Annotated type catalogue of the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Royal Belgian Institute of Sciences, Brussels, with descriptions of two new species

The type status is described of 57 taxa from the superfamily Orthalicoidea in the collection of the Brussels museum. Two new species are described: Stenostylus perturbatussp. n., and Suniellus adrianisp. n. New lectotypes are designated for Bulimulus (Naesiotus) amastroides Ancey, 1887; Bulimulus blanfordianus Ancey, 1903; Bulimulus montivagus chacoensis Ancey, 1897; Bulimus coloratus Nyst, 1845; Plecochilus dalmasi Dautzenberg, 1900; Placostylus porphyrostomus elata Dautzenberg, 1923; Bulimulus ephippium Ancey, 1904; Bulimus fulminans Nyst, 1843; Bulimus funckii Nyst, 1843; Orphnus thompsoni lutea Cousin, 1887; Bulimus melanocheilus Nyst, 1845; Orphnus thompsoni nigricans Cousin, 1887; Orphnus thompsoni olivacea Cousin, 1887; Bulimulus pollonerae Ancey, 1897; Orphnus thompsoni zebra Cousin, 1887. New combinations are: Bostryx borellii (Ancey, 1897); Bostryx carandaitiensis (Preston, 1907); Protoglyptus mazei (Crosse, 1874); Kuschelenia (Vermiculatus) sanborni (Haas, 1947). New synonymies are established for the following nominal taxa: Orphnus thompsoni var. lutea Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Orphnus thompsoni var. nigricans Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Thaumastus nystianus var. nigricans Cousin, 1887 = Drymaeus (Drymaeus) nystianus (Pfeiffer, 1853); Orphnus thompsoni var. olivacea Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Orphnus thompsoni var. zebra Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845).     

Graptodytes exsanguis (Bedel, 1925) n. stat., a newly recognised species of diving beetle from North Africa,Corsica and Sardinia,with notes on other taxa of the varius/ignotus complex (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

Summary

A species of the genus Graptodytes Seidlitz, 1887 (varius/ignotus complex) is newly recognised and described based on recently sampled specimens from Corsica and Sardinia, and material in various collections from Algeria, Tunisia, Corsica and Sardinia. The name exsanguis, created by Bedel in 1925 for a variety of what he then called Hydroporus varius Aubé, 1838, is shown to be available for the newly recognised species, therefore named Graptodytes exsanguis (Bedel, 1925) n. stat. (type locality: Algeria, La Calle – nowadays El Kala). This species is similar in size and colour pattern to G. fractus (Sharp, 1882), from which it can be distinguished by strong differentiation of the male protarsal claws, features of the habitus and elytral punctation, and shape of the median lobe of aedeagus. Morphological features of G. exsanguis and G. fractus are illustrated, and pictures showing for each species the variability of habitus and median lobe are provided. For comparison, the habitus and median lobes of other species of the varius/ignotus complex are also illustrated. Habitat preferences of G. exsanguis are described based on field observations in Corsica and Sardinia, and a distribution map of validated records is presented. Analysis of a partial CO1 alignment yielded a basal and divergent position within the varius/ignotus complex for the sequenced G. exsanguis haplotypes from Corsica and Sardinia. Lectotypes are designated for Hydroporus varius var. exsanguis Bedel, 1925, Hydroporus fractus Sharp, 1882 and Graptodytes ignotus var. fallaciosus Guignot, 1932, and the latter is established as a junior synonym of G. fractus.     

Revision of the Antarctic genus Notaeolidia (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia), with a description of a new species

New material from the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic Ocean allows a revision of the Antarctic genus Notaeolidia Eliot, 1905. One new species (Notaeolidia schmekelae sp.n.) is described. N. depressa Eliot, 1905 and N. gigas Eliot, 1905, which arc poorly known, arc redescribed. N. rufopicta Thiele, 1912, N. robsoni Odhner, 1934, N. subgigas Odhner, 1944, N. alutacea Minichev, 1972 and N. flava Minichev, 1972 are synonymized with N. depressa. N. purpurea Eliot, 1905 is synonymized with N. gigas. The monogeneric family Notaeolidiidae Odhner, 1926. is characterized by the following autapomorphy: "nephroproct in front of the genital apertures". Too little is known to elaborate the phylogenetic position of the family Notaeolidiidae within the cladobranch Nudibranchia.     

Taxonomic Notes on Myllocerus malignus Faust (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Entiminae)

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Myllocerus malignus Faust was described new to science from Korea in 1887. Since then, the species collected from Korea and Far-east Russia has been misidentified as Eumyllocerus gratiosus Sharp, E. filicornis (Reitter), or E. longulus Egorov et Zherikhin. A taxonomic review of Myllocerus malignus Faust (1887) with its synonymy and the clarification of sexual dimorphism is presented. As a results, Myllocerus viridiaureus Suvorov (1915) and Eumyllocerus longulus Egorov et Zherikhin (1990) are synonymized with Myllocerus malignus.     

Length–weight and length–length relationships of three endemic fish species from the Yarlung Tsangpo River,China

The length‐weight (LWR) and length‐length relationships (LLR) were estimated for three endemic fish species, including Schizothorax waltoni Regan, 1905, Schizothorax oconnori Lloyd, 1908, and Schizothorax macropogon Regan, 1905 in the Yarlung Tsangpo River. A total of 399 specimens were collected using gillnets and cast nets during February to August 2012 and March to May 2013. No information regarding length–weight and length–length relationships was reported previously in FishBase for these three endemic species.     

A revision of the Chinese Trigonalyidae (Hymenoptera,Trigonalyoidea)

The Chinese fauna of the family Trigonalyidae Cresson, 1887, is revised, keyed and fully illustrated for the first time. Eight genera of this family (Bakeronymus Rohwer, 1922, Bareogonalos Schulz, 1907, Jezonogonalos Tsuneki, 1991, re-instated, Lycogaster Shuckard, 1841, Orthogonalys Schulz, 1905, Pseudogonalos Schulz, 1906, Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906 and Teranishia Tsuneki, 1991) are recorded from China. The genus Ischnogonalos Schulz, 1907, is synonymized with Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906. In total 40 valid species are recognized. Twenty species are new for science: Jezonogonalos elliptifera sp. n., J. jiangliae sp. n., J. luteata sp. n., J. nigrata sp. n., Lycogaster angustula sp. n., L. flavonigrata sp. n., L. nigralva sp. n., Orthogonalys cheni sp. n., O. clypeata sp. n., O. robusta sp. n., Pseudogonalos angusta sp. n., Taeniogonalos bucarinata sp. n., T. cordata sp. n., T. geminata sp. n., T. sculpturata sp. n., T. triangulata sp. n., T. tricolorisoma sp. n., T. uncifera sp. n., Teranishia crenulata sp. n. and T. glabrata sp. n. Two species are reported new for China: Orthogonalys elongata Teranishi, 1929 and Nanogonalos flavocincta Teranishi, 1929 (renamed to Taeniogonalos subtruncata nom. n.). Seven new synonyms are proposed: Poecilogonalos yuasai Teranishi, 1938, and P. maga taiwana Tsuneki, 1991, of Taeniogonalos taihorina (Bischoff, 1914); Taiwanogonalos minima Tsuneki, 1991, and T. similis Tsuneki, 1991, of Taeniogonalos alticola (Tsuneki, 1991); P. intermedia Chen, 1949, and P. unifasciata Chen, 1949, of Taeniogonalos formosana (Bischoff, 1913). Six taxa are recognised as valid species: Bakeronymus seidakka Yamane & Terayama, 1983, Jezonogonalos laeviceps (Tsuneki, 1991), J. satoi (Tsuneki, 1991), Taeniogonalos alticola (Tsuneki, 1991), T. flavoscutellata (Chen, 1949) and T. gestroi (Schulz, 1908). Five new combinations are made: Jezonogonalos laeviceps (Tsuneki, 1991), comb. n., J. satoi (Tsuneki, 1991), comb. n., Taeniogonalos flavoscutellata (Chen, 1949), comb. n., T. gestroi (Schulz, 1908), comb. n. and T. lachrymosa (Westwood, 1874), comb. n. Lectotypes are designated for Lycogaster violaceipennis Chen, 1949, Poecilogonalos flavoscutellata Chen, 1949, P. rufofasciata Chen, 1949, and P. tricolor Chen, 1949.     

A review of the Agabus affinis group (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), with the description of a new species from Siberia and a proposed phylogeny

Abstract. Agabus yakutiae sp.n., from Siberia, is placed in the A.affinis (Paykull) species-group, characterized by the unique structure of the male stridulatory organ formed by sternum 3 and the metafemora. The group is defined, the two Nearctic and four Palaearctic species included are reviewed, and a key is given for their identification. Phylogenetic relationships with other Agabus species groups are discussed, and a phylogeny for the species in the affinis-group is suggested.     

Seven new monotypic genera of African Lasiocampidae (Lepidoptera)

New monotypic genera are established for African Lasiocampidae: Hecata gen. n. (type species Megasoma splendens Druce, 1887), Selena gen. n. (type species Megasoma vesta Druce, 1887), Tragoptyssa gen. n. (type species Streblote flavimaculata Tams, 1929), Ammacosola gen. n. (type species Beralade pygmula Strand, 1911), Scythropa gen. n. (type species Pseudometa schultzei Aurivillius, 1905), and Cryptopacha gen. n. (type species Metanastria porphyria Holland, 1893), as well as Pellecebra gen. n. for the new species Pellecebra superba sp. n. (type locality is the Democratic Republic of the Congo). New species combinations are also introduced, and new synonymy is established: Pseudometa schultzei Aurivillius, 1905 = Pseudometa scythropa Hering, 1928, syn. n.     

Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the New World genus Neoclypeodytes Young (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Bidessini)

The western North American and northern Central American genus Neoclypeodytes Young is revised. Twenty‐five valid species are recognized in the genus. One additional name, N. luctuosus (Guignot) is treated as species of uncertain status. Eleven new species are described: N. amybethae, N. anasinus, N. astrapus, N. challeti, N. edithae, N. haroldi, N. megalus, N. nanus, N. roughleyi, N. similis and N. tumulus. Six new synonymies are established: N. centralis (Sharp) = N. cinctellus (LeConte); N. substriatus (Sharp) = N. discedens (Sharp); N. americanus (Guignot), N. decoratus (Fall) and N. quadrisignatus (Sharp) = N. fryii (Clark); and N. rugulosus (Guignot) = N. obesus (Sharp). Lectotypes are designated for N. curtulus (Sharp), N. discedens, N. discretus (Sharp), N. lynceus (Sharp), N. obesus, N. ornatellus (Fall), N. pictodes (Sharp), N. plicipennis (Crotch), N. quadrinotatus (Sharp), N. quadripustulatus, N. quadrisignatus and N. substriatus. A key is provided for the known species of Neoclypeodytes. Distribution maps, illustrations of important morphological features and natural history notes are provided for each species. A single possible synapomorphy was found supporting the monophyly of Neoclypeodytes, a pattern of two maculae on each elytron. The perplexing and unresolved relationships of Neoclypeodytes to other bidessine genera are discussed. A cladistic analysis using twenty‐two characters of adult morphology is presented for twenty‐five species of Neoclypeodytes, with Uvarus lacustris (Say) and Liodessus affinis (Say) as outgroup taxa (rooted at U. lacustris). A single most parsimonious cladogram was obtained.     

Phyllodiaptomus praedictus n. sp. (Copepoda,Calanoida) from Thailand

Phyllodiaptomus praedictus n. sp. is described from the Bangkok area. It might be endemic to Thailand. It belongs to the blanci-group of species, and is most closely related to P. annae and P. wellekensae.     

A revision of the lygaeid genus Pseudopachybrachius (Hemiptera)

Abstract. The rhyparochromine lygaeid genus Pseudopachybrachius is revised. Four species are recognized in the perplexing vinctus-gvoup (viz capicola, reductus, vinctus and guttus) based on the genitalia details and external features. One new species, P.concepcioni sp.nov., is described from the West Indies and South America. New distributional records are given for all species. Pamera dubia Reuter 1882 is synonymized with Pseudopachybrachius reductus (Walker, 1872) and a neotype is designated for Rhyparochromus inconspicuus Dallas, 1852. A key and diagnostic characters of seven species are given. Phylogenetic and zoogeographic relationships are discussed. Illustrations of the genitalia, a cladogram and diagnostic external features are included.     

From Eastern Arc Mountains to extreme sexual dimorphism: systematics of the enigmatic assassin bug genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Xenocaucus</Emphasis> (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Tribelocephalinae)

The Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM) have long been recognized as an area of extraordinary endemic biodiversity but have remained understudied compared to other biodiversity hotspots. The tribelocephaline assassin bug genus Xenocaucus China & Usinger, 1949, currently comprises two species known from the Uluguru Mountains of the EAM and Bioko Island in the Gulf of Guinea. Both species are based on single apterous and apparently eyeless female specimens. Based on collections resulting from extensive leaf litter sampling in Tanzania and Ethiopia, we here describe six new species, five based on females (Xenocaucus chomensis, n. sp., Xenocaucus kimbozensis, n. sp., Xenocaucus nguru, n. sp., Xenocaucus rubeho, n. sp., and Xenocaucus uluguru, n. sp.) and Xenocaucus ethiopiensis, n. sp., for which we discovered a macropterous male with well-developed eyes in addition to the apterous females. Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that Xenocaucus ethiopiensis, n. sp., is the sister taxon to the Tanzanian clade and support morphology-based species concepts. Divergence dating shows that diversification in the Tanzanian clade started ～15 mya, with the youngest species-level split occurring ～8 mya. Three species occur across multiple mountain ranges in the EAM or occur also on Mt. Hanang, and biogeographic analyses suggest a complex history of Xenocaucus in East Africa.     

The New World species of the water-beetle genus Notomicrus (Noteridae)*

Eight species of Notomicrus Sharp are recognized and described or partially redescribed with figures of dorsal outlines and external male genitalia: brevicomis Sharp, gracilipes Sharp, huttoni sp.n., malkini sp.n., nanulus (LeConte), reticulatus Zimmermann, sharpi Balfour-Browne, traili Sharp. A key for identification is given, but the main reliance for recognition of the species is on the external male genitalia. New distribution records are given for all species.     

A taxonomic review of the Gyrinidae (Coleoptera) in Korea

A taxonomic review of Korean Gyrinidae is presented. Seven species [Dineutus orientalis (Modeer, 1776), Gyrinus gestroi Régimbart, 1883, Gyrinus japonicus Sharp, 1873, Gyrinus pullatus Zaitzev, 1908, Orectochilus punctipennis Sharp, 1884, Orectochilus Regimbarti Sharp, 1884 and Orectochilus villosus (Müller, 1776)] in three genera are recognized, one of which (Orectochilus punctipennis Sharp, 1884) is reported for the first time in Korea. We also found that Gyrinus curtus Motschulsky, 1866 previously recorded in Korea was an incorrect identification of Gyrinus pullatus Zaitzev, 1908. Habitus and SEM photographs, distribution maps, keys, and diagnoses of genera and species are provided.