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江西桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区两栖动物资源调查 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
江西桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区自成立以来,一直未进行过两栖动物资源调查。为掌握两栖动物本底资源现状,评价当地的生物多样性,作者于2005年4月下旬至5月上旬、8月中旬、2006年7月下旬,前后3次对该保护区两栖动物资源进行了实地调查。保护区现已记录两栖动物19种,隶属2目7科,占江西省39种两栖动物的48.72%。其中以16种东洋界物种为主,广布种3种,无古北界物种。东洋界物种包括10种华中区与华南区共有种及6种华中区物种。这种动物区系组成特点与保护区在动物地理区划上属东洋界华中区东部丘陵平原亚区一致。此次考察增加赣北(鄱阳湖)平原省两栖动物新纪录6种,分别是中国雨蛙(Hyla chinensis)、弹琴蛙(Hylarana adenopleura)、阔褶水蛙(H.latouchii)、花臭蛙(Odorrana schmackeri)、斑腿树蛙(Rhacophorus megacephalus)和小弧斑姬蛙(Microhyla heymonsi)。最后,结合调查结果对保护区内两栖动物的分布和资源现状进行了分析。 相似文献
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湖南阳明山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
生物资源本底调查与监测数据是自然保护区开展保护管理工作的基础.为促进自然保护区的有效管理和加强生物多样性的科学保护,2002年8月中下旬、2002年11月中旬,对湖南阳明山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源进行了实地调查.综合作者1984年6~7月和1993年8月在该保护区实地调查的结果显示:阳明山国家级自然保护区现已记录两栖类1目6科23种、爬行类2目9科39种.其动物地理区划属东洋界、华中区、东部丘陵平原亚区,动物区系组成以54种东洋界种类占明显优势,并以46种东洋界华中区与华南区共有种为主.虎纹蛙Hoplobatrachus rugulosus为国家Ⅱ级重点保护野,丰动物,其余61种均属国家保护的有益的或者有重要经济、科学研究价值的陆生野牛动物;有4种被列入CITES附录11;14种为中国特有种;23种资源量丰富.阳明山国家级自然保护区为新种寒露林蛙Rana hanluica Shen,Jiang et Yang,2007的模式标本产地.根据资源现状与保护管理现状,提出了保护对策. 相似文献
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华南梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)被IUCN列入濒危物种,也是我国国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物。目前种群仅分布于江西、浙江、安徽等狭窄的区域内,形成多个孤立种群,生境破碎和丧失被认为是限制梅花鹿种群增长的主要原因。于2011年3月至2013年3月采用样线法和样方法对桃红岭国家级自然保护区梅花鹿栖息地进行了野外调查,利用空间模拟方法,结合地理信息系统(GIS)技术的空间分析功能,以植被类型、坡度、坡向、海拔和人类干扰活动作为评价因子进行了生境适宜性评价。结果表明,桃红岭地区以森林为主,各类林地面积约9 488.15 hm~2,占75.90%,植被类型分为落叶阔叶林、针叶林、常绿阔叶林、针阔混交林、竹林、灌丛、草丛和芭茅丛,面积分别为1664.57、1638.63、3438.21、1247.15、87.85、1143.88、60.92 hm~2和206.94 hm~2。在不考虑人类活动影响时,梅花鹿的适宜生境和次适宜生境面积分别是2233.99 hm~2和2980.24 hm~2,分别占保护区总面积的18.61%和24.83%;而考虑人类活动影响时,梅花鹿的适宜生境和次适宜生境面积分别是1224.04 hm~2和2164.70 hm~2,分别占保护区总面积的10.20%和18.04%。由于梅花鹿的生境受到居民点、主要道路、农田耕作、森林采伐等人类活动的强烈影响,导致大量适宜和次适宜生境丧失、隔离,景观破碎度指数由0.4345增加到0.5898。以潜在可利用生境面积计算,保护区梅花鹿环境容纳量为(568±160)只,而以实际可利用生境面积计算,则只能容纳(368±105)只。适宜生境的丧失和破碎可能是限制桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区梅花鹿种群恢复的重要因素,在此基础上,通过实际调查提出了管理措施。 相似文献
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<正>2019年11月4日,在位于九江市彭泽县的江西桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区生态监测站附近巡护道(116°37′39″E,29°49′31″N,海拔376 m)发现1只死亡动物实体(图1a)。初步判断是鼩形目动物。此动物个体体型小,头和吻尖,身体和四肢细长,耳短,体背深灰色。经测量,其头体长70mm,尾长46 mm,后足长14 mm,耳长7 mm。此个体的头骨上颌有3枚单尖齿,齿式1.3.1.3/1.1.1.3=28(图1b,c)。 相似文献
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宁夏六盘山保护区自成立以来,对其两栖爬行动物资源调查的相关报道较少。为掌握两栖爬行动物本底资源现状,评价保护区生物多样性,2011年7月~2013年7月共7次对保护区两栖爬行动物资源进行了实地调查。结合文献记载,保护区两栖爬行动物共14种,隶属于2目7科9属,占宁夏28种两栖爬行动物的50.0%;其中两栖类共5种,隶属于1目3科4属,占宁夏7种两栖动物的71.4%,爬行类共9种,隶属于4科5属,占宁夏21种爬行动物的43.8%。保护区两爬动物以古北界物种和广布种为主,分别为8种和5种,东洋界物种仅1种。在此基础上与其相邻的保护区做了动物区系相似性(AFR)比较,结果显示,随着纬度的增高,各保护区两栖爬行动物存在规律性的替代现象。 相似文献
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浙江省古田山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源现状 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
浙江省古田山国家级自然保护区拥有丰富的两栖爬行类资源。2009年7月至2011年8月,对古田山国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源现状展开了调查,观察到两栖动物17种(隶属2目7科),占浙江省两栖动物物种总数的38.5%,爬行动物14种(隶属2目4科),占浙江省爬行动物物种总数的27.5%。区系特点:在调查的两栖爬行种类中,只分布在东洋界的种类有21种,占总物种数的64.74%,东洋界和古北界均有分布的种类有10种,占32.26%,东洋界占优势。生态类群:两栖类中陆栖-静水型较多,占调查到的两栖动物种数的29.4%;爬行类中陆栖型较多,占调查到爬行动物种类的42.8%。根据保护区的现状,提出了两栖爬行动物的保护建议。 相似文献
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江西南矶山自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源调查与评价 总被引:3,自引:4,他引:3
2004年6月上旬和8月下旬两次对位于鄱阳湖主湖南部的江西南矶山省级自然保护区两栖爬行动物资源进行了实地考察.调查表明:南矶山自然保护区现已记录31种两栖爬行动物,隶属2纲4目13科.其中两栖纲1目5科11种;爬行纲3目8科20种.其动物区系组成以东洋界种类明显占优势,占总物种数的67.65%.两栖爬行动物地理区划属东洋界华中区东部丘陵平原亚区赣北(鄱阳湖)平原省,此次调查发现的斑腿泛树蛙和舟山眼镜蛇为该动物地理省的新分布记录.最后对保护区两栖爬行动物资源现状进行了评价,并提出了保护和管理建议. 相似文献
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江西庐山自然保护区两栖动物资源调查与评价 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
于2005—2006年先后3次对庐山自然保护区的两栖动物资源进行了实地调查,得知庐山自然保护区现已记录24种两栖动物,隶属2目8科,占江西省已知39种两栖动物的61.54%。有21种属东洋界种类,3种属广布种,无古北界种类。分别有6、6、3、5和4种两栖类的生态类型属静水型、陆栖-静水型、流水型、陆栖-流水型和树栖型。除大鲵、虎纹蛙为国家二级保护动物外,其余22种两栖动物均属“国家保护的有益的或者有经济、科学研究价值的陆生野生动物”。此次调查采集的小角蟾、阔褶蛙、虎纹蛙、竹叶蛙和花姬蛙为庐山自然保护区两栖动物新记录,并与江西省其它自然保护区讲行了两栖类相似件系数比较,提出了保护建议。 相似文献
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Xiongjun Liu Jiajun Qin Yang Xu Min Zhou Xiaoping Wu Shan Ouyang 《Ecology and evolution》2019,9(20):11672-11683
Poyang Lake Basin is of great importance to maintain regional ecological balance. However, fish biodiversity in this basin has rapidly declined as the result of anthropogenic habitat alteration, such as dam construction, sand mining, and water pollution. Here, we aimed to analyze the temporal and spatial changes in biodiversity patterns of fish in Poyang Lake Basin over the last 37 years. The number of fish species underwent a significant decrease in the current period. In particular, 36.7% of the migration of fish was extirpated. Twenty‐seven fish species have been formally assessed using the Chinese Red List were currently listed as Critically Endangered (9), Endangered (3), Vulnerable (10), and Near Threatened (5). Alpha and gamma diversity revealed that fish diversity had also decreased, and beta diversity showed significant composition dissimilarity in two periods. PCoA showed that the historical fish composition dissimilarity was significantly different from that of the current period. We found a significant effect of the geographical distance on the spatial turnover component for the historical and current periods. In addition, the nestedness component was the main contributor to beta diversity, which indicated one large protected area should be established in Poyang Lake and the Ganjiang River Basin with higher species richness. These results indicated that fish biodiversity declined in the current period likely caused by anthropogenic habitat alteration and other threatened factors. Therefore, we suggest that the habitat reconstruction and biodiversity conservation for fish have become imperative in this basin, and a complete management plan should be carried out. 相似文献
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We report an observation of cartwheeling behavior to escape predators employed by the Dwarf Reed Snake (Pseudorabdion longiceps). This rolling motion is a rare escape mechanism which has not been formally documented in detail for any other species of snake or reptile. This finding also extends our knowledge on the kinetic abilities in snakes. Abstract in Malay is available with online material. 相似文献
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Conversion of tropical forests to agriculture affects vertebrate assemblages, but we do not know how fast or to what extent these assemblages recover after field abandonment. We addressed this question by examining amphibians and reptiles in secondary forests in southeastern Mexico. We used chronosequence data (12 secondary forests fallow for 1–23 yr and 3 old‐growth forest sites) to analyze successional trajectories and estimate recovery times of assemblage attributes for amphibians and reptiles. We conducted 6 surveys at each site over 14 mo (1200 person‐hours) and recorded 1552 individuals, including 25 species of amphibians and 36 of reptiles, representing 96 and 74 percent of the expected regional number of species, respectively. Abundance, species richness, and species diversity of amphibians increased rapidly with successional age, approaching old‐growth forest values in < 30 yr. Species richness and species diversity of reptiles reached old‐growth forest values in < 20 yr. By contrast, the abundance of reptiles and the assemblage composition of amphibians and reptiles recovered more slowly. Along the chronosequence, we observed more species replacement in reptile assemblages than in amphibian assemblages. Several species in the old‐growth forest were absent from secondary forests. Dispersal limitation and harsh conditions prevailing in open sites and early successional environments appear to preclude colonization by old‐growth forest species. Furthermore, short fallow periods and isolation of forest remnants lead to the formation of new assemblages dominated by species favored by human disturbances. 相似文献
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2011年2—6月在鄱阳湖南矶湿地国家级自然保护区逐月测定了灰化苔草(Carex cinerascens)、南荻(Triarrhena lutarioriparia)叶片C、N、P含量及其地上生物量,以阐明鄱阳湖湿地优势植物C、N、P含量及化学计量比动态特征与控制因子,探讨湿地养分利用与限制状况。结果表明:1)两种优势植物叶有机碳含量变化范围分别为365.3—386.6 mg/g和352.6—393.2 mg/g,平均值(?标准差)分别为(375.5?17.4) mg/g和(371.7?12.5) mg/g;叶N含量分别为6.96—17.59 mg/g和5.50—20.68 mg/g,平均值分别为(11.35?1.40) mg/g和(11.54?0.84) mg/g;叶P含量变化范围为0.65—2.14 mg/g和0.57—2.25 mg/g,平均含量为(1.56?0.69) mg/g和(1.55?0.68) mg/g。两种植物C:N、C:P、N:P平均值分别为37.65、413.60、9.62和41.05、410.29、9.57,C、N、P及其化学计量比种间差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)气温与地上生物量是N、P及其化学计量比季节变化的主要控制因子,气温和生物量对两种优势植物叶片氮、磷含量的影响要高于对叶有机碳含量的影响。3)植物C:N、C:P与地上生物量变化趋势基本一致,显示N、P养分利用效率随植物的快速生长而提高;根据两种优势植物及土壤N、P含量与化学计量比来判断,研究区植物更多地受氮限制。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTLittle is known about how non-consumptive recreationists perceive their impacts on animals and how this relates to recreationist behavior. We surveyed attitudes and behaviors relating to bird disturbance of 179 birdwatchers who visited a world-renowned, restricted-access birdwatching destination (the Western Treatment Plant [WTP], Victoria, Australia). We distributed a 10-page, 49-question survey to birdwatchers at the WTP and posted it to a mailing list of those who held birdwatching access permits. The questionnaire explored socio-demographic profiles of respondents, and their bird- watching behaviors and attitudes to bird disturbance. Birdwatchers regarded vehicles as particularly disturbing and some bird groups, and breeding birds, as especially sensitive to disturbance. They generally disagreed with the contention that birdwatchers and plant workers disturb birds. All respondents reported using strategies to mitigate bird disturbance (e.g., keeping quiet and distant). Those who adopted more strategies to mitigate disturbance agreed more with the contention that birdwatchers and workers cause disturbance, and that breeding birds are especially sensitive to disturbance. Our results suggest that birdwatchers who perceive that their activity disturbs birds are more likely to modify their behaviors to minimize the disturbance. As such, wildlife managers and educators must clearly communicate possible impacts of birdwatching to birdwatchers to maximize the uptake of ethical birdwatching practices. 相似文献
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河北衡水湖两栖爬行动物的多样性及保护 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
衡水湖保护区有两栖爬行动物22种,其中,两栖动物2目4科4属7种,爬行动物2目5科10属15种。对两栖爬行动物资源的保护进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Damian R. Michael David B. Lindenmayer Ross B. Cunningham 《Ecological Management & Restoration》2010,11(1):43-50
Summary Rocky outcrops are prominent geological features in agricultural landscapes worldwide. Reptiles are a major component of these habitats and some species are restricted to, and more abundant on, rocky outcrops than in remnant vegetation. Rock outcrops are important to reptiles because they provide resources that are often limited in the surrounding landscape (e.g. micro-gradients in climatic conditions, basking- and retreat-sites). However, there is a knowledge gap in the literature addressing the conservation value of small, rocky outcrops. Management may be necessary to reverse habitat degradation in these systems. We identify four key areas of management that need to be addressed to improve outcrop habitat values and enhance biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes. Specific actions involve: (i) protecting outcrops from processes that cause damage to rock microhabitat, (ii) monitoring and managing changes in vegetation structure to maintain thermally suitable environments, (iii) applying integrated pest animal control and (iv) improving matrix management to enhance inselberg function and landscape connectivity. Further research is required to evaluate the efficacy of different management regimes on outcrop biota. We hope this paper will provide the stimulus for land managers to incorporate rocky outcrops in future biodiversity conservation programmes. 相似文献