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植物转录因子与基因调控 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
转录因子是一群DNA结合蛋白,在调控基因表达上起着重要作用。典型的转录因子含有DNA结合区、转录调控区、寡聚化位点及核定位信号区等功能区。有关转录因子结构和功能的研究是植物分子生物学研究的前沿领域,其研究成果对农作物性状的改良具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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bHLH(basic/helix-loop-helix)转录因子在真核生物的生长发育过程中起着重要的调控作用,它们组成了转录因子中的一个大家族。bHLH转录因子不仅普遍参与了植物的生长发育,包括毛状体的发生、光形态建成和光信号转导,而且在植物响应逆境胁迫和次生代谢方面也具有重要作用。对植物bHLH转录因子的结构特点及其生物学功能进行综述。 相似文献
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紫苏[Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.]是一种富含α-亚麻酸等多不饱和脂肪酸的特色油料作物,具有重要的开发利用价值。Dof转录因子是植物特有的转录因子家族之一,广泛参与植物生长发育和代谢调控等重要生物学过程。为挖掘参与紫苏种子油脂合成的关键Dof转录因子,并系统解析其调控机制,本研究基于紫苏基因组与转录组数据,共鉴定出56个PfDofs基因家族成员,依据序列特征划分为4个亚家族,均具有高度保守的C2−C2锌指结构域,片段重复是其进化和扩增的主要驱动力;同一亚组基因结构和保守基序种类、数量相似;56个PfDofs转录因子均为不稳定的亲水性蛋白,α-螺旋和无规则卷曲是其主要组成构件。转录组测序分析表明,11个PfDofs基因在紫苏发育种子中差异表达。利用实时荧光定量PCR (real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)进一步验证这11个成员在紫苏根、茎、叶、花和不同发育时期种子中的表达模式,结果表明PfDof29在种子中表达量最高,其表达模式与转录组测序结果一致。亚细胞定位显示PfDof29定位于细胞核,且具有转录激活活性。过表达PfDof29的烟草叶片总油脂含量显著上升,淀粉和可溶性糖含量降低,而蛋白质含量无显著变化。此外,转基因烟草叶片饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的代谢平衡发生改变,其中α-亚麻酸含量显著增加;同时,脂肪酸去饱和酶基因NtFAD2、NtFAD3和NtFAD8表达显著上调。酵母单杂交试验表明,PfDof29转录因子能直接与PfFAD8基因的启动子区域结合,调控PfFAD8基因表达。本研究初步解析了PfDof转录因子在紫苏油脂合成与积累中的调控机制,为提高紫苏籽油含量及品质改良提供了新思路。 相似文献
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玉米纹枯病是影响玉米产量和品质的重要病害之一。转录因子WRKY家族部分成员能够调控水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯信号传递方式来激发防卫反应基因的表达。在NCBI上检索玉米中WRKY家族成员及拟南芥中抗病相关的WRKY家族成员,利用CLUSTAL X和MEGA5.05构建系统进化树,发现转录因子WRKY76可能参与玉米抗纹枯病的调控途径。该研究以玉米抗纹枯病材料R15和感病材料Ye478为对象,在玉米拔节期接种立枯丝核菌AG1-IA,首先分别于接菌前(对照)和接菌后1、2、4、6、12、24 h取叶鞘;然后分别进行水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯胁迫处理,分别于处理前(对照)和处理后1、2、4、6、12 h取叶鞘,提取RNA,实时荧光定量PCR分析WRKY76转录因子基因在玉米叶鞘组织中不同胁迫条件下的差异表达。结果表明:在立枯丝核菌AG1-IA胁迫下,WRKY76转录因子基因在胁迫后1 h表达量达最大值,抗病材料R15的相对表达量高于感病材料Ye478且差异显著(P≤0.05);经水杨酸(Salicylic Acid,SA)处理,WRKY76在抗感材料中表达趋势相似,在感病材料掖478中,WRKY76被诱导而显著地上调表达,在抗病材料中,相对表达量峰值出现在胁迫后4 h,且相对表达量低于感病材料掖478。经茉莉酸甲酯(Methyl jasmine,Me JA)处理,WRKY76基因在感病材料中呈现下调表达趋势。WRKY76基因在1 h表达量为对照的0.6倍,其他调查时间点基本都在0.1~0.3之间。在抗病材料R15中,WRKY76基因表达呈现上升趋势,变化趋势不明显。这表明WRKY76转录因子基因能够被病原物、SA、Me JA诱导表达,可能参与植物抗纹枯病调控途径。 相似文献
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PIF7基因属于bHLH家族转录因子,在植物的萌发中具有重要作用,但在茶树中研究较少。为探索茶树光敏色素相互作用因子CsPIF7基因在茶树萌发中发挥的作用,本研究克隆了CsPIF7基因,亚细胞定位结果显示其编码的蛋白定位于细胞核中。酵母单杂交和双荧光素酶实验表明,CsPIF7可以直接结合茶树植物细胞壁扩展蛋白编码基因CsEXP启动子片段(7–321 bp),并抑制其表达。说明CsPIF7可通过抑制CsEXP表达,从而调节茶树的萌发。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,CsPIF7和CsEXP均在芽中有高表达,且CsPIF7和CsEXP均响应脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)的处理,并表现出相反的趋势。此外,CsPIF7和CsEXP还响应4℃冷胁迫处理。上述结果表明CsPIF7通过响应ABA,进而调控CsEXP的表达,最终影响茶树新梢的萌发。本研究为揭示PIF7基因调控茶树新梢萌发的机理奠定了理论与实验基础。 相似文献
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十字花科黑腐病菌(Xcc8004)中的一个转录调控因子XC_2736 (HpaR1)在致病过程中具有重要的作用.前期研究发现该转录调控因子可能调控胞外纤维素酶的合成.为了解HpaR1对纤维素酶的转录调控机理,本研究对HpaR1进行原核表达纯化,并与488 bp的包含XC_0639的启动子区DNA片段进行凝胶电泳迁移率试验,发现HpaR1与XC_0639启动子可以发生结合.将488 bp的XC_0639的启动子DNA片段与报告基因gus融合,构建XC_0639的报告质粒pGUS0639r,分别导入野生型8004菌株和缺失突变体DM2736中,分析发现在突变体背景下GUS的表达水平比野生型背景明显降低.表明HpaR1正调控XC_0639的表达.构建XC_0639的极性整合突变体PK0639,检测发现PK0639几乎丧失胞外纤维素酶的活力;通过功能反式互补构建的互补菌株CPK0639可以恢复纤维素酶活性.研究结果表明HpaR1通过调控纤维素酶基因XC_0639的表达来调控细胞的纤维素酶活性.本研究为更深入地了解HpaR1如何调控细菌生理生化功能奠定了基础. 相似文献
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真核基因转录与染色质修饰机制及转录因子间的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
真核基因的表达调控是当前分子生物学研究领域的前沿科学,其中的发展日新月异,涉及面广,从染色质结构的改变到转录因子间的相互作用形成了一个复杂的网络关系,各因素之间的协调作用是真核生物体内基因表达调控的关键所在。 相似文献
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Hemicellulose represents a rich source of biomass that can be converted into useful chemical feedstocks. One of the main components of hemicellulose is xylan, a polymer of xylose residues. Xylanase enzymes that hydrolyze xylan are therefore of great commercial interest. We have cloned a gene (xyn11A) that encodes a 283-amino acid xylanase enzyme from the fungus Lentinula edodes. The enzyme has a pI of 4.6 and belongs to the highly conserved glycosyl hydrolase family 11. The xylanase gene was cloned into a Pichia pastoris expression vector that secretes active enzyme into both solid and liquid media. The optimal reaction conditions were at pH 4.5 and 50°C. The enzyme had a Km of 1.5 mg/ml and a Vmax of 2.1 mmol/min/mg. Xyn11A produced primarily xylobiose, xylotriose, and xylotetraose from a birchwood xylan substrate. This is the first report on the cloning of a hemicellulase gene from L. edodes. 相似文献
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The gene encoding Lentinula edodes glucoamylase (GLA) was cloned into Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expressed constitutively and secreted in an active form. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, anion exchange and affinity chromatography. The protein had a correct N-terminal sequence of WAQSSVIDAYVAS,
indicating that the signal peptide was efficiently cleaved. The recombinant enzyme was glycosylated with a 2.4% carbohydrate
content. It had a pH optimum of 4.6 and a pH 3.4–6.4 stability range. The temperature optimum was 50°C with stability ≤50°C.
The enzyme showed considerable loss of activity when incubated with glucose (44%), glucosamine (68%), galactose (22%), and
xylose (64%). The addition of Mn++ activated the enzyme by 45%, while Li+, Zn++, Mg++, Cu+, Ca++, and EDTA had no effect. The enzyme hydrolyzed amylopectin at rates 1.5 and 8.0 times that of soluble starch and amylose,
respectively. Soluble starch was hydrolyzed 16 and 29 times faster than wheat and corn starch granules, respectively, with
the hydrolysis of starch granules using 10× the amount of GLA. Apparent Km and Vmax for soluble starch were estimated to be 3.0 mg/ml and 0.13 mg/ml/min (40°C, pH 5.3), with an apparent kcat of 2.9×105 min−1. 相似文献
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香菇(Lentinula edodes)是重要的食药用木腐菌,在目前林业资源日渐匮乏的背景下,探寻合适的代料以支持香菇产业的持续发展显得尤为重要。以不同比例的高粱秸秆替代部分木屑对香菇栽培进行设施化试验,并通过测定香菇菌棒的总糖、木质素、纤维素、钙离子、磷离子、pH以及香菇的蛋白质、总糖和产量等指标,来选择最优的配比以达到产量和品质的平衡。结果表明,高粱秸秆替代部分木屑后均能正常出菇且显著提高了产量,其中当菌棒中15%比例的木屑被高粱秸秆替代时,产量提高最为显著,每个菌棒的平均产量达到正常菌棒的约1.65倍,并且该比例下的香菇品质也得到了一定程度的提升。此结果表明高粱秸秆在香菇代料栽培的设施化产业中具有很好的经济和利用价值。 相似文献
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Analysis of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from Lentinula edodes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The 1,031 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes were generated as a pilot experiment to see distribution of genes expressed in L. edodes. Among them, genes for hydrophobin, which are specifically found in filamentous fungi, were the most frequently obtained ESTs (33 times), suggesting that they are highly expressed in L. edodes. In addition to known hydrophobin 1 and 2 types, our analysis revealed the existence of novel types of hydrophobin, which we named hydrophobin 3, 4, and 5. The second and the third most highly obtained ESTs were phosphatidylserine decarboxylase and formate dehydrogenase, which were obtained eight and seven times, respectively. It should be noted that two important genes (argonaute and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) involved in the RNAi pathway were found, suggesting a future application for gene knock-down by RNA interference. The 53 ESTs were identical with the sequences already reported in L. edodes. The 433 ESTs were found to show significant sequence similarity (E value <1 x 10(-5)) with the proteins reported (or predicted) in other species. In total, 387,952 bp were sequenced and registered in DDBJ/GenBank (accession number BJ998097-BJ999127). 相似文献
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A strain of the basidiomycete Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) was newly identified from the mushroom library of Mori Sangyo Co., Ltd., Japan. This strain, named MIL-LEW-M13-1, is capable of forming the fruiting body on sawdust-based medium without a reduction in temperature. Mating experiments with a monokaryotic mycelium of L. edodes strain that does require low temperature for fruiting–body formation suggest that the unique property of the MIL-LEW-M13-1 strain is a dominant trait that can be inherited by its progeny in a nucleus-dependent manner. 相似文献
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Mata Gerardo Salmones Dulce Ortega Perla Ma. 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2000,16(3):283-287
The viability of two strains of Lentinula edodes and two of L. boryana under cryogenic storage during 1 week has been studied from the evaluation of five contact periods (1, 1.5, 2, 3 and 5 h) of the cryoprotector, glycerol 10% (v/v), with the mycelium. On average, 99.25% of samples were recovered, 1.5 h being the best contact period. Afterwards, samples of the strains, before and after the cryogenic process, were cultivated at a pilot plant using a mix of Carpinus carolineana sawdust, rice bran and sorghum grains as substrate. The evaluation parameters were: days of incubation, primordia initiation, number of flushes, fruiting body sizes and biological efficiency (EB). Only L. edodes developed carpophores. On average, 3–4 flushes were obtained, which reached EB of 67.1 ± 30.7 to 74.7 ± 24.5 with no statistical differences detected between the yields. The majority of fructification sizes ranged from 5 to 14.9 cm. Morphological differences between the samples before and after the treatment were not observed. 相似文献
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【背景】 食用菌交配型和单单杂交杂合子的鉴定通常采用显微镜检测观察是否具有锁状联合的方式进行,存在耗时长、工作量大且易出现误检等问题。【目的】 建立一种鉴定香菇单核体交配型和单单杂交后代的分子辅助育种技术,为提高育种效率提供技术支撑。【方法】 利用交配型因子保守序列单核苷酸多态性(single-nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)位点设计分型引物,建立等位基因特异性PCR (allele-specific PCR, AS-PCR)技术,鉴定香菇L808和YX7的单孢分离株交配型及其杂交后代。【结果】 AS-PCR鉴定结果表明,L808的38个单孢分离株中,交配型为A1B1、A2B2、A1B2和A2B1的单核体分别有6、13、8和11个;YX7的45个单孢分离株中,交配型为A3B3、A4B4、A3B4和A4B3的单核体分别有15、8、8和12个,交配型为A3A4B3B4的异核体2个;12个单单杂交菌株中,10个为真正的杂合子,2个为非杂合子。传统方法与AS-PCR分子鉴定结果完全一致,但前者容易将异核体误判为单核体。【结论】 基于SNP位点的AS-PCR技术能有效鉴别香菇单核体交配型和单单杂交后代,区分单核体与异核体,具有精准、高效的特点,是一种香菇分子辅助育种的理想工具。 相似文献

