106例老年急性心肌梗死死亡因素及临床特点分析

目的:分析老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)主要死亡因素及其临床特点.方法:对106例老年AMI进行经皮经腔冠状动脉成形术、支架置入术、静脉溶栓、非静脉溶栓组进行治疗,并分析其主要死亡因素和临床特点.结果:106例老年AMI患者中,84例血管再通,22例死亡.结论:年龄因素是决定老年AMI患者死亡率的重要指标之一.     

老年人脑梗死156例临床分析

目的:探讨老年人脑梗死的病因,危险因素及临床特点。方法:回顾性分析156例老年患者的临床资料并进行统计学分析。结果:动脉硬化是老年人脑梗死最常见的病因。脑梗死主要的危险因素有高血压、高血脂、吸烟、家族史等。男性发病率明显高于女性。结论:尽早明确老年脑梗死的病因,积极预防各种危险因素,给予充分的治疗可有效减少其发生。     

推拿为主治疗颈性眩晕160例

颈性眩晕是由于颈椎病引起椎基底动脉供血不足所致,临床以发作性眩晕为主,可伴有恶心、颈肩痛或颈枕痛、呕吐、视物不清等临床症状。近年来笔者采用推拿为主治疗１６０例颈性眩晕患者,效果满意,现报告如下：１临床资料１６０例中男７３例,女８７例,最大年龄６６岁,...     

降纤酶治疗内耳眩晕症的疗效观察

我科自 1 998年初至 2 0 0 0年 1 0月在临床上按全国蛇毒酶临床应用研究协作组建议的降纤酶治疗方案 ,治疗内耳性眩晕症 2 6例 ,疗效肯定 ,现将临床疗效报告如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料　 2 6例患者发病 2～ 1 2年 ,最少发作数 2次 ,最多发作数 1 5次 ,均为反复眩晕发作 ,感音性听力减退 ,伴有不同程度的耳鸣、耳聋 ,曾行头颅 CT及颈椎正侧位片检查未见异常。全部病例均符合内耳眩晕症的诊断 [1] 。其中男 1 9例 ,年龄1 9～ 62岁 ,平均 36岁 ;女 7例 ,年龄 32～ 5 8岁 ,平均 44.6岁。1 .2　治疗方法　降纤酶 (广西医科大学生物制品研…     

清栓酶治疗眩晕症一例报告

清栓酶治疗眩晕症一例报告南宁市钢铁厂医务所赖丽娟前言颈性眩晕是指椎动脉供血不足引起的中枢性眩晕,是中老年人的常见病,病因比较复杂,目前临床上并无特殊药物可以使用,常以对症治疗来缓解症状。笔者试用清栓酶治疗一例因椎基底动脉供血不足引起的眩晕症患者疗效满...     

不明原因肝功能异常患者的临床诊断思维

目的：建立不明原因肝功能异常患者的临床诊断思维以提高疑难肝病的诊治水平。方法：回顾性分析我院收治的4例不明原因肝功能异常患者的临床资料及诊治经过,并复习相关文献。结果：导致肝功能异常的病因虽极为复杂但通过详细询问病史,进行细致全面的体格检查以及必要的实验室和辅助检查,慎重采取诊断性治疗措施,提高少见病例对诊断影响的认识,绝大多数的病因可以查明。结论：不明原因肝功能异常患者的临床表现多样,病因复杂,建立相应的临床诊断思维可减少误诊和漏诊。     

儿童慢性腹泻病因分析

目的探讨儿童慢性腹泻的病因,以提高临床诊治水平。方法选择2005年12月至2010年12月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院住院的141例慢性腹泻患儿为研究对象,对患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组病例中常见致病因素依次为过敏因素46.2%(24/52)、肠道内感染28.4%(40/141)、乳糖不耐受28.3%(26/92)。共109例明确病因诊断,55.1%(60/109)为多因素共同致病,以肠道内感染合并继发乳糖不耐受,过敏合并继发乳糖不耐受,免疫缺陷合并肠道内感染多见。前4位主要病因诊断为感染性腹泻(24.1%)、过敏性腹泻(17.0%)、乳糖不耐受(7.1%)、炎症性肠病(6.4%)。结论除肠道内感染外,过敏因素、乳糖不耐受等也是儿童慢性腹泻常见致病因素。儿童慢性腹泻常由多因素共同致病,主要病因除感染性腹泻外,过敏性腹泻、乳糖不耐受、炎症性肠病等也是常见病因。儿童慢性腹泻重在病因诊断,针对病因治疗。     

半夏白术天麻汤治疗颈性眩晕的临床疗效

目的:探讨半夏白术天麻汤治疗颈性眩晕的临床效果。方法:研究2011年1月-2012年7月期间治疗的60例颈部活动诱发眩晕的患者,采用半夏白术天麻汤进行治疗并观察疗效。结果:患者中服药最少者为7剂,最多者为29剂。其中显效53例(88.33%),有效6例(10%),无效1例(1.67%)。对60例患者进行颈椎的X光片复查,颈椎病变基本无改善。结论:半夏白术天麻汤对于改善患者的临床症状具有一定的作用,但对颈椎病变的治疗并无明显作用。     

保守治疗颈性眩晕的研究进展

颈性眩晕是指因颈源性因素引起的以眩晕为主的综合征,多发于40岁以上,患病率非常高,临床表现为眩晕、颈头痛、耳鸣、耳聋、眼球震颤、恶心、呕吐、肩背痛、心悸、出汗等,症状不但复杂,而且不典型,患者常同时患耳鼻喉科与神经内科的疾病。研究表明,50岁以上的眩晕患者中,约50%为颈性眩晕,其伴随症状的复杂性和高患病率严重影响了患者的健康和生活。目前,颈性眩晕的发病机制、诊断标准、治疗方法仍未完全明确,常造成误诊、误治,且尚无一种治疗手段能够彻底治愈此病。手术治疗此病较少,临床多以保守治疗为主,包括手法推拿按摩治疗、牵引治疗、针灸及理疗以及中、西医药治疗、神经阻滞治疗等。本文主要对保守治疗颈性眩晕的研究进展进行了综述。     

消化道出血病因的临床分析

目的:回顾性分析消化道出血的病因构成、相关因素及治疗情况。方法:收集2008年7月至2013年9月因消化道出血在沈阳军区总医院消化内科住院的患者资料,包括患者的一般资料、入院日期、病因、出血部位、生命体征、疾病史。依据消化道出血程度分为轻度组(86例)、中度组(90例)、重度组(132例),分析消化道出血的病因特征。结果:与轻度组比较,重度组上消化道出血患者比例较高,中、重度组Blatchford评分、心率、尿素、血肌酐、凝血酶原时间、INR、血糖明显升高(P0.05);收缩压、舒张压、红细胞、血红蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇明显减低(P0.05)。重度组患有食管胃底静脉曲张的比例较高,行内镜下治疗的比例高(P0.05)。结论:根据患者出血程度可初步判断患者消化道出血的部位及病因,为临床诊治提供有价值的参考依据。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.