On Hunting Animals of the Biometric Menagerie for Online Signature

Individuals behave differently regarding to biometric authentication systems. This fact was formalized in the literature by the concept of Biometric Menagerie, defining and labeling user groups with animal names in order to reflect their characteristics with respect to biometric systems. This concept was illustrated for face, fingerprint, iris, and speech modalities. The present study extends the Biometric Menagerie to online signatures, by proposing a novel methodology that ties specific quality measures for signatures to categories of the Biometric Menagerie. Such measures are combined for retrieving automatically writer categories of the extended version of the Biometric Menagerie. Performance analysis with different types of classifiers shows the pertinence of our approach on the well-known MCYT-100 database.     

A tumor cell model for the determination of drug schedules and drug effect in tumor reduction

A tumor cell model is proposed to determine the required number of drug administrations, the total time to reduce the tumor to a particular size, and the minimum initial immediate kill effect of therapies to insure tumor regression. Generally, this model assumes that tumor cells are similar to normal cells in that their developments in various phases of the life cycle are completed with uniform speed. Specifically, the model assumes that the tumor size, in terms of the number of cells, has an exponential birth and death process and the proportions of cells in the various phases of the life cycle remain approximately the same at any time by mutual exchange of cells from phase to phase, in spite of growth and kill under natural growth. An immediate kill effect which usually decreases with repeated doses and a delayed kill effect are taken into account. Methods of estimating and determining the parameters of the model and a graphical example utilizing this model, in conjunction with a toxicity function, are included in this paper. Presented at the VI International Biometric Conference, Sydney, Australia August 20, 1967.     

Biometrics and aviation security

September’s terrorist attacks on the US once again raised the profile of airport and airline security. In this month’s guest features, Mike Dell, Biometric Technology Manager at Neurodynamics, and Calum Bunney, Director of International Biometric and Authentication Consulting examine the role that biometrics could have in future aviation security scenarios.     

Real-life biometric testing

During 2000, leading international practitioners on testing matters made a range of solicited contributions to the UK Biometric Working Group (UK BWG), a part of the UK Government Communications and Electronics Security Group (CESG). Beginning with the publication of a guideline document outlining Best Practices in Testing of Biometric Devices (“Best Practices”), the efforts of the UK BWG led directly to a carefully structured trial. Looking at seven biometric systems this trial was conducted over six months by the Centre for Mathematics and Scientific Computing at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) in the UK.     

Modeling Within-Host Evolution of HIV: Mutation,Competition and Strain Replacement

Virus evolution during infection of a single individual is a well-known feature of disease progression in chronic viral diseases. However, the simplest models of virus competition for host resources show the existence of a single dominant strain that grows most rapidly during the initial period of infection and competitively excludes all other virus strains. Here, we examine the dynamics of strain replacement in a simple model that includes a convex trade-off between rapid virus reproduction and long-term host cell survival. Strains are structured according to their within-cell replication rate. Over the course of infection, we find a progression in the dominant strain from fast- to moderately-replicating virus strains featuring distinct jumps in the replication rate of the dominant strain over time. We completely analyze the model and provide estimates for the replication rate of the initial dominant strain and its successors. Our model lays the groundwork for more detailed models of HIV selection and mutation. We outline future directions and application of related models to other biological situations.     

解决法医学问题的新工具：微生物群落

生物痕迹往往成为刑事侦查案件中的突破口,比如在涉及个人识别、嫌疑人追踪或者死亡时间(postmortem interval,PMI)等法医学问题上,生物源性证据往往发挥着至关重要的作用。目前,许多传统的法医学方法仍在沿用,但研究者们试图发现新的法医学工具,以此来弥补传统方法的不足或者为法医学实践增加新的思路和方法。得益于测序技术的发展,研究者们发现机体内外的微生物数量要远远超过细胞的数量,它们在地点溯源、个人识别、死亡时间的推断、生物犯罪及环境保护等方面均有着不小的应用价值。本文对这方面的研究进展进行了介绍。     

Random and fixed effects in plant genetics

Summary A general model for any type of genetic entry is developed which takes into account both the factorial model of gene effects and the ancestral sources, whether inbred lines or outbred varieties, of the genes.Utilizing the model, various genetic designs of fixed entries are explored for the estimation of genetic effects and the testing of genetic hypotheses. These designs consisted of generation means — parents, crosses, various types of backcrosses, and so on — stemming from one or more pairs of parents, and of hybrid combinations from factorial mating designs. Limitations, from the standpoint of genetic effects that can be estimated and genetic hypotheses that can be tested, are developed in considerable detail.When entries from the factorial mating designs are considered to be random, attention is focused on the estimation of genetic variances, rather than effects, and on the concomitant changes in the tests of genetic hypotheses. While there is considerable improvement over fixed entries in the number of types of genetic variances that can be estimated, and of genetic hypotheses that can be tested, they are still very limited in contrast to what would be most desirable.Paper No. 6018 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, North Carolina. This investigation was supported in part by NIH Research Grant No. GM 11546 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences.Preliminary: This paper was presented at the 7th International Biometric Conference. Since then it has come to various people's attention and I have been encouraged to give it a wider distribution. Except for editing, the paper is essentially as originally written.     

Survey: Banking on finance

As the banking industry introduces new services, such as internet or telephone banking, so customer authentication methods are changing. Biometric technologies still have some way to go, however, before they capture the hearts and minds of the banking industry, despite developments in legislation, installations and research.     

Selling biometrics to the retail sector

The retail sector is a potentially ‘hot’ application area for the biometrics industry. Fraudulent transactions and identity theft are rising at unprecedented levels causing unacceptable losses to retailers. Biometric technology is proving successful in fighting these sorts of crimes, and is attracting attention from some of the world’s major retailers. This attention has not yet matured into contracts, however, so for now the use of the technology is confined to small chains of stores, which are using the technology primarily for secure cheque cashing.     

Role of latency period in viral infection: a pest control model

The interrelationship of latency period in viral infection and overall infection process in host community are of critical importance in context of pest control programme. Both of them regulate the overall system stability as they are dynamically linked to predation by natural enemies in the system. The present paper deals with the role of latency period in viral infection through mathematical modeling and analysis. We propose a four dimensional mathematical model with delayed infection in pest community. It is shown that there exists a certain value of delay, say T( *) such that for T>T( *) the system exhibits global stability towards disease-free equilibrium. But for T相似文献   

The pedigree of the International Biometric Society

On the 60th anniversary of the International Biometric Society, a look back is taken to the view of biometry held by the first president, R. A. Fisher, as reflected in notes taken in a lecture course he gave in 1935-1936.     

Short Communication: The effect of age on young sheep biometric identification

Biometric identification provides an important tool for precision livestock farming. This study investigates the effect of weight gain and sheep maturation on recognition performance. Sheep facial identification was implemented using two convolutional neural network (CNN) called Faster R-CNN, and ResNet50V2, equipped with the state-of-art Additive Angular Margin (ArcFace) loss function. The identification model was tested on 47 young sheep at different stages, during a 3-month growth period, when they were between 2 and 5 months old, throughout which the sheep gained approximately 30 kilograms in weight. Results revealed that when the model was trained and tested on images of sheep aged 2 months, the average accuracy of the group was 95.4%, compared with 91.3% when trained on images of sheep aged 2 months but tested on images of sheep aged 5 months.     

The distribution of Chironomid larvae in relation to Chloride concentration in a brackish water region of the Netherlands

Drainage ditches are a familiar and common habitat in the Netherlands. Until recently however they have been the focus of few ecological studies. Extensive studies on Walcheren, a brackish water region of The Netherlands, have shown that chironomid larvae form a major component of the animal communities in the mud. The spatial distribution of some of these species can be correlated with the chloride concentration of the water. Biometric data are included for the speciesChironomus salinarius, C. halophilus andC. plumosus. Communication nr. 151 of the Delta Institute for Hydrobiological Research     

Our future as history

These are exciting and challenging times for the International Biometric Society and professional societies in general. These challenges require that we actively plan for our future and consider "Our Future as History"; that which lies ahead becomes the present and the present becomes history. To plan for the future I build on themes identified in my presidential address in Montréal, outlining our current status and initiatives, predicting and highlighting implications that call for expansion of our current activities and creation of new ones. These will ensure that we create our desired future and thereby produce a proud legacy.     

The impact of the spatial structure of hydromacrophytes on the similarity of rotifera communities (Budzyńskie Lake,Poland)

Hydrobiologia - The hydrobiological research was carried out on the shallow and macrophyte-dominated Lake Budzyńskie (Wielkopolski National Park, Poland). Biometric parameters (such as length...     

A stochastic model for estimation of mutation rates in multiple-replication proliferation processes

In this paper we propose a stochastic model based on the branching process for estimation and comparison of the mutation rates in proliferation processes of cells or microbes. We assume in this model that cells or microbes (the elements of a population) are reproduced by generations and thus the model is more suitably applicable to situations in which the new elements in a population are produced by older elements from the previous generation rather than by newly created elements from the same current generation. Cells and bacteria proliferate by binary replication, whereas the RNA viruses proliferate by multiple replication. The model is in terms of multiple replications, which includes the special case of binary replication. We propose statistical procedures for estimation and comparison of the mutation rates from data of multiple cultures with divergent culture sizes. The mutation rate is defined as the probability of mutation per replication per genome and thus can be assumed constant in the entire proliferation process. We derive the number of cultures for planning experiments to achieve desired accuracy for estimation or desired statistical power for comparing the mutation rates of two strains of microbes. We establish the efficiency of the proposed method by demonstrating how the estimation of mutation rates would be affected when the culture sizes were assumed similar but actually diverge.      

Saflink wins $500,000 pharmaceutical order

Biometric middleware provider Saflink Corporation has received a purchase order from a major pharmaceutical company for approximately US$500,000. The order is for software development and other services, and will see the integration of its biometric authentication software into the pharmaceutical company’s production management infrastructure at a designated plant.This is a short news story only. Visit www.compseconline.com for the latest computer security news.     

禾本科针茅族(Stipeae)7种花粉形态比较研究

利用光学显微镜(LM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了针茅族7种花粉形态.观察显示,花粉形态均为近球形,具远极单孔,并有萌发孔盖(Operculum).LM观察到花粉外壁纹饰具粗细不一的颗粒状结构,SEM则可辨不同种类的颗粒或瘤状结构的大小及其形成图案的差异,其中芨芨草属(Achnatherum)花粉外壁纹饰的种间差异...     

乙型肝炎病毒动物模型的研究现状

讨论了目前乙肝病毒动物模型建立的基本原理和方法,同时比较了各种模型的用途与优缺点,为研究者选择合适的动物模型提供了依据。     

Monitoring virus entry into living cells using DiD-labeled dengue virus particles

A variety of approaches can be applied to investigate the multiple steps and interactions that occur during virus entry into the host cell. Single-virus tracking is a powerful real-time imaging technique that offers the possibility to monitor virus-cell binding, internalization, intracellular trafficking behavior, and the moment of membrane fusion of single virus particles in living cells. Here we describe the development and applications of a single-virus tracking assay based on the use of DiD-labeled dengue virus (DENV) in BS-C-1 cells. In addition – and using the same experimental setup – we present a binding and fusion assay that can be used to obtain a rapid insight into the relative extent of virus binding to the cell surface and membrane fusion. Details of virus labeling and characterization, microscopy setup, protocols, data analysis, and hints for troubleshooting are described throughout the paper.