共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
本试验选用6个抗病性不同的甘蓝型油莱品种,研究其叶表皮蜡质组成及结构与菌核病抗性的关系。结果表明,抗病品种在去除叶表皮蜡质后病情指数显著增加;感病品种无显著变化。不同抗性品种(系)间除酯类组分含量无显著差异外,其余蜡质组分含量差异显著。相关分析表明,蜡质组分中酯类含量与病情指数呈显著负相关关系,醇类、酮类含量与病情指数呈显著正相关,其余组分和蜡质总量与病情指数无显著相关关系。抗性品种叶表皮蜡质中烷类及酯类所占比重较高,而易感品种酮类比重较高。扫描电镜结果显示,抗病品种(系)的蜡质晶体主要为颗粒状、杆状、丝状;而感病品种(系)的蜡质晶体中不规则片状晶体所占比例较大。这些结果说明油菜叶表皮蜡质的组分及结构可能是抗病品种抵抗和延迟病原菌侵入的机制之一。 相似文献
3.
The eukaryotic protein kinase superfamily of the necrotrophic fungal plant pathogen,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 下载免费PDF全文
Protein kinases have been implicated in the regulation of many processes that guide pathogen development throughout the course of infection. A survey of the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum genome for genes encoding proteins containing the highly conserved eukaryotic protein kinase (ePK) domain, the largest protein kinase superfamily, revealed 92 S. sclerotiorum ePKs. This review examines the composition of the S. sclerotiorum ePKs based on conserved motifs within the ePK domain family, and relates this to orthologues found in other filamentous fungi and yeasts. The ePKs are also discussed in terms of their proposed role(s) in aspects of host pathogenesis, including the coordination of mycelial growth/development and deployment of pathogenicity determinants in response to environmental stimuli, nutrients and stress. 相似文献
4.
导入双价基因的转基因杂交油菜亲本及其对菌核病抗性的研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
比较了乙酰丁香酮、pH、共培养温度及不同激素配比对根癌农杆菌转化油菜(Brassica napus)的影响,建立了油菜高效转化体系.按该体系,将组成型表达几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因转化甘蓝型双低杂交油菜亲本恢复系和保持系,获得了转基因恢复系和保持系植株.对再生植株进行PCR和SouthemBlot检测,结果表明外源基因已整合到油菜基因组中.连续3代的PCR检测及转基因植株抗病性在自交后代中得到保持,证实外源基因已遗传到T3代.对转基因植株T1代离体叶进行菌核病菌丝体接种和T1及T2代大田自然侵染鉴定,结果表明,转基因恢复系棚40-12、棚40-32和保持系96B-2对菌核病的抗性比受体对照大幅度提高,大田鉴定其发病率连续2年均比受体对照减少78%以上,比抗病品种‘中油821'减少75%以上,病情指数比受体对照和‘中油821'减少均达显著水平,其抗病性能在后代稳定遗传,获得了高抗菌核病的转基因育种材料. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
Twenty‐five primers produced unambiguous amplification products of 23 microsatellite‐containing loci and two microsatellite‐like polymorphic loci, with 2–10 alleles at each locus in the plant pathogenic fungus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Haplotypes are polymorphic among individuals sharing the same DNA fingerprint and DNA sequence haplotype, facilitating epidemiological monitoring worldwide. Fourteen of these primers also successfully amplified the closely related S. trifoliorum and S. minor. 相似文献
8.
Yanru Cao Xingying Yan Shuyao Ran John Ralph Rebecca A. Smith Xueping Chen Cunmin Qu Jiana Li Liezhao Liu 《Plant, cell & environment》2022,45(1):248-261
Ferulate-5-hydroxylase is a key enzyme involved in the conversion of the guaiacyl monolignol to the syringyl monolignol in angiosperms. The monolignol ratio has been proposed to affect biomass recalcitrance and the resistance to plant disease. Stem rot caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica napus causes severe losses in its production. To date, there is no information about the effect of the lignin monomer ratio on the resistance to S. sclerotiorum in B. napus. Four dominantly expressed ferulate-5-hydroxylase genes were concertedly knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9 in B. napus, and three mutant lines were generated. The S/G lignin compositional ratio was decreased compared to that of the wild type based on the results of M?ule staining and 2D-NMR profiling in KO-7. The resistance to S. sclerotiorum in stems and leaves increased for the three f5h mutant lines compared with WT. Furthermore, we found that the stem strength of f5h mutant lines was significantly increased. Overall, we demonstrate for the first time that decreasing the S/G ratio by knocking out of the F5H gene improves S. sclerotiorum resistance in B. napus and increases stem strength. 相似文献
9.
Toby E. Newman Haseong Kim Yuphin Khentry Kee Hoon Sohn Mark C. Derbyshire Lars G. Kamphuis 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2023,24(8):866-881
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a broad host range necrotrophic fungal pathogen, which causes disease on many economically important crop species. S. sclerotiorum has been shown to secrete small effector proteins to kill host cells and acquire nutrients. We set out to discover novel necrosis-inducing effectors and characterize their activity using transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Five intracellular necrosis-inducing effectors were identified with differing host subcellular localization patterns, which were named intracellular necrosis-inducing effector 1–5 (SsINE1–5). We show for the first time a broad host range pathogen effector, SsINE1, that uses an RxLR-like motif to enter host cells. Furthermore, we provide preliminary evidence that SsINE5 induces necrosis via an NLR protein. All five of the identified effectors are highly conserved in globally sourced S. sclerotiorum isolates. Taken together, these results advance our understanding of the virulence mechanisms employed by S. sclerotiorum and reveal potential avenues for enhancing genetic resistance to this damaging fungal pathogen. 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
C. J. Jurke 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(2):142-155
Abstract Sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lib. deBary) affects canola wherever it is grown. Seeding rates, which are believed to affect the microclimate beneath the canopy, were evaluated for their impact on sclerotinia stem rot incidence. A study with five seeding rates (2.2 kg/ha, 3.3 kg/ha, 6.7 kg/ha, 13.3 kg/ha and 20.0 kg/ha) and four canola cultivars chosen for their variation in canopy structure and lodging resistance was conducted in Carman, Manitoba, Canada, in 2001 to 2003. A significant relationship between sclerotinia stem rot disease incidence (DI) and seeding rate was found. With an increase in seeding rate, the DI was significantly increased in the mean of the canola cultivars, and individually, only in the lodging-prone cultivar AC Excel. Lodging significantly increased for all cultivars when seeding rates exceeded the standard 6.7 kg/ha. Multiple regression analysis revealed that both plant density and lodging explain the majority of the variation in DI. Both plant density and lodging resistance varied in having a larger influence on DI depending on the year and cultivar analysed. Our results indicate that increasing seeding rate does modify the microenvironment and increases the potential for lodging, which may be responsible for plant-to-plant spread of this disease. 相似文献
13.
Ss‐Rhs1, a secretory Rhs repeat‐containing protein,is required for the virulence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 下载免费PDF全文
Yang Yu Jifen Xiao Wenjun Zhu Yuheng Yang Jiaqin Mei Chaowei Bi Wei Qian Ling Qing Wanzhong Tan 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2017,18(8):1052-1061
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating necrotrophic plant pathogen with a worldwide distribution. Cell wall‐degrading enzymes and oxalic acid are important to the virulence of this pathogen. Here, we report a novel secretory protein, Ss‐Rhs1, which is essential for the virulence of S. sclerotiorum. Ss‐Rhs1 is believed to contain a typical signal peptide at the N‐terminal and eight rearrangement hotspot (Rhs) repeats. Ss‐Rhs1 exhibited a high level of expression at the initial stage of sclerotial development, as well as during the hyphal infection process. Targeted silencing of Ss‐Rhs1 resulted in abnormal colony morphology and reduced virulence on host plants. Microscopic observations indicated that Ss‐Rhs1‐silenced strains exhibited reduced efficiency in compound appressoria formation. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
17.
在室内条件下通过菌丝生长速率法测定了分离自安徽省10个县市的油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotinia scleroti-orum)对速克灵的敏感性。结果表明,速克灵对各供试菌株的EC50值分布范围为0.0899-0.4966μg/mL,平均为0.2541μg/mL,且供试菌株在含速克灵质量浓度为10 000μg/mL的PDA平板上菌丝生长几乎完全被抑制。表明各供试菌株对速克灵十分敏感,但其敏感程度地区间存在较大差异。通过室内药剂直接诱变法,获得了抗速克灵突变株。抗性突变株抗性测定结果表明,某些地区的抗性菌株抗性消失,有些地区的抗性菌株抗性继续保持。结果显示安徽省油菜菌核病菌对速克灵具有潜在的抗药性风险。 相似文献
18.
Transcriptional reprogramming underpins enhanced plant growth promotion by the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma hamatum GD12 during antagonistic interactions with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soil 下载免费PDF全文
Sophie Shaw Kate Le Cocq Konrad Paszkiewicz Karen Moore Rebecca Winsbury Marta de Torres Zabala David J. Studholme Deborah Salmon Christopher R. Thornton Murray R. Grant 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2016,17(9):1425-1441
19.
通过室内紫外光诱导,获得了油菜菌核病菌多株抗扑海因突变体。采用菌丝生长速率法.对诱变得到的抗扑海因菌株的抗药性进行了测定。结果显示,油菜菌核病菌抗扑海因菌株的EC_(50)值分布范围为0.1159-604.2200μg/mL,平均值为117.1363μg/mL,突变株UVIP'SS-7、UVIP'SS-8、UVIP'SS-15、UVIP'SS-16和UVIP'SS-18的EC_(50)值均大于160μg/ML。油菜菌核病菌抗扑海因突变株在含扑海因质量浓度为1μg/mL时的菌核产生数量绝大多数都大于不含药PSA平板的菌核数量,而高浓度下菌核几乎不产生。 相似文献
20.