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1.
2016年11月,于西藏自治区墨脱县雅鲁藏布江支流哈果河中采集到一批墨头鱼属鱼类标本,经鉴定为一新种,命名为西藏墨头鱼(Garra tibetana sp. nov.)。该种曾一度被误认为Garra kempi Hora 1921。经形态对比,该新种与G. kempi及同属其他近似物种的主要鉴别特征包括:吻部具微弱额突,吻前端横叶及两侧有若干角质单尖棘突;胸腹部均有鳞片覆盖;背鳍分枝鳍条7? ~ 8?,臀鳍分枝鳍条4?;侧线鳞39 ~ 42,背前鳞13 ~ 14,围尾柄鳞12 ~ 13;体高为体长的13.5% ~ 17.6%,尾柄高为体长的8.8% ~ 11.0%,肛门至臀鳍起点为腹鳍起点至臀鳍起点距离的47% ~ 56%。 相似文献
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对2004-2006年采集于雅鲁藏布江拉萨河的190尾黑斑原鮡进行了繁殖生物学研究。雄性最小性成熟(精巢Ⅳ期)个体体长141.7mm,体重45.2g,性体指数1.09%,雌性最小性成熟(卵巢Ⅳ期)个体体长146.8mm,体重66.7g性体指数11.52%,相应年龄均为5龄。初次性成熟年龄(L50):♂,170.1mm相应年龄为7龄;♀,150.2mm,相应年龄5龄。通过组织切片法和GSI的周年变化分析,繁殖时间集中在5-6月,每年繁殖一次,繁殖之后的6-8月卵巢从Ⅵ期回复到Ⅲ期,9月卵巢发育到Ⅳ期越冬。卵径频率分布显示,卵巢发育类型为分批同步型,卵巢中至少存在2批卵径,每年成熟一批卵并同时产出,产卵类型为完全同步产卵。卵黏性,成熟卵卵径在2.04-3.37mm之间,平均(2.83±0.16)mm。对19尾产卵前夕(体长为151.0-210.0mm)的标本进行统计,其绝对繁殖力范围在525-2058粒之间,平均为(1244±346)粒,相对繁殖力为(14.7±5.8)粒/g。绝对繁殖力与体长呈直线正相关,表达式为F=13.624L-1187。 相似文献
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藏南柳区砾岩中古植物化石组合及其特征 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
柳区砾岩是在印度和欧亚板块碰撞之后伴随造山带的后期演化所形成的一套具有重要大地构造意义的山前磨拉石建造,它对确定印度/亚洲板块碰撞时间的上限、探讨青藏高原的隆升历史具有重要意义。作者等最近在野外考察过程中在该套磨拉石的上部层位再次找到了一批植物化石,经研究鉴定约有10余种,隶属7科9属。相比前人发现,这些植物化石多是新出现的科属种,而且大多数是已经灭绝的类型,与现生种的关系较远,因此它们的发现为西藏及喜马拉雅地区的古生物及古气候环境研究提供了重要信息,是对这一地区生物化石的重要增补。文中报道这些植物化石组合及其区系特征,探讨这些化石植物组合所反映的古气候条件,并对一些主要的植物化石特征进行了比较详细的描述。 相似文献
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西地中海地区早白垩世阿普特期"costata亚带"(O’Dogherty,1994)的带化石"Turbocapsula costata( Wu)",源自藏南赛诺曼期冲堆组的Tricapsula costata Wu。2002年,Matsuoka等把藏南下鲁硅岩层位最高的放射虫带与"costata亚带"对比,称为"Turbocapsulacostata"带,并认为冲堆组时代也应为阿普特期。但西地中海区的"Turbocapsula costata( Wu)"和冲堆组的Tricapsula costata Wu,虽然壳体外形相似,但壳体结构却有重要差别,不是相同属种。前者种名和相应的化石带名都需重新命名。下鲁硅岩的"Turbocapsula costata(Wu)",据图版所示特征,应为Tricapsula costata。下鲁硅岩顶部的时代为晚白垩世赛诺曼期。 相似文献
6.
对西藏特有豆科灌木砂生槐种子库特征研究表明 :雅鲁藏布江中游河谷阶地天然砂生槐种群种子库平均密度变化于 6 .8~ 2 5 .2粒 /m2 。相距 1 0 0 km以上的地区、相隔 1 0 0 m以上的样地以及 2 0 cm× 2 0 cm的连续小样方间种子库密度均存在显著差异 ,不同地区的种子库密度的变异 4倍左右 ,而样地间的变异 3倍左右 ,但样地内小样方间的变异则更大 ,在调查的 90 0个小样方中 ,种子库密度为 0、2 5、5 0、75、1 0 0粒 /m2 分别占 6 3%、2 6 %、8%、2 %、1 % ,种子库密度大于 1 2 5粒 /m2 不足 1 %。地区、样地和小样方尺度上的方差分别为总方差的 3% ,2 1 .2 %和 75 .8%。种子库中种子主要集中在地表 ,占 70 %左右 ,0~ 2 cm土层占 1 7.9% ,2~ 5 cm占 1 1 .9% ,5 cm以下基本没有种子存在。在地形较平坦的相对封闭的丘间低地 ,风力、流水和重力对种群的干扰相对较轻 ,可以近似地视为无干扰生境。在这种生境砂生槐种群发育较好 ,以 2 0 cm× 2 0 cm的小样方为单元 ,85 %的小样方都有种子分布。风、流水和重力都不同程度地搬运砂生槐种子 ,其中风力搬运的距离一般在 6 m左右 ,重力搬运的距离一般在 1 0 m左右。流水搬运的距离因地形、水流强度而变化较大。风力和重力搬运的距离虽然相对较短 ,但为流水的搬运 相似文献
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西藏南部放射虫微体古生物研究进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
西藏南部的雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩带以及该带之南的沉积地层带(特提期沉积区,北喜马拉雅亚区)中广泛发育着大量含放射虫地层,放射虫研究在确定该区蛇绿岩的形成时代,解释造山带复杂的地层层序以及揭示印度板块与欧亚板块在古近纪碰撞老祖宗前的古海洋盆地的演化历史等方面发挥了重要作用。根据已发表的文献以及我们正在进行中的初步成果显示,藏南地区的含放射虫地层的时代分布之中三叠世(安尼期)至晚白垩(土仑期)。这些地层的岩性包括硅质岩,硅质泥岩,凝灰质细碎屑岩和泥晶灰岩等,尽管藏南的放射虫研究已取得一些成果,但系统的放射虫研究与地层研究仍然有待于进一步深入开展。 相似文献
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西藏"一江两河"流域鸟类资源调查初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
自2006年以来对西藏"一江两河"流域的鸟类资源进行了观测与考察,共记录鸟类15目37科125种,约占全国鸟类的9.4%.该区域鸟类以古北界成分为主,达78种,占总数的62.4%,此外还有东洋界鸟类22种,广布种25种.鸟类中多为留鸟,种类达84种,占到总数的67.2%,冬候鸟29种,夏候鸟12种.该区域有多种被保护的鸟类资源,其中IUCN收录6种,CITES收录19种,中国濒危物种红皮书收录13种;中国重点保护动物名录收录20种. 相似文献
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Joshua V. Peñalba Ian J. Mason Richard Schodde Craig Moritz Leo Joseph 《Journal of Biogeography》2017,44(10):2247-2258
10.
Swenson NG 《Molecular ecology》2010,19(24):5324-5327
The present-day spatial distribution of interspecific contact zones and intraspecific phylogeographical breaks provides a window into the past ecological and evolutionary processes that underlie speciation and species ranges. The clustering of contact zones and/or phylogeographical breaks in space indicates the suturing of diverged biotas. The presence of such suture zones indicates that similar ecological and historical factors have influenced the past and present distributions of populations and their divergence. Thus, suture zones are ideal natural laboratories for studying divergence, secondary contact and speciation across many different taxa. The concept of suture zones was formalized decades ago by Remington (1968), but only a few detailed and quantitative investigations of suture zones exist (Swenson & Howard 2004, 2005; Whinnett et al. 2005; Moritz et al. 2009). This limited number of investigations is largely because of a lack of detailed geographical data and sophisticated analytical tools. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Rissler & Smith (2010) have accomplished a detailed investigation into the suturing of amphibian lineages in the United States which uses both detailed geographical data and sophisticated analytical methods. The work greatly enhances our knowledge of suture zones by extending previous work that has focused less on amphibians and by explicitly considering the relationship between species richness and suture zones. 相似文献
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藏南聂拉木地区首次发现的早侏罗世Lithiotis生物岩礁,证明特提啼马拉雅地块于早侏罗世后期已开始向北运移。并且至少在早托尔斯已接近的或达到能够适应Lithiotios繁衍的低纬度区域。 相似文献
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A brachiopod fauna including 19 species of 17 genera from an exotic block in the Indus–Tsangpo suture zone in southern Tibet is described and illustrated. The brachiopod fauna is dominated by Martinia elegans and two new taxa: Jinomarginifera lhazeensis gen. et sp. nov. and Zhejiangospirifer giganteus sp. nov. The fauna is closely comparable with those from the middle and upper parts of the Wargal Formation and the Chhidru Formation in the Salt Range of Pakistan, the Chitichun Limestone in southern Tibet, and the Basleo area of West Timor, and these correlations suggest a Wuchiapingian age. The fauna exhibits substantial links with both peri–Gondwanan and Cathaysian faunas, which may imply that it is a seamount biota originally located in the southern margin of the Neotethys during the Late Permian, and was later (in the early Cenozoic) displaced and became sandwiched into younger marine deposits in the collision process between India and Eurasia. 相似文献
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西藏南部洛扎地区中生代遗迹化石及其环境意义 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
详细描述了西藏南部洛扎地区中生代地层中所含的遗迹化石Arenicolitessp .,Beaconitesantarcticus,Chondritessp .A ,C .sp .B ,C .sp .C ,C .sp .D ,?Cruzianasemiplicata ,Palaeophycustubularis,Phycodescircina tum ,Protovirgulariadichotoma ,Skolithosverticalis,Teichichnusrectus和Unaritessuleki计 1 0遗迹属 1 3遗迹种 。 相似文献
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巨须裂腹鱼Schizothorax macropogon和双须叶须鱼Ptychobarbus dipogon是雅鲁藏布江特有的重要经济鱼类, 具有多种人体必需脂肪酸, 营养价值高, 但其组织结构和内部性状可直接影响口感。为明确西藏2种裂腹鱼鱼肉的质构特征差异, 保护西藏裂腹鱼资源及其合理开发利用, 采用质地多面剖析法(TPA)分析了西藏雅鲁藏布江日喀则江段和林芝江段的2种裂腹鱼(巨须裂腹鱼、双须叶须鱼)的12项鱼肉质构特征指标, 主成分分析(PCA)表明雅鲁藏布江林芝江段双须叶须鱼鱼肉质构特征较日喀则江段2种裂腹鱼及林芝江段巨须裂腹鱼存在较大差异。析因分析表明可将雅鲁藏布江2种裂腹鱼鱼肉质构特征归纳为硬度、克服鱼肉表面与接触物吸引力及收缩性等3大类4个主成分指标, 前4个主成分累计方差贡献率达81.472%, 可将这3大类4个主成分指标作为雅鲁藏布江裂腹鱼鱼肉质构特征的主要判定参数。研究为后续合理开发利用雅鲁藏布江不同江段的裂腹鱼类提供科学数据。 相似文献
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Renbin Zhan David A. T. Harper Jisuo Jin Yan Liang Jianbo Liu Lars Stemmerik Svend Stouge 《Palaeontology》2014,57(1):141-170
A Darriwilian (late Middle Ordovician) brachiopod fauna from the Lower Formation of the Chiatsun Group at Jiacun, northern Nyalam, southern Tibet, consists of ten brachiopod species, forming a distinct Aporthophyla–Paralenorthis Association. Its taxonomic composition is typical of the Aporthophyla Fauna that occupied lower BA2 to upper BA3 benthic environments on sandy lime mud substrates. The occurrence of Paralenorthis in southern Tibet is confirmed for the first time, represented by P. costata sp. nov. Numerical analyses (PCA and CA) of 18 Darriwilian brachiopod faunas from ten palaeoplates or terranes indicate that: (1) the Aporthophyla Fauna was confined to a specific latitudinal belt although it had a wide lateral distribution from the large palaeocontinents of Gondwana to Laurentia; (2) the Saucrorthis Fauna, a typical late Middle Ordovician regional fauna, is limited to a much smaller area, marginal to the Gondwana supercontinent; (3) the strong provincialism persistent in the late Middle Ordovician contributed to increased gamma biodiversity during the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 相似文献
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Allison M. Loveless Dawn M. Reding Paul M. Kapfer Monica Papeş 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2016,117(4):842-857
Despite a broad distribution, general habitat requirements, and a large dispersal potential, bobcats (Lynx rufus) exhibit a genetic division that longitudinally transects central North America. We investigated (1) whether the climate of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21 kya) isolated bobcats into refugia and also whether the current climate influences gene flow between the segregate populations and (2) whether the geographical patterns in cranial morphology reflect population identity. We created ecological niche models (ENMs) to evaluate climatic suitability and to estimate distributions of the disparate populations under both historical (LGM) and contemporary conditions. We used two‐dimensional geometric morphometric methods to evaluate variations in the cranium and mandible. These variations were then regressed across geographical variables to assess morphological differences throughout the range of the bobcat. ENMs projected onto LGM climate provided evidence of refugia during the LGM via increased suitability in the north‐west and south‐east portions of this species' range. Contemporarily, our models suggest that the Great Plains may be restricting bobcat migration and gene flow, effectively maintaining disparate populations. Morphological analyses identified a significant linear trend in shape variation across latitudinal and longitudinal gradients rather than distinct morphological divergence between lineages. Similar shape variations, however, did converge in approximate locations of assumed refugia. The findings of the present study provide a robust assessment of the biogeographical considerations for the population genetic structure of bobcats. 相似文献
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Phytoplankton of the Southern Ocean, 140–148°E and 40–53°S, was sampled from early austral summer Nov. 1995 to Dec. 1995 to
examine cell abundance, cell volume and biomass (cell carbon) distribution across the fronts. A total of 90 phytoplankton
taxa were identified. They were 50 diatoms, 37 dinoflagellates, 2 silicoflagellates, and 1 prymnesiophyte. 73 species were
observed from north of the subtropical convergence zone and 71 species from south of the subtropical convergence zone.Pseudonitzschia spp. was the most widely distributed species. Nanoplankton predominated cell number of phytoplankton throughout the stations.
The abundance of diatoms was higher than that of dinofiagellates. Total biomass profiles were dependent to microphytoplankton
biomass. Maximum cell number and biomass were observed from subsurface layer. Phytoplankton community changed across the subtropical
convergence zone and 50–53°S (antarctic convergence zone), and physicoehemical factors seem to controll the distribution. 相似文献
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《微体古生物学报》2015,(4)
根据最新的国际年代地层表,侏罗/白垩系界线是显生宇系一级唯一没有GSSP(全球界线层型与点位)的界线。位于特提斯喜马拉雅北亚带的江孜地区,发育了连续的侏罗/白垩系界线地层,是目前国内海相侏罗/白垩纪界线生物地层学研究最具潜在竞争力的地区之一。本文在西藏南部江孜地区甲不热北沟剖面甲不拉组底部往上3.9米处及19.3米处首次发现了胶结壳底栖有孔虫动物群,共计4属11种:Ammobaculites agglutinans,Ammobaculites sp.1,Ammobaculites sp.2,Ammobaculites sp.3,Ammobaculites sp.4,Ammobaculites sp.5,Glomospira charoides,Haplophragmoides gigas minor,Haplophragmoides sp.1,Haplophragmoides sp.2,Reophax texanus。根据该动物群重要分子的地质时限推测,甲不拉组底部往上3.9米处就已经属于白垩系地层。因此甲不拉组底部胶结壳有孔虫动物群的发现支持了将甲不拉组划归白垩系的意见。 相似文献
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During a field expedition on the southern slope of Himalayas, we photographed a golden jackal at the Alpine meadow and scrubland (85°24’27″E, 28°23’32″N, elevation 3400 m) in Jilong County, Tibet, on July 7, 2018. This is the first confirmed field record of golden jackal (Canis aureus) in China, and also a new occurrence record to its global distribution. Further research is needed to determine its population and distribution status along the China-Nepal borders and the adjacent areas. 相似文献

