豇豆初生叶多胺氧化酶的分子特性

从6d苗龄的豇豆幼苗初生叶中提纯得到的多胺氧化酶是一种糖蛋白,其碳水化合物含量为8．17％,全酶分子量约为146kD,由分子量为70kD的两个相同亚基组成,每个亚基含1个Cu^2 。该酶的等电点为6．2,吸收光谱分别在波长278nm和500nm处有1吸收峰。8种蛋白质修饰剂修饰试验并配合底物保护证实酷氨酸,赖氨酸和色氨酸残基及－SH都不是该酶活性中心的必需基团,而组氨酸残基则是活性中心的必需基团,进一步分析部分失活的修饰酶动力学参数的变化得知,组氨酸残基可能处于酶分子的催化部位而非底物的结合部位。     

豇豆初生叶多胺氧化酶的分子特性（英文）

从6 d苗龄的豇豆幼苗初生叶中提纯得到的多胺氧化酶是一种糖蛋白,其碳水化合物含量为8.17%.全酶分子量约为146 kD,由分子量为70kD的两个相同亚基组成,每个亚基含1个Cu2+.该酶的等电点为6.2,吸收光谱分别在波长278 nm和500 nm处有1吸收峰.8种蛋白质修饰剂修饰试验并配合底物保护证实酪氨酸、赖氨酸和色氨酸残基及-SH都不是该酶活性中心的必需基团,而组氨酸残基则是活性中心的必需基团.进一步分析部分失活的修饰酶动力学参数的变化得知,组氨酸残基可能处于酶分子的催化部位而非底物的结合部位.     

豇豆叶片衰老过程中多胺氧化酶活性的变化（简报）

豇豆幼苗的连体和离体叶片衰老过程中多胺氧化酶（PAO）活性与叶绿素和蛋白质的含量都呈下降趋势,它们的降幅依次是：PAO活性大于叶绿素含量大于蛋白质含量;用氨基胍抑制离体叶圆片PAO活性,不能延缓叶绿素和蛋白质的含量下降。     

植物的多胺氧化酶

介绍了多胺氧化酶在植物中的分布及其反应特性、结构和成分、细胞和亚细胞定位、生理功能等方面的研究概况。     

盐胁迫下大麦幼苗多胺的种类和状态与多胺氧化酶活性的关系

200 mmol/L的NaCl胁迫8 d大麦幼苗叶片和根系中的三种形态多胺都有不同程度地下降,其中游离态多胺含量的下降幅度最大;高氯酸不溶性结合态多胺含量变化较小.根系中PAO的活性先上升后下降,而叶片中PAO的活性先下降后上升.游离态多胺中,亚精胺和精胺(Spd Spm)的含量变化与相应部位PAO的活性变化趋势相反,表明PAO在盐胁迫下可能调节了游离态多胺的含量从而影响高氯酸可溶结合态与高氯酸不溶结合态多胺的含量.     

钙对低氧胁迫下黄瓜幼苗体内多胺及多胺氧化酶的影响

以‘中农8号’黄瓜品种为实验材料,采用营养液栽培法研究了钙对根际低氧胁迫下黄瓜幼苗体内多胺(PAs)含量及多胺氧化酶(PAO)活性的影响。结果表明:(1)各处理黄瓜幼苗根系和叶片中的PAs含量以及3种形态的腐胺(Put)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)含量均表现为低氧高钙(8 mmol.L-1Ca2 )>低氧常钙(2 mmol.L-1Ca2 )>低氧缺钙(0 mmol.L-1Ca2 )>通气常钙(2 mmol.L-1Ca2 )处理,而PAO活性却表现出相反的趋势(通气常钙>低氧缺钙>低氧常钙>低氧高钙),且处理间大多存在显著差异(P<0.05);根系中的PAs含量明显高于叶片,而PAO活性明显低于叶片。(2)黄瓜幼苗体内3种形态的PAs以游离态含量最高,其次是结合态,最低为束缚态;游离态和结合态PAs在叶片中均以Spd为主,在根系中均以Put为主,束缚态PAs含量在根系和叶片中均为Spd>Put>Spm。研究表明,在低氧胁迫下,营养液加钙引起黄瓜幼苗体内多胺含量的上升和PAO活性下降,钙参与了黄瓜幼苗体内多胺的代谢过程,对缓解低氧胁迫有重要作用。     

聚乙二醇胁迫下的番茄幼苗内ABA、JA和多胺含量以及多胺氧化酶活性的变化

聚乙二醇模拟的干旱胁迫下,2个品种番茄幼苗根和叶中脱落酸(ABA)和茉莉酸(JA)含量均迅速积累,叶中ABA累积比根中滞后;游离态亚精胺(fSpd)、精胺(fspm)、腐胺(fPut)含量和多胺氧化酶(PAO)活性均先上升,12 h时达到峰值后下降,耐旱性强的品种'毛粉802'幼苗根和叶中积累ABA、JA和spd、Spm的能力明显强于耐旱性弱的品种'皇冠'.'皇冠'的PAO活性提高程度大于'毛粉802'.番茄根和叶中多胺含量和PAO活性呈显著正相关.内源多胺的积累诱导ABA和JA含量的升高,从而导致番茄幼苗的耐旱性增强.     

干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗根、叶多胺含量和多胺氧化酶活性的变化

 以抗旱性不同的两个小麦品种（‘晋麦33’和‘温麦8’）（Triticum aestivum cv. Jinmai 33 and Wenmai 8）为材料,研究了干旱胁迫下多胺含量和多胺氧化酶活性的变化。结果表明：旱过程中,幼苗根、叶中腐胺（Put）、亚精胺（Spd）、精胺（Spm）3种多胺含量和多胺氧化酶（PAO）活性先迅速升高,而后下降。与抗旱性弱的‘晋麦33’相比,抗旱性强的品种‘温麦8’幼苗根、叶中Spd、Spm 含量初期升高幅度大,之后下降速率减慢;PAO活性的变化与之相反,‘晋麦33’的PAO活性提高的幅度大于‘温麦8号’。多胺含量和PAO活性在小麦幼苗的根与叶之间呈极显著正相关。干旱初期,小麦根、叶中多胺迅速积累可能是干旱胁迫反应的一个信号,随后较高的Spd、Spm 水平有利于增强小麦幼苗的抗旱性。     

百合小鳞茎离体发生过程中内源多胺水平和多胺氧化酶活性的变化

以百合小鳞茎离体发生为实验系统,研究了鳞片(外植体)内多胺和多胺氧化酶活性的变化与小鳞茎发生之间的相关性。随着细胞脱分化、愈伤组织形成、小鳞茎发生等过程,内源腐胺、亚精胺和精胺的含量均失上升后下降,变化曲线为“钟形”,其含量达最高峰的时间为肉眼可见小鳞茎出现之前。多胺氧化酶活性在小鳞茎发生初期逐渐下降,6d后开始上升,并在小鳞茎突起时达最大值。由于内源多胺水平和多胺氧化酶活性的变化与小鳞茎发生有密切关系,可作为这一形态发生过程的生化指示。     

盐胁迫对不同耐盐性枣树品种根系和叶片中多胺含量及多胺氧化酶活性的影响

为探讨枣(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)树中多胺及多胺氧化酶活性与其耐盐性的关系,对耐盐性强的‘金丝小枣’和耐盐性弱的‘冬枣’2 年生苗中不同状态和种类的多胺和多胺氧化酶活性进行了研究.结果表明,在120 mmol L^-1 NaCl 盐胁迫下,枣树根系和叶片中的多胺含量升高,耐盐性强的品种的上升幅度显著大于耐盐性弱的品种;随着盐胁迫时间的延长,根系和叶片中多胺含量逐渐降低,耐盐性弱的品种的降低幅度显著大于耐盐性强的品种,叶中的多胺含量的降低幅度大于根中的,结合态多胺的降低幅度大于游离态多胺的、精胺和亚精胺的降低幅度大于腐胺的;两个品种根系和叶片中多胺氧化酶(PAO)活性均明显高于二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性,盐胁迫下耐盐性弱的品种酶活性增强幅度显著大于耐盐性强的品种.这些说明,枣树品种的耐盐性与其内源多胺的组成、含量有关,多胺氧化酶的种类与活性对盐胁迫的响应也密切相关,多胺积累有利于提高枣树品种的耐盐性.     

Involvement of Polyamine Oxidase in Abscisic Acidinduced Cytosolic Antioxidant Defense in Leaves of Maize

Using pharmacological and biochemical approaches, the role of maize polyamine oxidase （MPAO） in abscisic acid （ABA）- induced antioxidant defense in leaves of maize （Zea mays L.） plants was investigated. Exogenous ABA treatment enhanced the expression of the MPAO gene and the activities of apoplastic MPAO. Pretreatment with two different inhibitors for apoplastic MPAO partly reduced hydrogen peroxide （H202） accumulation induced by ABA and blocked the ABA-induced expression of the antioxidant genes superoxide dismutase 4 and cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase and the activities of the cytosolic antioxidant enzymes. Treatment with spermidine, the optimum substrate of MPAO, also induced the expression and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, and the upregulation of the antioxidant enzymes was prevented by two inhibitors of MPAO and two scavengers of H202. These results suggest that MPAO contributes to ABA-induced cytosolic antioxidant defense through H202, a Spd catabolic product.     

Polyamine oxidase from barley and oats

The pH optimum for the stability of the barley leaf polyamine oxidase is 4.8, which is also the pH optimum for its activity with spermine as substrate. Zonal centrifugation indicates that the enzyme is associated with a particle which is slightly more dense than chloroplasts, and the peak of activity corresponds with the peak of nucleic acid. Neither DNase nor RNase released the enzyme from the particles, despite the hydrolysis of more than 50% of the nucleic acid. The enzyme from the leaves of oat seedlings grown in the dark was purified 900-fold. Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ inhibited both barley and oat enzymes by ca 50% at 50 mM. The optimum pH for both spermine and spermidine oxidation by the oat enzyme was 6.5. The MW of the enzyme from both sources determined by gel chromatography was ca 85 000.     

Involvement of Polyamine Oxidase in Abscisic Acid induced Cytosolic Antioxidant Defense in Leaves of Maize

Using pharmacological and biochemical approaches, the role of maize polyamine oxidase (MPAO) in abscisic acid (ABA)induced antioxidant defense in leaves of maize (Zea mays L.) plants was investigated. Exogenous ABA treatment enhanced the expression of the MPAO gene and the activities of apoplastic MPAO. Pretreatment with two different inhibitors for apoplastic MPAO partly reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation induced by ABA and blocked the ABA-induced expression of the antioxidant genes superoxide dismutase 4 and cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase and the activities of the cytosolic antioxidant enzymes. Treatment with spermidine, the optimum substrate of MPAO, also induced the expression and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, and the upregulation of the antioxidant enzymes was prevented by two inhibitors of MPAO and two scavengers of H2O2. These results suggest that MPAO contributes to ABA-induced cytosolic antioxidant defense through H2O2, a Spd catabolic product.     

多胺生物合成抑制剂结合热处理后番茄冷害、多胺含量的变化及其相关性分析

以“佳粉15”和“粉红908”番茄为试材,分别采用热空气处理和多胺生物合成抑制剂(D-精氨酸和二环己胺)处理,然后于2℃(冷害温度)下贮藏。结果表明,热处理和2种多胺抑制剂处理都可以降低番茄的冷害指数和呼吸速率,抑制呼吸高峰的出现,并抑制多胺的合成。腐胺含量与冷害之间相关性分析的结果表明,多胺合成抑制剂结合热处理是通过改变果实腐胺的生物合成或分解代谢实现其减轻冷害作用的。     

Polyamine oxidase from Zea mays shoots

Polyamine oxidase of maize shoots purified 10-fold had a pH optimum of 6·3 with spermidine as substrate, and K_m of 6 × 10^?4 M. The enzyme was inhibited by the acridine compounds quinacrine, 6,9-diamino-2-ethoxyacridine and acriflavin, but carbonyl reagents, typical thiol inhibitors and copper-binding agents were without effect. Inhibition by quinacrine was reversed by FMN and FAD. Furthermore, about 50 % of the activity of the apoenzyme was restored by the addition of FAD, but not by FMN or riboflavin, indicating that the maize polyamine oxidase is an FAD-dependent flavoprotein.     

Polyamine Oxidase Activity in Sera of Depressed and Schizophrenic Patients after ECT Treatment

High level of polyamine oxidase activity is detected in sera of depressed as well as in schizophrenic patients. ECT treatment of depressed and schizophrenic patients reduced significantly the level of polyamine oxidase activity in their sera. After ECT treatment, clinically improved depressed and schizophrenic subjects were found to have sera polyamine oxidase activity not significantly differ from that of normal subjects. Possible biochemical mechanisms, which link polyamine oxidase activity, schizophrenia, depression and ECT effect are discussed here.