基于《医疗服务重点环节沟通指南》的和谐医患关系构建

当前医患矛盾和纠纷事件时有发生,与医患之间的沟通不到位有着密切的关系。无锡市人民医院通过调研、实践,明确医疗服务沟通中的重点环节,建立标准化的医患沟通模式,编出符合当前实际的“医疗服务重点环节沟通指南”,并将其应用于临床,从而实现强化以医方为主导的医患沟通理念、提升沟通能力、融洽医患关系、促进医院发展的目标。     

医务人员视角下的医患关系影响因素研究

目的 从医务人员视角出发,分析医患关系的现状、存在的问题及其原因。方法 选取广东省10所医院,以“科室”为层,抽取1 125名医务人员对医患关系认知状况进行问卷调查。结果 86.21%的人认为当前医患关系更加紧张,影响医患关系的主要因素依次为医疗技术方面、候诊服务、医患沟通、非医疗技术方面、医院管理。患者抱怨最多的是药价贵和排队时间长,分别占29.7%,26.9%。结论 医务人员对医患关系信心不足,医生技术水平、医患沟通、医院管理是当前改善医患关系的重点。     

在住院处深入开展以人为本与和谐共存服务理念的探讨

目的：为构建和谐的医患关系,为病人提供优质服务,结合住院处的实际情况,探讨在医院住院处深入开展以人为本与和谐共存服务理念的重要性和必要性。方法：详细介绍以人为本与和谐共存服务理念,简要概括医院住院处的工作职责及其在医院系统中的作用和地位,将以人为本与和谐共存服务理念与医院住院处的职责相结合,探讨该理念在提升住院处的工作职能、促进与患者的沟通交流、提升医院信誉、维护医院形象中的作用。结果：以人为本与和谐共存服务理念在指导住院处各项工作中确实有一定的引导作用。结论：将以人为本与和谐共存服务理念在提升住院处的工作职能相结合,可以很好地促进医务人员与患者的沟通交流,提升医院信誉,提高医院竞争力。     

构建医患和谐：大型医院图书馆的医学信息服务的“三个面向”

针对临床医疗引发的医患矛盾,从医学信息服务角度提出了以面向医院管理层、临床医务人员和患者的医学信息服务来化解矛盾,阐述了大型医院图书馆以医学信息服务为纽带,构建医患和谐的工作要点。     

医患关系模式与医院法治文化辨析????? ——以“萨斯-何伦德”模式为理论视角

以医患关系理论中“萨斯-何伦德模式”为视角,探讨医患关系模式与医院法治文化的关系。医患法治理念、权责意识的缺失,是导致医患关系紧张的原因,提出将医院法治文化根植于医疗活动之中,使公平、自由、人权等理念在医患之间传递,从而使医患二者产生清晰的权责意识,最终会达到正向调节医患关系的目的。     

患者的道德权利在医患纠纷中的重要性

近年来医患冲突不断发生,一系列由伦理道德而引发的医疗纠纷事件反映了我国医院管理存在的问题。患者及家属的观念偏移、医患双方信息不对等、医务人员态度不佳以及医疗资源分配不均等问题均是医患冲突的影响因素。我们通过分析患者的道德权利在医患关系中重要地位,认为医务人员应当树立"以人为本"的服务理念,重视患者及家属的社会心理需求,促进医学道德的发展,构建和谐的医患关系。     

新时期构建和谐医患关系的思考

随着社会的进步和医学科学的发展,医院在就医环境、医疗设备和技术水平等方面得到不断改善和提高,医疗服务质量整体呈上升趋势,但公众看病难、看病贵的现状没有从根本上得到解决,反而呈现出医患矛盾不断加剧,医疗纠纷日益增多,医闹呈职业化发展的态势。本文通过对当前医患关系现状分析,提出化解医患矛盾、构建和谐医患关系的对策,从而为经济社会发展保驾护航。     

医院整体医疗管理模式探索历程与实施成效

医院整体医疗管理模式是以医学整体论、生物—心理—社会医学模式为指导,为满足社会民众的健康需求而创新的医院医疗管理新模式。经过10多年的实践与探索,拓宽了院前院后医疗保健功能,提升了医疗质量与医疗服务效能,融洽了医患关系,为医院赢得了良好的声誉,成效显著。     

对新医改下病人就医需求的认识与思考

“以病人为中心”是全球一致认同的观点。病人到医院就医时的需求是什么,并未被所有医护人员所理解。在医药卫生体制改革的背景下,如果弄不清病人就医需求是什么,医改就不能满足大众和社会的需求。通过对病人就医心理的分析,阐述了病人对医院和医生的需求,概括起来就是“4C”,包括：方便、关爱、疗效和费用。这四个方面是改善医患关系、防范医疗风险、保障医改成功的重要因素。     

关于构建对医生人文关怀保障机制的思考

医生作为一种高危职业,面临着巨大的职业压力。尤其在医患关系紧张的今天,医生面临着前所未有的压力。而在这种情况下,无论是社会还是医院,多数时候,过多的只是强调对患者的人文关怀,却忽视了对医生的人文关怀。若医院能在工作上、风险保障上、经济上、心理上给予医生更多的人文关怀,既可以减轻医生的压力,使医生更好地为患者服务;又可以改善医患关系,建立良好和谐的医患关系。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.