大别山山核桃林植物组成与区系特征研究

大别山山核桃林植物组成与区系特征研究张旭东,黄成林（安徽农业大学,合肥２３００３６）叶志琪（合肥林业学校,合肥２３００３１）ＦｌｏｒｉｓｔｉｃｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｔｓｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆＣａｒｙａｃａｔｈａｙｅｎｓｉｓｆｏｒｅ...     

棉花无蜜腺性状抗棉铃虫及红铃虫效果研究

棉花无蜜腺性状抗棉铃虫及红铃虫效果研究郑冬官,方其英（安徽农业大学合肥２３００３３６）郑厚今（安徽省农业厅,合肥２３０００１）Ｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆｃｏｔｔｏｎｎｅｃｔａｒｉｌｅｓｓｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｔｏｂｏｌｌｗｏｒｍａｎｄｐｉｎｋｂｏｌｌｗｏｒ...     

RNA的核质转运

ＲＮＡ的核质转运蒋诗平（中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室,合肥２３００２９）李振刚（中国科学技术大学生物系,合肥２３００２６）关键词核质转运转运信号介质前言ＲＮＡ转运是真核生物细胞核质转运的重要过程之一。核孔复合物（ｎｕｃｌｅａｒｐｏｒｅｃｏｍｐｌ...     

营养缺陷型酵母的鉴定技术

营养缺陷型酵母的鉴定技术张明（安徽农业大学生物工程系，合肥２３００３６）王元君，潘仁瑞（中国科学技术大学生物系，合肥２３００２６）通过固体法和液体法鉴定酵母营养缺陷型的实验，证明了液体法较固体法精确，并用液体法成功地鉴定了粟酒裂殖酵母（ｓｃｈｉｚｏｓ...     

心叶留兰香的挥发油成分

心叶留兰香的挥发油成分周自新, 桂新（南京市卫生防疫站,南京２１０００３）（安徽中医学院中药系,合肥２３００３８）Ｔｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｏｉｌｓｆｒｏｍｍｅｎｔｈａｃｏｒｄｉｆｏｌｉａ￥ＺｈｏｕＺｉ－Ｘ?..     

石榴合心皮雌蕊和花序发生的研究

石榴合心皮雌蕊和花序发生的研究蔡永立,房丽艳（安徽农业大学基础部,合肥２３００３６）（合肥经济技术学院,合肥２３００５７）石榴（Ｐｕｎｉｃａｇｒａｎａｔｕｍ）原产于中亚、地中海沿岸,为石榴科的单属、单种植物。由于栽培已久,不同品种的花序类型和花部结构...     

红豆杉资源的开发应用

红豆杉资源的开发应用＠张余田￥安徽省合肥林校红豆杉资源的开发应用张余田（安徽省合肥林校,合肥２３００３１）红豆杉属（Ｔａｘｕｓ）植物为红豆杉科常绿乔木或灌木,全世界约有１１种,我国有其中的４种１变种,即西藏红豆杉（Ｔ．ｗａｌｉｃｈｉａｎａ）、东北红豆杉（Ｔ...     

石榴的大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体形成

石榴的大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体形成蔡永立（安徽农业大学基础部,合肥２３００３６）房丽艳（合肥经济技术学院基础部,合肥２３００５７）石榴Ｐｕｎｉｃａｇｒａｎａｔｕｍ为亚热带果树,经济价值较高。关于石榴的胚胎学研究,国内外系统报道不多。石榴在成花过程中形...     

苔菜的组织培养

苔菜的组织培养张小平１章槐彬１沈显生２吴晓东１（１安徽师范大学生物系，芜湖２４１０００；２安徽教育学院生物系，合肥２３００６１）ＴｉｓｓｕｅｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｏｆＬａｃｔｕｃａｓａｔｉｖａＬ．ｖａｒ．ｙｅｍｅｎａＸ．Ｓ．ＳｈｅｎｅｔＸ．Ｐ．ＺｈａｎｇＺ...     

酶联免疫检测（ELISA）药盒的开发应用现状及其展望

酶联免疫检测（ＥＬＩＳＡ）药盒的开发应用现状及其展望王益民张万泰（安徽省生物研究所合肥２３００３１）（合肥市曙光医院合肥２３００１１）各种酶联免疫检测药盒的技术都是构筑在由瑞典学者Ｅｎｇｖａｌ和荷兰学者ＶａｎＷｅｅｍｅｎ和Ｓｃｈｕｕｒｓ等于７０年代早...     

Green Tea Extract Increases mRNA Expression of Enzymes Which Influence Epigenetic Marks in Newborn Female Offspring from Undernourished Pregnant Mother

Biochemical and toxicological properties of catechin remain unclear, e.g.; how catechin affects female offspring from undernourished pregnant dams. Here, to elucidate effects of low prenatal protein on female offspring health status, changes of enzymes which modify epigenetic marks related with metabolism in kidneys from newborns were investigated after continuously administering catechin extracted from green tea to lactating maternal rats after pregnant undernourishment. We found that green tea extract intake during lactation up-regulated the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in young female offspring from protein-restricted dams and modulated the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway in the kidney. This pathway was indicated to be stimulated by SIRT1 gene expression. The feeding of green tea extract to protein-restricted dams during lactation is likely to up-regulate AMP-activated protein kinase activation and may partly lead to alterations of the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway in female offspring kidneys. In addition, energy metabolism in fetal and offspring period with green tea extract administration might be related to enzymes which modify epigenetic marks such as DNA methyltransferase 1 and 3a.     

Synthesis of Catechin‐Rare Earth Complex with Efficient and Broad‐Spectrum Anti‐Biofilm Activity

Biofilm is the crucial reason of clinical infections. Herein, green tea based polyphenol (catechin) and rare earth (RE) metal ions were employed for the preparation of catechin–RE complexes with significant anti‐biofilm properties. The complexes were characterized by FT‐IR, Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), which suggested that catechin coordinated with RE³⁺ through its ortho phenolic hydroxy groups. The prepared catechin‐RE showed significant effects in anti‐biofilm growth against P. aeruginosa (Gram‐negative bacteria), S. sciuri (Gram‐positive bacteria), and A. niger (fungi), which significantly exceeded the utilization of catechin or RE³⁺. Morphological observations indicated that catechin supplied cell affinity to transfer RE³⁺ and helped to damage cell membrane, which act as a carrier to exert cytotoxicity of RE³⁺ to realize anti‐biofilm. Differential gene expression analysis described gene expression changes induced by catechin‐RE, including 56, 272 and 2160 downregulated genes for P. aeruginosa, S. sciuri and A. niger, respectively, which suggested critical changes in cellular metabolism, growth and other processes. These results illustrate the outstanding superiority of catechin‐RE complexes in anti‐infection aspect, i. e., the green tea based rare earth complexes are promising candidates for anti‐biofilm applications to address serious challenges in the prevention of multiple infections.     

Green tea polyphenol (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate suppressed the differentiation of murine osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells

Recently, various physiological effects of the tea polyphenol catechin for alleviating diseases such as cancer, arteriosclerosis, hyperlipidaemia and osteoporosis have been reported. However, the physiological effect of catechin on bone metabolism remains unclear. We examined the physiological effect of EGCG [(?)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate], which is the main component of green tea catechin, on osteoblast development using the precursor cell line of osteoblasts, MC3T3‐E1, and co‐culture of the osteoblasts from mouse newborn calvaria and mouse bone marrow cells. Although EGCG did not affect the viability and proliferation of MC3T3‐E1 cells, EGCG inhibited the osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, EGCG did not affect the mineralization of differentiated MC3T3‐E1 cells, and reduced osteoclast formation in co‐culture. These results suggest that EGCG can effectively suppress bone resorption, and can be used as an effective medicine in the treatment of the symptoms of osteoporosis.     

福建主要茶树品种理化特性与假眼小绿叶蝉种群数量的相关性分析

比较分析了福建4个主要茶树品种(福云6号、铁观音、毛蟹、黄棪)的理化特性与假眼小绿叶蝉种群数量之间的相关关系,结果显示,假眼小绿叶蝉的种群数量与茶树品种叶片的物理结构———叶片总厚度、上表皮、上表皮角质层、下表皮、海绵组织厚度之间的相关性不显著,而与叶片下表皮角质层和栅栏组织厚度之间存在显著负相关。在生化指标方面,假眼小绿叶蝉的种群数量与茶树叶片中茶多酚、水溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、儿茶素含量之间的相关性不显著;与咖啡碱的含量有一定负相关,相关关系接近显著水平;而与游离氨基酸含量呈显著正相关。     

Absorption, metabolism and antioxidative effects of tea catechin in humans

Green tea is consumed as a popular beverage in Japan and throughout the world. During the past decade, epidemiological studies have shown that tea catechin intake is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease. In vitro biochemical studies have reported that catechins, particularly epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCg), help to prevent oxidation of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL oxidation has been recognized to be an important step in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and subsequent cardiovascular disease. Metabolic studies have shown that EGCg supplement is incorporated into human plasma at a maximum concentration of 4400 pmol/mL. Such concentrations would be enough to exert antioxidative activity in the blood stream. The potent antioxidant property of tea catechin may be beneficial in preventing the oxidation of LDL. It is of interest to examine the effect of green tea catechin supplementation on antioxidant capacity of plasma in humans by measuring plasma phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) as a marker of oxidized lipoproteins.     

Metabolism of dietary procyanidins in rats

Procyanidins are major dietary polyphenols made of elementary flavan-3-ol (epi)catechin units. They have antioxidant properties and may contribute to health benefits in humans, but little is known about their metabolic fate. We compared here the metabolism of procyanidin dimer B3, trimer C2, and polymer isolated from willow tree catkins to that of catechin monomer in rats. These compounds were administered in the rat diet (0.1%, w/w) for 5 d and their metabolites estimated in 24 h urine. In rats fed procyanidins, neither parent compound nor catechin derivatives could be detected in contrast to animals fed catechin monomer, which excreted large amounts of catechin and its 3'-O-methylated form (25.7 +/- 0.6%). On the other hand, 16 metabolites of microbial origin were detected and identified as phenylvaleric, phenylpropionic, phenylacetic, and benzoic acid derivatives. Their total yields significantly decreased from the catechin monomer (10.6 +/- 1.1%) to the procyanidin dimer (6.5 +/- 0.2%), trimer (0.7 +/- 0.1%), and polymer (0.5 +/- 0.1%). Therefore, the degree of procyanidin polymerization has a major impact on their fate in the body characterized by a poor absorption through the gut barrier and a limited metabolism by the intestinal microflora as compared to catechin. This will have to be considered to explain the health effects of procyanidins. The contribution of their microbial metabolites should also be further investigated.     

模拟酸雨和铝调控对茶叶主要化学品质与铝积累的影响

为研究模拟酸雨和铝(Al)对茶叶主要化学品质与Al积累的影响及其交互作用,采用3个酸度水平(pH 3.0、4.0、5.0)和4种Al浓度水平(0、10、20、30 mg L-1),用溶液培养法研究茶叶的主要化学指标和Al含量的异同.结果表明,在模拟酸雨下,茶叶的茶多酚和咖啡碱含量随酸度增加先增加后下降,氨基酸、儿茶素和...     

Plasma and lipoprotein levels of tea catechins following repeated tea consumption

Epidemiological studies suggest that antioxidant flavonoids in tea may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, possibly via protection of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) against oxidation. However, the extent of absorption of tea flavonoids and their accumulation in LDL during regular consumption of tea is not clear. Therefore we investigated plasma and lipoprotein levels of catechins during tea consumption and the impact on LDL oxidizability ex vivo. Eighteen healthy adults consumed, in an incomplete balanced cross-over design, green tea, black tea, black tea with milk or water, one cup every 2 hr (eight cups/day) for three days. Blood samples were obtained in the mornings and evenings of each day. Plasma total catechin concentration was determined in all blood samples, and the distribution of catechins among lipoproteins was determined at the end of the third day (t = 60 hr). The resistance of LDL to copper-induced oxidation ex vivo was assessed before tea consumption and at t = 60 hr. Repeated tea consumption during the day rapidly increased plasma total catechin levels whereas they declined overnight when no tea was consumed. There was a gradual increase in plasma levels in the mornings (respectively, 0.08 microM vs. 0.20 microM on first and last day of black tea consumption) and evenings (respectively, 0.29 microM vs. 0.34 microM on first and last day of black tea consumption). Green tea catechins were mainly found in the protein-rich fraction of plasma (60%) and in high-density lipoproteins (23%). Although present in LDL, the concentration of catechins in LDL was not sufficient to enhance the resistance of LDL to oxidation ex vivo. Addition of milk to black tea did not affect any of the parameters measured. In conclusion, the present study shows that catechin levels in blood rapidly increase upon repeated tea consumption. The accumulation of catechins in LDL particles is not sufficient to improve the intrinsic resistance of LDL to oxidation ex vivo.     

Dietary gallate esters of tea catechins reduce deposition of visceral fat, hepatic triacylglycerol, and activities of hepatic enzymes related to fatty acid synthesis in rats

Tea catechins, rich in (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin gallate, or heat-treated tea catechins in which about 50% of the (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin gallate in tea catechins was epimerized to (-)-gallocatechin gallate and (-)-catechin gallate, were fed to rats at 1% level for 23 d. Visceral fat deposition and the concentration of hepatic triacylglycerol were significantly lower in the tea catechin and heat-treated tea catechin groups than in the control group. The activities of fatty acid synthase and the malic enzyme in the liver cytosol were significantly lower in the two catechin groups than in the control group. In contrast, the activities of carnitine palmitoyltransferase and acyl-CoA oxidase in the liver homogenate were not significantly different among the three groups. These results suggest that the reduction in activities of enzymes related to hepatic fatty acid synthesis by the feeding of tea catechins or heat-treated tea catechins can cause reductions of hepatic triacylglycerol and possibly of visceral fat deposition.