Magnolia jaenensis y M. manguillo, nuevas especies de Magnoliaceae del norte de Perú

Two new species of Magnoliaceae, Magnolia jaenensis and M. manguillo, from the Department of Cajamarca, Peru, are described. Magnolia jaenensis is similar to M. yarumalensis but differs in the shape of the leaves and sepals, number of petals, stem and carpels. Magnolia manguillo differs from M. henaoi, M. bankardiorum, and M. virolinensis in the length of the petiole, number of secondary leaf veins, shape and length of the vaginal hypsophyll, shape of sepals, and number of carpels. Both species are the first records of Magnolia for the Peruvian montane forest at elevations above 2100 m. Furthermore, information about phenology, habitat, and conservation status are provided for each species.     

Particularidades clínicas del paciente crítico con infección fúngica invasora

BackgroundInvasive fungal infection (IFI) is an entity that encompasses different types of infections caused by different types of those fungi pathogenic for humans. In the setting of critically ill patients with multiple and oftenconcurrent risk factors and comorbidities the most common are those caused by the Candida and Aspergillus species. Among the characteristics of IFI in critically ill patients, three aspects can be highlighted: those related to the host (e.g.: risk factors, clinical severity), those related with the pathogen (sensitivity, virulence), or those concerning antifungal treatment (spectrum, features PK / PD, safety, interactions). The fungus that most often causes an IFI in critically ill patients is Candida; the most common type infections are candidemia, Candida peritonitis and catheter-related infections. In recent years new antifungal treatments have expanded the therapeutic options, with echinocandins as a clear choice, often the first in the latest guidelines in critically ill patients with IFI.Case reportWe report the case of a critically ill patient having the most common risk factors, multiple organ dysfunction and development of an IFI. The complexity of establishing an antifungal treatment from the moment of its inception, its setting, and the considerations of the different therapeutic possibilities according to organ dysfunction of the patient are discussed. The antifungal treatment options mentioned in the current guidelines and recommendations are also evaluated.ConclusionsThe most common fungal infection in critically ill patients is invasive candidiasis, with candidemia or candida peritonitis being the most frequent clinical presentations. Candins have brought new possibilities for treating these complex patients due to their good safety profile and clinical efficacy.     

Eocene plant diversity at Laguna del Hunco and Río Pichileufú, Patagonia, Argentina

The origins of South America's exceptional plant diversity are poorly known from the fossil record. We report on unbiased quantitative collections of fossil floras from Laguna del Hunco (LH) and Río Pichileufú (RP) in Patagonia, Argentina. These sites represent a frost-free humid biome in South American middle latitudes of the globally warm Eocene. At LH, from 4,303 identified specimens, we recognize 186 species of plant organs and 152 species of leaves. Adjusted for sample size, the LH flora is more diverse than comparable Eocene floras known from other continents. The RP flora shares several taxa with LH and appears to be as rich, although sampling is preliminary. The two floras were previously considered coeval. However, (40)Ar/(39)Ar dating of three ash-fall tuff beds in close stratigraphic association with the RP flora indicates an age of 47.46+/-0.05 Ma, 4.5 million years younger than LH, for which one tuff is reanalyzed here as 51.91+/-0.22 Ma. Thus, diverse floral associations in Patagonia evolved by the Eocene, possibly in response to global warming, and were persistent and areally extensive. This suggests extraordinary richness at low latitudes via the latitudinal diversity gradient, corroborated by published palynological data from the Eocene of Colombia.     

Estudio y clasificacion de 156 cepas del genero „Candida“ Berkhout, 1923. — Consideraciones sobre candidomicosis, (Moniliasis)

Summary The authors have made an study and an specific classification of 156 yeast-like forms of fungus beloning to the genusCandida isolated in their majority from differents products of the human body.They verify also the high percentage of parasitism with is found theCandida albicans and the roll this specimen has as an aetiological agent in certain vulvo-vaginitis, bronchomycosis, onychomycosis and perionychomycosis, moist mycosis of interdigital spaces, inguinocrural, perianal, axillary and others cutaneous folds.With the name of Candidomycosis are designed the pathological process produced by fungus beloning to the GenusCandida.

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Trabajo presentado a la 4a. Jornada Clínica de Verano en el Hospital Viña del Mar los días 25-26-27-28 de Enero de 1950. (Viña del Mar;Chile).

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Profesor Adjunto de Parasitología de la Facultad de Medicina de Buenos Aires. — Jéfe del Laboratorio del Instituto de Clínica Quirürgica.

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Médico Jefe del Laboratorio de Micología y Tuberculosis del Instituto de Microbiología e Inmunología del ProfesorHugo Vaccaro de la Universidad do Chile.-Becado durante el año 1949 en Argentina por la Comisión Nacional de Cultura, para realizer estudios de Micología con el Prof. Dr. Flavio L. Niño.

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Ayudante del Laboratorio del Instituto de Clínica Quirúrgica.     

Seudoaneurisma diferido de arteria femoral profunda tras intervención quirúrgica de fractura de cadera. A propósito de un caso

The diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm of the deep femoral artery as a late complication after orthopaedic surgery is uncommon.The causes of the injury of the artery may be due to the intervention technique itself (mainly the orthopaedic materials or the use of clips), and less frequently by fragments displaced by the trochanter.A case of pseudoaneurysm of the deep femoral artery by a less displaced trochanter fragment is presented in this article, showing how the different professionals interacted, and with the intervention of specialists in angioradiology to resolve it.     

Bocio intratorácico tóxico. Perfil clínico y morbilidad quirúrgica en una unidad de cirugía endocrina

BackgroundThe development of postsurgical complications is exacerbated when several risk factors coincide in the same patient. Objective: To analyze the results of surgery for toxic intrathoracic goiter in terms of (a) the need for sternotomy; (b) morbidity and mortality; and (c) remission of compressive symptoms.Material and methodsA review (1980–2002) was carried out of 43 cases of toxic intrathoracic multinodular goiter according to Eschapase's definition (3 cm below the sternal manubrium) occurring in patients without previous thyroid surgery who underwent total thyroidectomy. There were 2 control groups: I (non-toxic intrathoracic goiter, without recurrence and not requiring total thyroidectomy) and II (non-intrathoracic, non-toxic goiter without recurrence, requiring total thyroidectomy). The following variables were analyzed: sociopersonal, clinical and surgical characteristics, morbidity, mortality, and outcome.ResultsCompared with the control groups, the patient group had longer disease duration and was older. In 6 patients (14%) 1 was difficulty in intubation, and 2 patients required fiberoptic intubation. All goiters could be extirpated through the cervical route. The morbidity rate was 37% (n=16). Notably, 4 were recurrent lesions (9%), 1 of which was definitive, and 14 were hyperparathyroidism (33%), one of which was definitive. The only difference between the control groups and the patient group was a greater incidence of transitory hypoparathyroidism in the patient group than in control group II (33% versus 15%; p=0.0103). Surgical outcomes were excellent in terms of symptom remission.ConclusionsIn any unit with ample experience of endocrine surgery, total thyroidectomy in toxic intrathoracic goiter can be carried out with a low risk of postsurgical complications, a low incidence of sternotomies and complete symptom remission. In intrathoracic goiter surgery, the presence of associated hyperthyroidism does not increase postoperative morbidity.     

Confort térmico y el riesgo de infecciones respiratorias en los adultos mayores en la sierra rural del Perú

The objective is to evaluate thermal comfort in the rural highlands of Peru and determine if thermal conditions influence the risk of respiratory infections. The probit regression model is used for this, with the unit of analysis being adults over 60 years of age. The information source is the data from the National Household Survey and the National Service of Meteorology and Hydrology of Peru. In addition, it was possible to monitor the temperature and the interior relative humidity of 4 types of bedrooms with a thermo-hygrometer and compared it with the desired thermal comfort index criterion. The results show that if the air temperature drops on average by one degree (1° C) in the area of residence, the probability of risk of respiratory infections in older adults increases by 0.18, although the relative humidity and the wind speed were not statistically significant at 1% significance level. Finally, the 4 types of bedrooms evaluated lacked the desired thermal comfort and increased the risk of acquiring respiratory infections.     

Situación de las Unidades de Recuperación Funcional en ortogeriatría según datos del Registro Nacional de Fractura de Cadera

IntroductionThe National Registry of Hip Fractures (RNFC) facilitates knowledge of hip fracture process in Spain to clinicians and managers and is useful to the reduction of the results variability, including the destination at discharge after the hip fracture.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe functional recovery units (URFs) use for patients with hip fracture included in the RNFC and to compare the results of the different autonomous communities (AC).Material and methodsAn observational, prospective and multicenter study of several hospitals in Spain. Data from a RNFC cohort of patients admitted with hip fracture between 2017 and 2022 were analyzed, focusing on the location at discharge of the patients, specifically on transfer to the URF.Results52,215 patients from 105 hospitals were analyzed, 9540 patients (18.1%) were transferred to URF upon discharge and 4595 (8.8%) remained in these units 30 days later, with a variable distribution between the different AC (0–49%) and variability of results in patients not recovering ambulation at 30 days (12.2–41.9%).ConclusionsThere is in orthogeriatric patient an unequal availability and use of URFs between different autonomous communities. The study of the usefulness of this resource can be of great value for decision-making in health policies.