内窥镜获取大隐静脉对冠状动脉旁路移植术后桥血管通畅率的影响

目的:比较研究冠状动脉移植术中应用内窥镜获取大隐静脉及传统切开方式获取大隐静脉术后桥血管通畅率。方法:选择2012年2月~2013年2月在我院接受冠状动脉旁路移植术患者的临床资料,根据手术方式的不同,将患者分为内窥镜组(EVH,n=178)和开放手术组(OVH,n=202)。术后1年行冠脉CT检查,观察两组患者桥血管通畅情况。结果:术中无不良事件发生。EVH组术中共计完成静脉桥血管总数为376支,平均每例2.11支。术后1年行冠脉CT检查,失访19例(静脉桥血管43支),发生桥血管再狭窄总数为21支/共333支,平均每例为0.0631支。OVH组术中共计完成静脉桥血管总数为458支,平均每例2.27支。术后1年行冠脉CT检查,失访11例(含静脉桥血管31支),发生桥血管再狭窄总数为26支/共427支,平均每例为0.0609支。统计学分析显示两组间比较无明显统计学差异,P0.05。结论:冠状动脉移植术中应用内窥镜获取大隐静脉与传统切开方式获取大隐静脉相比较,在术后1年时桥血管通畅率无明显统计学差异。     

间断切口与长切口获取大隐静脉在冠状动脉旁路移植术中作用的对比研究

目的:比较冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)中采用间断切口与长切口获取大隐静脉作为静脉桥材料的优缺点。方法:选择2011年12月至2012年12月宁夏医科大学总医院心脏大血管外科111例行CABG的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者为研究对象。根据术中获取大隐静脉方法的不同,随机将其分为两组,长切口组64例,在CABG中采用长切口法获取大隐静脉,间断切口组47例,在CABG中采用间断切口法获取大隐静脉。比较两组大隐静脉获取时间、下肢切口缝合时间、下肢手术时间、大隐静脉桥长度、下肢切口长度和下肢切口并发症发生率的差异。结果:间断切口组大隐静脉桥长度及下肢手术时间(45.4±6.7)cm,(65.8±10.3)min与长切口组(47.5±6.7)cm,(65.8±10.3)min比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。间断切口组获取大隐静脉的时间(48.9±8.3)min显著长于长切口组(37.3±5.8)min,下肢切口长度与缝合时间(17.0±3.5)cm,(16.9±3.4)min明显短于长切口组的(43.5±6.4)min,(31.7±5.9)min,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组大隐静脉壁的损伤情况比较无统计学差异(P0.05),但间断切口组术后下肢切口延迟愈合、感染、渗出、下肢血肿等并发症的发生率低于长切口组(P0.05)。结论:在冠状动脉旁路移植术中,间断切口获取大隐静脉能够显著缩短下肢手术切口长度,有助于减少术后下肢切口感染、延迟愈合、渗出、下肢血肿等并发症的发生。     

冠状动脉旁路移植术后大隐静脉桥再狭窄机制

冠状动脉旁路移植术是冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的常规治疗方法之一.动脉血管作为移植血管材料有其自身优势,但对大多数患者而言,自体大隐静脉仍然是最常用的移植血管材料.新内膜形成和粥样硬化导致的静脉桥再狭窄已成为一个亟待解决的问题.目前认为静脉桥再狭窄的病理机制包括:早期桥血管闭塞,主要由于急性血栓形成;中期血管闭塞,主要由于血管内膜纤维化增生;晚期闭塞,主要由于静脉粥样硬化.     

超声定位穿静脉结扎对下肢静脉性溃疡术后愈合影响的临床研究

目的:观察下肢静脉性溃疡患者穿静脉功能不全情况,探讨超声定位下肢穿静脉结扎对下肢静脉性溃疡术后疗效的影响。方法:40例大隐静脉曲张患者随机分成两组:A组采用大隐静脉高位结扎、静脉腔内微波射频闭合术及超声定位穿静脉结扎治疗,B组采用大隐静脉高位结扎和静脉腔内微波射频闭合术治疗。观察两组患者治疗后静脉性溃疡的愈合时间、复发率及瓣膜功能不全穿静脉数量部位,并比较两组患者临床预后评分。结果:术前两组瓣膜功能不全穿静脉数量分别是47条和44条,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.5520)。术后两组愈合时间分别是(7.5±4.389)周和(11.6±6.489)周,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.048)。两组临床预后评分分别为(2.3±0.6)分和(1.1±1.5)分,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P=0.042)。结论:多普勒超声可有效检测定位瓣膜功能不全的下肢穿静脉,在超声定位下行大隐静脉高位结扎、静脉腔内微波射频闭合术联合穿静脉结扎治疗下肢静脉性溃疡的疗效优于穿静脉不结扎。     

大隐静脉高位结扎联合点式剥脱术对大隐静脉曲张患者术后复发和应激反应的影响

目的:探讨大隐静脉高位结扎联合点式剥脱术治疗大隐静脉曲张的临床疗效,并探讨其对患者术后复发和应激反应的影响。方法:选取2014年9月~2017年6月期间我院收治的大隐静脉曲张患者200例,按随机数字表法分为对照组(100例)和研究组(100例),其中对照组给予大隐静脉高位结扎联合传统剥脱术治疗,研究组给予大隐静脉高位结扎联合点式剥脱术治疗。比较两组术后4周的临床疗效,记录并比较两组患者手术时间、住院时间、下床活动时间、术中出血量,比较两组术前、术后3 d应激反应指标变化,观察两组并发症及复发情况。结果:研究组术后4周临床总有效率为97.00%,高于对照组的76.00%(P0.05)。研究组患者手术时间、住院时间、下床活动时间均较对照组短,术中出血量较对照组少(P0.05)。两组患者术后3 d白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、一氧化氮(NO)水平均较术前升高,但研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组术后并发症总发生率、复发率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:大隐静脉高位结扎联合点式剥脱术治疗大隐静脉曲张疗效确切,可促进患者的恢复,降低患者的复发率,机体应激反应较小,且安全性较好,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

参麦注射液联合阿替普酶治疗急性心肌梗死的临床效果研究

目的:研究参麦注射液联合阿替普酶治疗急性心肌梗死的临床效果。方法:选择2015年1月～2016年12月在我院进行诊治的急性心肌梗死患者98例,随机分为两组,每组各49例。对照组静脉滴注阿替普酶100 mg治疗,于90 min内滴注完毕,先静脉推注15 mg,再于30 min内静脉滴注50 mg阿替普酶,最后于60 min内静脉滴注35 mg,每天1次;观察组联合静脉滴注参麦注射液治疗,每次100 mL,每天1次。比较两组的临床治疗效果,治疗前后左心室射血分数、左心室舒张末期内径、左心室后壁厚度等心功能指标及血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(c TnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、超氧化物歧化酶以及(SOD)内皮素1(ET-1)水平的变化。随访半年,观察两组的预后情况(再梗死、梗死后心绞痛、血管再通以及冠脉血栓的发生率)。结果:治疗后,观察组的有效率为91.83%(45/49),明显高于对照组[71.43%(35/49)](P0.05);两组的左心室射血分数、左心室舒张末期内径、左心室后壁厚度均较治疗前明显改善(P0.05),且观察组的改善程度明显优于对照组(P0.05);两组的血清TnI、CK-MB、ET-1水平均较治疗前明显降低(P0.05),血清SOD水平均较治疗前明显升高(P0.05),且观察组以上指标的改善情况较对照组更为明显(P0.05);观察组再梗死、梗死后心绞痛以及冠脉血栓的发生率均明显低于对照组(P0.05),血管再通的发生明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:与单独使用阿替普酶对比,参麦注射液联合阿替普酶治疗急性心肌梗死临床疗效和安全性较好。     

rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗急性大脑中动脉脑梗死的临床疗效

目的:探讨rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗在急性大脑中动脉脑梗死的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选取我院急性大脑中动脉脑梗死患者70例,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组35例。对照组给予保护神经、清除自由基及抗血小板抑制等治疗,实验组在对照组基础上联合阿替普酶静脉滴注。观察并比较治疗前后两组患者血清BNP,CRP及NSE水平的变化情况,以及临床疗效和并发症的发生率。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后两组患者血清BNP,CRP及NSE水平均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,实验组患者治疗后血清BNP,CRP及NSE水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组总有效率(85.71%)明显高于对照组(65.71%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者颅内出血、再灌注损伤、血管再闭塞等并发症的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗急性大脑中动脉脑梗死的临床疗效显著,能够降低患者血清BNP,CRP及NSE水平。     

腔静脉滤器植入联合导管溶栓术治疗下肢深静脉血栓的疗效分析

目的:探讨腔静脉滤器植入联合导管溶栓术治疗下肢深静脉血栓患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法:回顾性分析2012年10月~2014年10月来我院住院治疗的80例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者的临床资料,根据治疗方式及溶栓途径的差异分为两组,比较两组患者治疗前后下肢周径差变化、静脉通畅率、血栓后综合征情况及治疗后并发症的发生情况。结果:治疗后,两组患者下肢平均周径均有所减少,肿胀明显缓解,静脉通畅度评分显著降低,较治疗前差异有统计学意义(P0.05);其中,观察组患者下肢消肿率更为明显,静脉通畅度更好,较对照组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后对照组患者PTS发生例数为9例(23.68%),观察组PTS发生率更低仅为1例(2.38%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后均出现并发症,但发生率比较无明显统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用腔静脉滤器植入联合导管溶栓术治疗下肢深静脉血栓可使静脉阻塞部位尽早恢复通畅,减少瓣膜功能损害,降低PTS等并发症的发生率。     

急性脑梗死患者介入治疗的疗效及对患者纤溶系统的影响

目的:研究急性脑梗死患者脑血管球囊成形支架置入术治疗的临床疗效及其对患者纤溶系统的影响。方法:选择我院收治的急性脑梗死患者68例,随机分为观察1组和观察2组,各34例,观察1组给予尿激酶100万U静脉溶栓治疗;观察2组给予脑血管球囊成形支架置入术治疗,术后口服氯吡格雷和阿司匹林。观察两组患者治疗前、治疗后1d、7d组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t PA)、血浆血管性假血友病因子(v WF)、纤溶酶原激活物特异性抑制物(PAI-1)水平,并选择同期体检健康者30例作为对照组。结果:治疗后观察2组血流再通明显高于观察1组(P0.05);治疗前所有患者v WF、PAI-1、t PA明显高于对照组,t PA/PAI-1明显低于对照组(P0.05),但观察1组和观察2组比较无统计学差异(P0.05);治疗后1d观察1组、观察2组t PA、t PA/PAI-1明显升高,PAI-1明显降低(P0.05),治疗后7d,观察1组t PA、t PA/PAI-1明显降低,观察2组v WF明显升高(P0.05)。结论:脑血管球囊成形支架置入术治疗急性脑梗死可使梗死的血管再次通畅,术后采用抗凝及抗血小板治疗,效果显著,且对体内纤溶系统无明显影响,相比静脉溶栓治疗临床效果更加显著。     

超选择性动脉溶栓治疗急性大脑中动脉脑梗死的疗效和安全性评价

目的:探讨超选择性动脉溶栓治疗急性大脑中动脉脑梗死的疗效和安全性。方法:收集我院就诊或住院治疗的120例急性大脑中动脉脑梗死患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组60例。两组患者入院后均给予相应的治疗措施,对照组患者给予静脉溶栓;实验组患者给予超选择动脉溶栓,观察并比较两组患者治疗前后神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)以及患者治疗后临床疗效和并发症发生率。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后的NIHSS水平均下显著降差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者的NIHSS水平、并发症的发生率和病死率较低而治疗有效率较高差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:超选择性动脉溶栓治疗急性大脑中动脉脑梗死的临床疗效以及安全性较静脉溶栓更好。     

The clopidogrel after surgery for coronary artery disease (CASCADE) randomized controlled trial: clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone after coronary bypass surgery [NCT00228423]

Background

Saphenous vein graft disease remains a major limitation of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The process of saphenous vein intimal hyperplasia begins just days after surgical revascularization, setting the stage for graft atherosclerotic disease and its sequalae. Clopidogrel improves outcomes in patients with atherosclerotic disease, and is effective at reducing intimal hyperplasia in animal models of thrombosis. Therefore, the goal of this study will be to evaluate the efficacy of clopidogrel and aspirin therapy versus aspirin alone in the prevention of saphenous vein graft intimal hyperplasia following coronary artery bypass surgery.

Methods

Patients undergoing multi-vessel coronary artery bypass grafting and in whom at least two saphenous vein grafts will be used are eligible for the study. Patients will be randomized to receive daily clopidogrel 75 mg or placebo, in addition to daily aspirin 162 mg, for a one year duration starting on the day of surgery (as soon as postoperative bleeding has been excluded). At the end of one year, all patients will undergo coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound assessment of one saphenous vein graft as selected by randomization. The trial will be powered to test the hypothesis that clopidogrel and aspirin will reduce vein graft intimal hyperplasia by 20% compared to aspirin alone at one year following bypass surgery.

Discussion

This trial is the first prospective human study that will address the question of whether clopidogrel therapy improves outcomes and reduces saphenous vein graft intimal hyperplasia following cardiac surgery. Should the combination of clopidogrel and aspirin reduce the process of vein graft intimal hyperplasia, the results of this study will help redefine modern antiplatelet management of coronary artery bypass patients.     

Manual pressure distension of the human saphenous vein changes its biomechanical properties-implication for coronary artery bypass grafting

Patency rates of saphenous vein grafts following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) depend on multiple factors. Information regarding the impact of biomechanical properties of vein grafts on patency rates is not available. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether uncontrolled manual pressure distension during routine preparation of the saphenous vein in CABG-induced changes in the biomechanical properties of the vein. The morphometric and stress-strain properties were studied in isolated segments of the saphenous vein from 12 patients undergoing elective CABG. Six segments were manually distended without pressure control and six were not distended. The mechanical test was performed as a ramp inflation using syringe pump. The vein dimensions were obtained from digitised images at different pressures as well as at the no-load and zero-stress states. The circumferences, the wall and lumen area, the wall thickness, and the outer diameter as function of the applied pressure were largest in the segments with uncontrolled manual distension compared to those without distension (P<0.05). The opening angle and the absolute value of the residual strains were lower (P<0.01) and the circumferential stress-strain curve shifted to the left, indicating the wall became stiffer with uncontrolled manual distension compared to those without distension (P<0.05). In conclusion, manual pressure distension changed the morphometric and biomechanical properties of the saphenous vein. The perspective is that studies on biomechanical properties on the saphenous vein may guide surgeons how to handle graft material without causing major changes of the biomechanical properties during harvesting and preparation.     

CD68 expression in aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafts

Atherosclerosis commonly affects the arteries harvested from patients 70 years of age or older. Saphenous vein grafts appear to maintain a higher patency rate after coronary artery bypass grafting in these subjects. The infiltration of macrophages is an early step in saphenous vein graft atherosclerosis; however, little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms of infiltration. The objective of the present report is to evaluate the presence of CD68-positive cells in the saphenous vein wall and correlate initial CD68-positive infiltration to specific clinical and biochemical parameters and the graft patency rate as estimated in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. A total of 309 patients were allocated into two groups: A1 patients, who were between 50 and 70 years of age, and A2 patients, who were 70 years or older at the time of vein harvesting. CD68 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. There were no significant differences between A1 and A2 patients regarding macrophage expression within any of the analyzed vascular regions. Saphenous vein macrophages were never present in the tunica intima unless they were also expressed in the media or the adventitia. The patients with CD68-positive cells in the tunica intima had a significantly higher number of bypass stenoses when compared with the subjects who did not have CD68-positive cells in this layer. These findings suggest that the CD68-positive cells (those that have not yet developed into foam cells) present in the intima of saphenous vein grafts might serve as a very early marker of graft occlusion.     

Computational model of blood flow in the aorto-coronary bypass graft

Background

Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery is an effective treatment modality for patients with severe coronary artery disease. The conduits used during the surgery include both the arterial and venous conduits. Long- term graft patency rate for the internal mammary arterial graft is superior, but the same is not true for the saphenous vein grafts. At 10 years, more than 50% of the vein grafts would have occluded and many of them are diseased. Why do the saphenous vein grafts fail the test of time? Many causes have been proposed for saphenous graft failure. Some are non-modifiable and the rest are modifiable. Non-modifiable causes include different histological structure of the vein compared to artery, size disparity between coronary artery and saphenous vein. However, researches are more interested in the modifiable causes, such as graft flow dynamics and wall shear stress distribution at the anastomotic sites. Formation of intimal hyperplasia at the anastomotic junction has been implicated as the root cause of long- term graft failure.Many researchers have analyzed the complex flow patterns in the distal sapheno-coronary anastomotic region, using various simulated model in an attempt to explain the site of preferential intimal hyperplasia based on the flow disturbances and differential wall stress distribution. In this paper, the geometrical bypass models (aorto-left coronary bypass graft model and aorto-right coronary bypass graft model) are based on real-life situations. In our models, the dimensions of the aorta, saphenous vein and the coronary artery simulate the actual dimensions at surgery. Both the proximal and distal anastomoses are considered at the same time, and we also take into the consideration the cross-sectional shape change of the venous conduit from circular to elliptical. Contrary to previous works, we have carried out computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study in the entire aorta-graft-perfused artery domain. The results reported here focus on (i) the complex flow patterns both at the proximal and distal anastomotic sites, and (ii) the wall shear stress distribution, which is an important factor that contributes to graft patency.

Methods

The three-dimensional coronary bypass models of the aorto-right coronary bypass and the aorto-left coronary bypass systems are constructed using computational fluid-dynamics software (Fluent 6.0.1). To have a better understanding of the flow dynamics at specific time instants of the cardiac cycle, quasi-steady flow simulations are performed, using a finite-volume approach. The data input to the models are the physiological measurements of flow-rates at (i) the aortic entrance, (ii) the ascending aorta, (iii) the left coronary artery, and (iv) the right coronary artery.

Results

The flow field and the wall shear stress are calculated throughout the cycle, but reported in this paper at two different instants of the cardiac cycle, one at the onset of ejection and the other during mid-diastole for both the right and left aorto-coronary bypass graft models. Plots of velocity-vector and the wall shear stress distributions are displayed in the aorto-graft-coronary arterial flow-field domain. We have shown (i) how the blocked coronary artery is being perfused in systole and diastole, (ii) the flow patterns at the two anastomotic junctions, proximal and distal anastomotic sites, and (iii) the shear stress distributions and their associations with arterial disease.

Conclusion

The computed results have revealed that (i) maximum perfusion of the occluded artery occurs during mid-diastole, and (ii) the maximum wall shear-stress variation is observed around the distal anastomotic region. These results can enable the clinicians to have a better understanding of vein graft disease, and hopefully we can offer a solution to alleviate or delay the occurrence of vein graft disease.

     

Human saphenous vein and coronary bypass surgery: ultrastructural aspects of conventional and "no-touch" vein graft preparations

Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is routinely used to restore blood flow to diseased cardiac muscle due to coronary artery disease. The patency of conventional grafts decreases with time, which is due to thrombosis and formation of neointima. A primary cause of graft failure is the mechanical damage inflicted to the graft during harvesting, including removal of surrounding tissue accompanied by high pressure saline distension to overcome vasospasm (both causing considerable mechanical trauma). The aim of this study was to compare the ultrastructural features of human saphenous vein (SV) grafts harvested conventionally and grafts prepared using an atraumatic 'no-touch' harvesting technique introduced by Souza (1996). The results of this study showed a better preservation of the lumenal endothelium and medial vascular smooth muscle (SM) in 'no-touch' versus conventional grafts. A 'fast' (within 30 min) response of SM cells to conventional harvesting was noted where features of both SM cell division and apoptosis were observed. It is concluded that the 'preserved' nature of the 'no-touch' aortocoronary SV grafts renders them less susceptible to thrombotic and atherosclerotic factors than grafts harvested conventionally. These features are suggested to contribute to the improved early patency rate described using the no-touch technique of SV harvesting.     

Tandem aneurysms of an internal mammary-aortocoronary bypass graft

Graft aneurysms following aortocoronary surgery are a rare occurrence in clinical practice. Reported cases have mostly involved saphenous vein grafts. Here we report the rare finding of a tandem aneurysm of an internal mammary artery graft which was incidentally detected 17 years following bypass surgery. (Neth Heart J 2009;17:300–2.)     

A Comparison of Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Patterns between Different Vascular Tissues from Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation in context of cardiovascular diseases are of considerable interest. So far, our current knowledge of the DNA methylation profiles for atherosclerosis affected and healthy human vascular tissues is still limited. Using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation27 BeadChip, we performed a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in right coronary artery in the area of advanced atherosclerotic plaques, atherosclerotic-resistant internal mammary arteries, and great saphenous veins obtained from same patients with coronary heart disease. The resulting DNA methylation patterns were markedly different between all the vascular tissues. The genes hypomethylated in athero-prone arteries to compare with atherosclerotic-resistant arteries were predominately involved in regulation of inflammation and immune processes, as well as development. The great saphenous veins exhibited an increase of the DNA methylation age in comparison to the internal mammary arteries. Gene ontology analysis for genes harboring hypermethylated CpG-sites in veins revealed the enrichment for biological processes associated with the development. Four CpG-sites located within the MIR10B gene sequence and about 1 kb upstream of the HOXD4 gene were also confirmed as hypomethylated in the independent dataset of the right coronary arteries in the area of advanced atherosclerotic plaques in comparison with the other vascular tissues. The DNA methylation differences observed in vascular tissues of patients with coronary heart disease can provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the development of pathology and explanation for the difference in graft patency after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.     

Predictive Factors of Late Venous Aortocoronary Graft Failure: Ultrastructural Studies

Background

Venous aortocoronary graft arterialization may precede a preterm occlusion in some coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. The aim of the present study was to identify ultrastructural variations in the saphenous vein wall that may have an impact on the development of venous graft disease in CABG patients.

Methods

The study involved 365 consecutive patients with a mean age of 62.9±9.4 years who underwent isolated CABG. The thickness and area of the whole venous wall, the tunica intima, the tunica media and the adventitia and the number and shape (length, thickness and length/thickness ratio) of the nuclei in the medial smooth muscle cells nuclei in the distal saphenous vein segments were evaluated by ultrastructural studies. Patients were followed up for 41 to 50 months (mean 45.1±5.1). Saphenous vein graft patency was assessed by follow-up coronary angiography. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors for late graft failure.

Results

In 71 patients significant lesions in the saphenous vein grafts were observed. The whole venous wall thickness (437.5 µm vs. 405.5 µm), tunica media thickness (257.2 µm vs. 211.5 µm), whole venous wall area (2.23 mm² vs. 2.02 mm²) and tunica media area (1.09 mm² vs. 0.93 mm²) were significantly larger for this group of patients than for those without graft disease. In the latter group more elongated smooth muscle cell nuclei (higher length/thickness ratio) were found in the tunica media of the saphenous vein segments. Thickening of the saphenous vein tunica media and chunky smooth muscle cell nuclei were identified as independent risk factors for graft disease development.

Conclusions

Saphenous vein tunica media hypertrophy (resulting in wall thickening) and chunky smooth muscle cell nuclei might predict the development of venous graft disease.     

冠心病患者体内瘦素与高敏C反应蛋白检测的临床意义

目的:研究血清瘦素(LP)与高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平在冠心病患者体内的变化,及临床检测意义。方法:入选住院确诊的冠心病住院患者168例,对照组62例。外周血白细胞(WBC)水平应用全自动血细胞计数仪检测,血清高敏C反应蛋白水平应用比浊法检测,并血清瘦素水平用酶联免疫吸附法检测,分析瘦素与高敏C反应蛋白和外周血白细胞的关系。结果:(1)冠心病稳定型心绞痛组、不稳定型心绞痛组及急性心肌梗死组血清瘦素、高敏C反应蛋白和外周血白细胞水平显著高于对照组(均P0.05)。(2)血浆瘦素、高敏C反应蛋白及外周血白细胞水平在稳定型心绞痛组、不稳定型心绞痛组及急性心肌梗死组三组间依次增高,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。(3)简单相关分析显示瘦素与高敏C反应蛋白和外周血白细胞相关,r值分别为5.241和4.025,均P0.05。结论:瘦素与高敏C反应蛋白和外周血白细胞关系密切,可能通过炎症反应参与冠心病的发生。     

大隐静脉顺行序贯式吻合技术在冠心病患者中的应用

目的:探讨大隐静脉(SVG)顺行序贯式吻合技术在冠心病患者中的应用价值。方法:收集我院2011年1月至2014年6月收治的78例冠心病患者,回顾性分析患者非体外循环下行SVG顺行序贯式冠状动脉旁路移植术患者的临床资料,术后随访1~3.5年,平均(2.1±1.5)年,密切观察患者治疗效果以及相应的并发症的发生情况。结果:SVG双支桥48例,三支桥20例,四支桥10例,吻合口共196个。术后测定近段血流流速(37.14±11.78)m L/min,搏动指数(PI)值(3.00±1.25)。术后出现2例低心排血量综合征,2例迟发性心脏压塞,除1例因序贯出现多脏器功能衰竭而死亡外,其余均痊愈。术后复查,SVG桥的通畅率为100%。结论:SVG顺行序贯吻合能尽快恢复心脏供血,术后通畅率高,在医生严格掌握手术技巧的前提下,可安全用于冠心病的治疗。