白龙江流域木本植物区系特征

白龙江流域位于黄土高原、青藏高原、秦巴山地等３个自然地理区域的交接地带,生长着相当丰富的木本植物种类,计有木本植物９０７种（含种下等级）,分别隶属于１０３科,２８１属。其中中国植物特有属２０属,白龙江土著特有种２５个。根据这些种的地理分布,提出白龙江流域木本植物区系的５个基本特征：１．种类丰富;２．起源古老;３．温带性质;４．南北交汇,东西兼容的过渡特征;５．特有植物繁多。     

江西木本植物区系成分及其特征的研究

江西位于我国中亚热带东部,地史悠久,自然地理条件优越,植物种类相当丰富。本文根据笔者历年的调查研究,在前人的基础上探讨了江西木本植物区系的起源和演化过程,该区系主要起源于中生代的古热带植物区系和泛北极植物区系。并对该区系各类地理成分进行了统计和分析,江西的野生木本植物计有102科430属约2000种(含种下单位),木本植物以热带亚洲、泛热带、东亚和北温带分布型成分为主体。将该区系的特征初步归结为如下几点:(1)地理成分复杂,区系联系广泛;(2)区系起源古老,子遗树种众多;(3)热带成分占优势,特有现象较显著;(4)南北区系交汇过渡,具明显的中亚热带华东区系特点;(5)珍稀濒危树种繁多,森林区系急待保护。     

浙江武义木本植物区系的研究

武义位于浙江中西部,共有木本植物９２科２６８属６８０种,本文对该区木本植物的科、属、种进行了详细的分析统计,将该区木本植物区系的基本特点归纳如下,１）植物种类丰富;２）古老和孑遗植物,珍稀植物,单型属和少型属较多;３）各类地理成分复杂,与世界各地联系广泛,以温带成分为主;４）区系过渡性明显。     

浙江丽水木本植物区系的研究

丽水市位于浙江西南部,是浙江木本植物最丰富的地区之一,共有木本植物95科338属1128种。通过对科、属、种的统计分析,该地区木本植物区系基本特征为：（1）植物种类丰富;（2）起源古老、单型属和寡种属较多;（3）各类地理成分复杂,与世界各地有着不同程度的联系,以温带成分为主;（4）区系过渡性明显。     

子午岭种子植物区系分析

子午岭林区计有种子植物94科361属689种。其中裸子植物3科8属10种1变种;被子植物91科353属678种。中国特有属8个,特有种271个,子午岭特有种1个。其种子植物区系的基本特征是：植物种类相对丰富;区系成分复杂,多种成分交汇;区系组成以华北成分为主体,以温带成分占优势;南北区系成分存在差异,垂直分布带谱不明显;在中国植物区系上隶属于泛北极植物区中国-日本森林植物亚区的华北地区黄土高原植物亚地区。     

丽水大山峰木本植物区系研究

丽水市大山峰位于浙南山区,是浙江省木本植物区系最丰富地区之一,共有木本植物84科237属543种,而且古老孑遗植物和珍稀濒危植物较多,地理成分复杂多样,可划分为14个分布区类型,区系具有明显的热带-温带过渡性;木本植物区系中,中国特有种占绝对优势,共有338种,占总种数的62.2%,是构成大山峰森林植被的建群种和优势种的主要成分.与邻近山地植物区系比较发现,大山峰木本植物区系与浙江白云山关系最密切.     

西北地区木本植物区系多样性研究

西北地区在中国植物区系上属于泛北极植物区,其南部基本上控制在中国-日本植物亚区的华中地区内,区系成分以北亚热带成分占优势,中、东部主要控制在中国-日本植物亚区内的华北地区中的黄土高原地区内,以华北区系成分占优势,西南部主要属青藏高原植物亚区和中国-喜马拉雅植物亚区,区系成分以唐古特和横断山区系成分占优势,北部主要是亚洲荒漠植物亚区,区系成分是以古地中海成分占优势。本区有木本植物(不包括栽培植物)103科338属1729种(含种下等级),其中裸子植物6科17属57种,被子植物97科321属1672种,另外,具有中国特有属26个,土著特有种173个(含种下等级)。大科、大属在区系组成中起着非常重要的作用,该区木本植物区系包含有15个分布区类型及其17个变型,其中北温带分布、泛热带分布、东亚至北美间断分布、东亚分布等成分占有重要地位。其木本植物区系的主要特征为:种类比较丰富;分布不均,区域差异大;地理成分复杂,具有明显的温带性质;起源古老;土著特有种较多;区系联系广泛,多种区系成分的汇集、混杂和过渡。     

安徽大别山马鬃岭自然保护区木本植物区系的研究

马鬃岭自然保护区是大别山木本植物区系最丰富的地区之一,共有木本植物７７科,１９４属,５２４种,我们对该区木本植物的科,属,种进行了详细的统计分析,认为该区木本植物区系中古老孑遗植物和稀濒危植物较多,温带和亚热带成分占优势,与世界各地有广泛的联系,是华东,华中、华北等植物的交汇地及我国南北植物区系的过渡地带之一,在植物区系的分区上,将该区归入华东区。     

陕西天华山自然保护区苔藓植物区系研究

根据调查和参考有关文献,对陕西天华山自然保护区苔藓植物区系进行了初步分析,结果表明：种类丰富,本区共有苔藓植物46科95属180种（包括种下类群）。其中苔类植物14科18属37种。藓类植物32科77属143种;优势科为青藓科、提灯藓科、丛藓科、羽藓科、真藓科、绢藓科和灰藓科,优势属为提灯藓属、真藓属、青藓属、光萼苔属、绢藓属、灰藓属、凤尾藓属、丛本藓属、缩叶藓属、羽藓属和仙鹤藓属;地理成分复杂、多样。区系联系广泛;种的地理成分统计分析表明。温带成分占绝对优势。热带成分也占有一定比例,反映了本区苔藓植物区系的热带亲缘性;东亚成分也占有重要地位,有42种,其中中国-日本分布有15种;中国特有种有16种,中国特有分布中以西南区系成分为主。本区苔藓植物区系隶属于华中地区,但兼有多种成分。体现本区苔藓植物区系的南北过渡特征。     

青海湟水流域植物区系研究

湟水流域位于青海省的东部,约处于北纬35°56′～37°38′,东经100°35′～103°05′。属于青藏高原和黄土高原的过渡地带,海拔1650～4395m,全区面积约16600km~2,属于大陆性气候和高原大陆性气候类型。本区共有野生种子植物83科、400属、1234种。分别占本区所属的青藏高原植物亚区唐古特地区总科数的92.22％、总属数的78.74％、总种数的54.00％。研究表明,湟水流域植物区系特征为:①在唐古特地区中种类相对较丰富;②温带成分占92.80％,以绝对优势确定了本区系为明显的温带性质(属于以北温带成分,特别是欧亚大陆温、寒地带典型成分为优势的,兼具温性、寒温和高寒类型的温带区系性质,或可称为在温带区系中的过渡区系所具有的“复合型”区系特征);③木本类型少,大多数种类为多年生草本植物,缺乏古老和原始类群,一些中国特有种衍生于其广布的亲缘种中,表明本区系具有年轻和衍生的性质;④我国西南高山区系和华北区系对该区系具有双重影响;⑤为青藏高原植物亚区唐古特植物地区同华北植物地区相互过渡的代表区系之一;⑥特有属和特有种少。在中国种子植物区系分区中,本区属于青藏高原植物亚区中的唐古特地区。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细