共查询到15条相似文献,搜索用时 71 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
近红外无创伤血糖测量的组织光学基础研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
人体血糖浓度无创伤测量是当今学术界和医学界普遍关注的课题。在分析了血糖浓度无创伤测量的意义、现有的测量方法及其进展后,从组织光学角度分析血糖浓度无创伤测量中包含的研究内容,并根据当前的研究现状,提出血糖浓度无创伤测量所存在的问题。通过组织光学角度对血糖浓度无创伤测量方法的剖析,更加明确血糖测量的研究任务,有望促使其更进一步的发展以及血液中其他成分的无创测量。 相似文献
4.
近红外光谱技术在稻米特性检测中的应用(综述) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近红外光谱技术是一种新型的检测分析技术,广泛应用于农业、林业、工业、医药以及食品等多个行业领域。文章综述近红外光谱技术在稻米特性检测中的应用概况,包括对大米淀粉、蛋白质和脂肪酸等营养物质的测定,大米糊化特性、粘稠度和食味特性的分析,水稻生长过程中氮、磷、钾和其他营养元素含量的分析,育种研究与品种鉴别,病害、重金属等有害物质以及其他方面。同时,指出该技术在当前检测应用中存在的一些问题,并针对目前发展趋势展望该技术的前景。 相似文献
5.
6.
目的:探讨有创无创序贯通气和有创机械通气对急性呼吸衰竭患者血糖水平及预后的影响。方法:选取我院重症医学科2012年3月至2017年10月收治的急性呼吸衰竭患者81例,按照通气方式不同分为两组,对照组(41例)采用单纯有创机械通气治疗,观察组(40例)采用有创-无创序贯通气治疗。比较两组患者的血糖水平、临床指标、治疗时间和临床转归情况。结果:两组患者治疗后血糖水平均较治疗前显著升高(P0.05),而观察组血糖水平显著低于对照组(P0.05);对照组拔管时和观察组通气3h后患者的动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO---_2)、动脉血氧分压(PaO_2)、收缩压(SBP)和心率(HR)对比无显著性差异(P0.05);观察组的通气时间、住院时间与对照组相比均较短(P0.05),撤机成功率高于对照组(P0.05),再插管率、呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP)和死亡率均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:有创无创序贯通气急性呼吸衰竭患者血糖水平较低,治疗时间较短,且再插管率、VAP和死亡率较小,显著改善患者预后。 相似文献
7.
8.
为探索近红外光谱技术在大豆氨基酸测试中的应用,寻找一种快速的检测方法,以167份大豆[Glycine max(L.)Merr.]种子为材料,采用傅里叶变换近红外光谱技术(FT-NIRS)对经高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析的18种氨基酸含量进行模拟.结果显示:天冬氨酸(R2cv=0.85)、谷氨酸(R2cv=0.86)、丝氨酸(R2cv=0.82)、甘氨酸(R2cv=0.89)、酪氨酸(R2cv=0.83)、苯丙氨酸(R2cv=0.78)、异亮氨酸(R2cv=0.86)和色氨酸(R2cv=0.81)及15种氨基酸总和(R2cv=0.82)可利用FT-NIRS准确预测;苏氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸和胱氨酸检测模型有一定的参考价值,可用来进行相对含量的估测;而对组氨酸、赖氨酸、脯氨酸和蛋氨酸的预测不准确.本研究进一步证明,利用FT-NIRS技术预测大豆主要氨基酸组分是稳定可行的. 相似文献
9.
10.
目的:探讨无创DNA检测技术在孕妇产前临床检测中的应用。方法:对276例孕妇进行胎儿无创DNA产前检测,包括高龄(年龄≥35岁)、唐筛结果为高风险或单项指标异常、超声软指标异常者。结果:276例中,267例检测为低风险,9例检测为高风险。高风险包括5例提示21-三体综合征、2例提示18-三体综合征、1例提示13-三体综合征、1例提示胎儿性染色体DNA含量不足。9例异常者经羊水和脐血穿刺检测证实与无创DNA结果吻合,准确率为100%。结论:无创DNA产前检测针对胎儿21-、18-、13-三体综合征筛查,具有简单安全、可靠等优点,较血清学筛查有着无可比拟的优越性。这项技术大大减少了有创产前诊断人数,将作为一种筛查技术大规模应用于临床,是未来发展的趋势。 相似文献
11.
近红外光谱技术(NIRS)在人体的应用与研究是近年来在国内外新兴的研究领域,因为其方便无创,成本低等优点,近20年来在不断发展和完善,引起大家的广泛关注。近红外光谱在700-900 mm范围内可以穿透一定深度的组织,组织内含氧血红蛋白、去氧血红蛋白对近红外光的吸收系数存在差异,经过传感器和计算机技术分析,得到组织的血氧参数。其测量参数为微动脉、微静脉和毛细血管中血液的血氧参数之加权平均,反应组织中的血氧参数,其中静脉血占主要地位,不同于普通脉搏式血氧监测仪的指端动脉血的血氧饱和度。基于近红外光谱技术的近红外组织血氧无创监测仪、功能性近红外光谱技术(f NIRS)、近红外光谱荧光技术等在临床医学,运动医学,神经生物学,认知科学,脑力疲劳,人机交互等新兴领域正发挥越来越重要作用。 相似文献
12.
目的:比较正常人及冠心病患者两侧劳宫穴(PC8)微弱红外辐射光谱的差异性。方法:对47名正常人和50名冠心病患者左右侧劳宫穴红外辐射进行检测,通过光谱形态分析和点值比较的方法对两侧红外辐射光谱的差异进行研究。结果:人体两侧劳宫穴红外辐射光谱形态基本一致,但在辐射峰处两侧劳宫穴红外辐射强度有显著差异(P<0.05),正常人两侧劳宫穴辐射强度差值和冠心病患者相比并无显著性差异P>0.05。结论:劳宫穴的红外辐射不能灵敏地反应冠心病心肌缺血缺氧的病理状态,人体穴位红外辐射光谱无刺激性探测和分析为经穴特异性研究提供了新的途径。 相似文献
13.
采用红外光谱技术探讨了抗重金属细菌NTG-01对针铁矿吸附Cu2 、Cd2 的影响。结果表明:①细菌细胞表面的游离羟基可以吸附Cu2 ;②加入细菌以后促进了Cu2 与针铁矿表面游离羟基(-OH)反应,使Cd2 与其表面的水合羟基(-OH2)的反应加强。 相似文献
14.
15.
Marcella A. Calfon Amir Rosenthal Georgios Mallas Adam Mauskapf R. Nika Nudelman Vasilis Ntziachristos Farouc A. Jaffer 《Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE》2011,(54)
The vascular response to injury is a well-orchestrated inflammatory response triggered by the accumulation of macrophages within the vessel wall leading to an accumulation of lipid-laden intra-luminal plaque, smooth muscle cell proliferation and progressive narrowing of the vessel lumen. The formation of such vulnerable plaques prone to rupture underlies the majority of cases of acute myocardial infarction. The complex molecular and cellular inflammatory cascade is orchestrated by the recruitment of T lymphocytes and macrophages and their paracrine effects on endothelial and smooth muscle cells.1Molecular imaging in atherosclerosis has evolved into an important clinical and research tool that allows in vivo visualization of inflammation and other biological processes. Several recent examples demonstrate the ability to detect high-risk plaques in patients, and assess the effects of pharmacotherapeutics in atherosclerosis.4 While a number of molecular imaging approaches (in particular MRI and PET) can image biological aspects of large vessels such as the carotid arteries, scant options exist for imaging of coronary arteries.2 The advent of high-resolution optical imaging strategies, in particular near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF), coupled with activatable fluorescent probes, have enhanced sensitivity and led to the development of new intravascular strategies to improve biological imaging of human coronary atherosclerosis.Near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) molecular imaging utilizes excitation light with a defined band width (650-900 nm) as a source of photons that, when delivered to an optical contrast agent or fluorescent probe, emits fluorescence in the NIR window that can be detected using an appropriate emission filter and a high sensitivity charge-coupled camera. As opposed to visible light, NIR light penetrates deeply into tissue, is markedly less attenuated by endogenous photon absorbers such as hemoglobin, lipid and water, and enables high target-to-background ratios due to reduced autofluorescence in the NIR window. Imaging within the NIR ''window'' can substantially improve the potential for in vivo imaging.2,5Inflammatory cysteine proteases have been well studied using activatable NIRF probes10, and play important roles in atherogenesis. Via degradation of the extracellular matrix, cysteine proteases contribute importantly to the progression and complications of atherosclerosis8. In particular, the cysteine protease, cathepsin B, is highly expressed and colocalizes with macrophages in experimental murine, rabbit, and human atheromata.3,6,7 In addition, cathepsin B activity in plaques can be sensed in vivo utilizing a previously described 1-D intravascular near-infrared fluorescence technology6, in conjunction with an injectable nanosensor agent that consists of a poly-lysine polymer backbone derivatized with multiple NIR fluorochromes (VM110/Prosense750, ex/em 750/780nm, VisEn Medical, Woburn, MA) that results in strong intramolecular quenching at baseline.10 Following targeted enzymatic cleavage by cysteine proteases such as cathepsin B (known to colocalize with plaque macrophages), the fluorochromes separate, resulting in substantial amplification of the NIRF signal. Intravascular detection of NIR fluorescence signal by the utilized novel 2D intravascular NIRF catheter now enables high-resolution, geometrically accurate in vivo detection of cathepsin B activity in inflamed plaque.
In vivo molecular imaging of atherosclerosis using catheter-based 2D NIRF imaging, as opposed to a prior 1-D spectroscopic approach,6 is a novel and promising tool that utilizes augmented protease activity in macrophage-rich plaque to detect vascular inflammation.11,12 The following research protocol describes the use of an intravascular 2-dimensional NIRF catheter to image and characterize plaque structure utilizing key aspects of plaque biology. It is a translatable platform that when integrated with existing clinical imaging technologies including angiography and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), offers a unique and novel integrated multimodal molecular imaging technique that distinguishes inflammatory atheromata, and allows detection of intravascular NIRF signals in human-sized coronary arteries.Download video file.(61M, mov) 相似文献