Tanytarsus sylvaticus), and nine species of Orthocladinae (Cricotopus tibialis, Chaetocladius insolitus, C. piger, Tokunagaia rectangularis, Heterotrissocladius subpilosus, Limnophyes gurgicola, Nanocladius bicolor, Rheotanytarsus distinctissimus and Smittia sp.). In Algeria, 34 species are reported for the first time: seven Tanypodinae, 15 Chironominae and 12 Orthocladinae. In addition to the species reported as new for North Africa, the following ones can be added: Macropelopia nebulosa, Harnischia curtilamellatus, Microtendipes chloris, M. confinis, Polypedilum convictum, Stictochironomus sp., Paratanytarsus dissimilis, Cricotopus fuscus, C. trifascia and Pseudosmittia sp. This study has highlighted factors that control the distribution of the Chironomidae depending on characteristics of each site and the study season. The results have shown that the occurrence and diversity of chironomid species in these streams are significantly influenced by conductivity, temperature, current velocity and the type of substratum, while altitude had no significant effect on chironomid occurrence and distribution. The Motomura analysis and the ecological indices comparison have shown that the sampled stations are widely different. Despite the extreme environmental conditions undergone by streams of this area (eutrophication, high temperatures, drought in summer and water abstraction), Oued Chaniour was the richest and most balanced community, comprising 40 mostly stenotopic species, which require undisturbed conditions. 相似文献
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Checklist of Chironomidae records from China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A checklist is presented of Chironomidae from China listing 230 species belonging to 75 genera. 相似文献
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Jujube trees and yields are affected by various diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, phytoplasma and parasitic plants. Nearly 30 kinds of jujube diseases, such as rust, anthracnose, white rot, fruit rots, ascochyta spot, fruit shrink, dieback and witches’-broom, have been known so far. The purpose of this review is to compile the literature published about different aspects of the most threatening diseases occurring in jujube worldwide. Natural occurrence of diseases of minor importance is listed. 相似文献
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Masoumeh Shayanmehr Elliyeh Yahyapour Morteza Kahrarian Elham Yoosefi Lafooraki 《ZooKeys》2013,(335):69-83
The Collembola fauna of Iran is little known and no comprehensive examination of this group of Hexapoda is available for this region. The only notable work on Collembola was carried out by Cox (1982). Recently, studies on the Collembola fauna have started in several regions. In this paper, publications by different researchers are documented and the species that have been found in different regions of Iran until January 2013 are listed. At present, 112 species, belonging to 18 families and 57 genera are known from Iran. 相似文献
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《Zoology in the Middle East.》2012,58(1):59-70
Abstract This paper updates POP’s (1938–1964) checklists of Romanian Lumbricidae with the taxa newly described, relocated or modified since then. It comprises a comparative outlook which briefly reflects also the history of the lumbricid systematics during the last seven decades. The checklist is based on a thoroughly re-examined material kept in the Zoological Museum of the Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, and in the Biological Research Institute in Cluj-Napoca. A comparative table shows the taxa accepted by Pop, an up-dated list of the recently described species, and some dubious specie either relocated or eliminated. The earthworm fauna of Romania is quite well known; in the last 45 years, the list was augmented to 71 taxa. As compared with the fauna of the surrounding countries, the lumbricid earthworm fauna of Romania is very rich in number of species and especially in number of endemic elements. The 71 earthworm species found in Romania can be assigned to 12 zoogeographic categories dominated by the Dacian (29%) and Carpathian (14%) endemics. 相似文献
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中国口蘑属种类名录 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过系统的文献收集 ,汇总了口蘑属 (Tricholoma)在中国的 91个名称记录 ,并对其研究现状和分布进行了简述。文献调查结果表明 ,口蘑属种类广泛分布于中国的 2 7个省区 ,其中以黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、贵州、四川、云南、西藏 ,青海、甘肃、河北、山西和陕西等地的报道较多 ,其他地区如台湾、香港、安徽、福建、广东、广西、海南、河南、湖南、湖北、江苏、山东、新疆 ,浙江也有一些报道。根据《国际植物命名法规》和《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》 ,作者订正了中文文献中的一些拉丁和汉语学名 ,同时对形态描述和鉴定等方面的问题也进行了简要的讨论。在已报道的口蘑属名称记录中 ,能够得到承认的本属名称有 43个种和 3个变种 ,属内其他种类名称的异名有 8个 ,而已经转移到其他属的有 3 0个 ,在命名法上模糊不清名称有 3个 ,错拼名称有 2个 ,另有未定名种 2个。目前能够承认的名称是酸涩口蘑 (T .acerbum)、白棕口蘑 (T .albobrunneum)、白口蘑(T .album)、银盖口蘑 (T .argyraceum)、黑鳞口蘑 (T .atrosquamosum)、橙柄口蘑 (T.aurantiipes)、金黄褶口蘑 (T .auratum)、傻松口蘑 (T .bakamatsutake)、欧洲口蘑 (T .caligatum)、灰环口蘑 (T.cingulatum)、银白口蘑 (T .colum betta)、油口蘑 (T . 相似文献
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本文报道分离自中国西北地区—新疆、青海、甘肃和陕西的青霉菌Penicillium及其有性型正青霉Eupenicillium和篮状菌Talaromyces共47种,包括三个中国新记录种: 皮壳正青霉Eupenicillium crustaceum,真灰绿正青霉Eupenicillium euglaucum和西奈正青霉Penicillium sinaicum,并对此三个种作了描述并附线条图和子囊孢子的扫描电镜照片。 相似文献