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1.
构象疾病是由非天然构象蛋白异常聚集引起的具有一系列症状的疾病。既往研究认为糖尿病是一组以血葡萄糖水平增高为特征的代谢性疾病群,而最近Hayden MR等在2005年JOP.J Pancreas杂志上发表综述,根据部分β细胞蛋白、胰岛淀粉样多肽在经过三级结构的改变后,发生自联(即错误折叠)和组织沉淀(即异常聚集)等现象(self—association and tissue deposition),他们提出了2型糖尿病亦属于一种构象疾病的观点。2型糖尿病与多种代谢紊乱有关,并可以导致过量活性氧的产生和氧化应激反应。 相似文献
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【目的】对我国高致病性2型猪链球菌05Z33基因组的89K毒力岛序列进行生物信息学分析,发现存在一对与化脓链球菌Epsilon-zeta(ε-ζ)同源的Ⅱ型毒素-抗毒素系统(Toxin-antitoxin system,TA)——SezAT,推测该系统具有稳定89K毒力岛使其不易丢失的作用。验证SezAT为有活性的TA系统。【方法】对SezAT进行了生物信息学分析;RT-PCR验证SezAT共转录特性;在大肠杆菌中选择性地诱导表达毒素蛋白SezT和抗毒素蛋白SezA;最后通过同源重组技术敲除SezAT系统。【结果】sezAT由同一操纵子控制,SezT可抑制细菌生长,SezA可中和SezT的毒性作用,同源重组成功获得sezT敲除突变株。【结论】证实SezAT为一对有活性的毒素-抗毒素(TA)系统,为进一步研究SezAT可能发挥稳定89K毒力岛的功能,同时获得89K毒力岛缺失突变株并深入认识89K在我国高致病性SS2中的作用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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表达的白细胞介素-2-绿脓杆菌外毒素(IL-2-PE)融合蛋白以包含体形式存在于宿主菌中,为分离纯化表达产物提供了方便,但因需进行复性,也增加了后处理的难度.我们采用4mol/L尿素、0.5%TritonX-100的1×PBS洗涤包含体两遍,再经SephacrylS-300分子筛及DEAE-SepharoseFF阴离子交换柱层析后,获得的融合蛋白纯度可达90%~95%。此外,我们从GSSG浓度、L-精氨酸浓度、复性蛋白质的起始浓度、复性液的pH值、复性温度及复性时间等参数入手,系统地研究了融合蛋白的复性条件,探索到了IL-2-ME40和IL-2-PE664Glu融合蛋白复性的最适条件。 相似文献
4.
方便且精准地检测跨膜蛋白拓扑结构,尤其是跨膜片段的氨基(N-)和羧基(C-)端的朝向,有利于发现新的蛋白质与蛋白质之间的相互作用,并进一步揭示蛋白质重要的生物学功能.自组装荧光蛋白已被广泛用于观察蛋白质与蛋白质之间的相互作用、标记细胞内源蛋白质并实现mRNA定位的可视化.本文扩展了自组装荧光蛋白的应用,将自组装荧光蛋白mNeonGreen2与定点标记技术相结合,以确定跨膜蛋白的拓扑结构.通过该方法,第一次清楚地证明了EI24的N端和C端均朝向细胞质方向.此外,该方法可用于确定定位于其他细胞器且结构尚未解析的跨膜蛋白的拓扑结构. 相似文献
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利用免疫蛋白组学方法,鉴定出链球菌2型(Streptococcus suis type2,SS2)江苏分离株HA9801具有免疫反应性的蛋白HM3。应用同源性比对、信号肽预测、跨膜区预测及亚定位预测等生物信息学方法对该蛋白进行分析,结果显示:同源性最高的蛋白为屎肠球菌胞外溶解物结合蛋白(41%);蛋白序列中含有信号肽结构;7-24位氨基酸为该蛋白的跨膜区;预测蛋白定位为除胞质外的未定位置。PCR扩增出该蛋白的一段基因定向克隆到表达载体pET-32a( )中并转化入BL21(DE3)宿主菌。重组菌经IPTG诱导后的SDS-PAGE图谱在46kDa处出现融合蛋白的条带。Westernblot表明,此融合蛋白可被SPF微型猪抗SS2血清所识别,提示该蛋白可作为该菌的亚单位疫苗的候选物。 相似文献
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【背景】禽致病性大肠杆菌(avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC)是禽类主要病原菌之一,大肠杆菌三型分泌系统2 (Escherichia coli type III secretion system 2,ETT2)可通过转录调节子调控其致病性,但在APEC中转录调节子EtrA对其致病性的影响目前尚不清楚。【目的】研究ETT2中转录调节子EtrA对APEC致病性的影响。【方法】利用Red同源重组技术构建ETT2-etrA基因缺失株及回复株。比较生长性能、生物被膜形成、运动性及对血清敏感性的差异,基于RNA-Seq测序及Real-timePCR技术比较野生株和缺失株中与生物被膜形成、运动性以及毒力因子相关基因的转录水平。【结果】与野生株相比,缺失株及回复株生长特性无显著变化(P0.05),但APEC40-ΔetrA生物被膜形成能力和对血清敏感性明显增强(P0.001),运动性较野生株明显下降(P0.01),回复株的表型有所回复。转录组学筛选出7个毒力差异基因,生物被膜形成相关基因显著上调,参与影响细菌运动性的基因显著下调。qRT-PCR验证与转录组学结果一致。【结论】etrA缺失可以显著影响APEC的生物被膜形成、运动性及对血清的敏感性,这可为进一步探讨ETT2对APEC的致病作用提供参考。 相似文献
7.
葡萄糖是机体的主要能量来源,而葡萄糖转运体(glucose transporter, GLUT)是介导葡萄糖进入细胞内的一类跨膜蛋白家族,目前已发现并鉴定了14种不同的GLUT,它们在不同组织细胞中具有不同的表达水平和功能,并参与调控组织细胞摄取葡萄糖的过程。越来越多的研究发现,GLUT的表达水平下降和功能丧失可降低组织细胞对血液葡萄糖的摄取和利用,导致血糖升高和胰岛素抵抗,形成2型糖尿病。本文主要围绕1类葡萄糖转运体GLUT1–4蛋白的结构、结构与功能关系及其与2型糖尿病的关系进行综述,旨在为2型糖尿病临床治疗方案的探索提供新的方向。 相似文献
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α1-抗胰蛋白酶(α1AT)是一种由肝脏合成并分泌至外周血循环系统的多功能糖蛋白,其主要功能是中和肺部组织蛋白酶从而保障肺部不受自体蛋白酶的攻击而引发病变;此外在保持免疫平衡、控制炎症反应、抵御抗原侵袭等方面α1AT也发挥重要作用。近年来的研究发现α1AT具有良好的抗病毒功能,在抵抗包括HIV、SARS等在内的高致病病毒时, α1AT作为机体自身的天然防御分子发挥了很好的屏障作用。最新的研究显示, α1AT通过抑制受体细胞表面跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2的活性来降低SARS-CoV-2病毒颗粒与宿主细胞的结合作用,从而抑制SARS-CoV-2对细胞的侵袭。因此, α1AT作为极具潜力的天然蛋白质药物被用于应对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的临床研究和治疗当中。该文从介绍α1AT天然生理学功能入手,展开介绍其抗病毒功能,着重归纳其在抵抗SARS-CoV-2细胞侵袭方面的机理研究进展。 相似文献
10.
抗增殖蛋白2 (prohibitin2, PHB2)是抗增殖蛋白(prohibitin, PHB)家族中的重要成员,是主要定位于线粒体内膜的多功能蛋白质,对维持线粒体形态和功能的稳定具有重要作用,同时也是细胞内稳态和细胞分化的重要调节因子。随着对PHB2的深入研究,已发现PHB2是一种线粒体和细胞核之间重要的媒介。PHB2是细胞中必不可少的,它直接参与多种细胞进程并发挥重要作用,如调节转录因子的转录活性、调节细胞的分化与凋亡、维持线粒体形态和功能的稳定、调节姐妹染色单体的结合、神经细胞的修复和再生、轴突的发育形成和增强细胞氧化应激耐受性。近年来,PHB2在病理生理学中的作用及其在疾病治疗中的药靶地位受到高度重视。本文对PHB2研究的最新进展进行综述。 相似文献
11.
目的利用Red重组系统敲除鲍曼不动杆菌ATCC 17978的asaA。方法设计上下游引物中包含asaA的同源序列,并以pKD4质粒为模板,扩增含有卡那霉素抗性基因的DNA片段。将该片段转化于表达重组酶的17978感受态细胞中,在卡那霉素筛选压力下,得到经两次同源双交换的具有卡那霉素基因标记的突变菌株。随后,在重组酶的作用下将抗性基因去除,最终得到无抗性基因标记的突变菌株ΔasaA。结果通过该重组系统,首先将卡那霉素抗性基因的DNA片段替换了基因组中asaA的DNA片段,然后将卡那霉素抗性基因的DNA片段消除,最终获得了asaA缺失的突变体。结论通过Red重组系统为鲍曼不动杆菌中其他基因的缺失突变提供方法与思路。 相似文献
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The Structure of a Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) Ruler Protein Suggests a Molecular Mechanism for Needle Length Sensing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Julien R. C. Bergeron Lucia Fernández Gregory A. Wasney Marija Vuckovic Fany Reffuveille Robert E. W. Hancock Natalie C. J. Strynadka 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2016,291(4):1676-1691
The type 3 secretion system (T3SS) and the bacterial flagellum are related pathogenicity-associated appendages found at the surface of many disease-causing bacteria. These appendages consist of long tubular structures that protrude away from the bacterial surface to interact with the host cell and/or promote motility. A proposed “ruler” protein tightly regulates the length of both the T3SS and the flagellum, but the molecular basis for this length control has remained poorly characterized and controversial. Using the Pseudomonas aeruginosa T3SS as a model system, we report the first structure of a T3SS ruler protein, revealing a “ball-and-chain” architecture, with a globular C-terminal domain (the ball) preceded by a long intrinsically disordered N-terminal polypeptide chain. The dimensions and stability of the globular domain do not support its potential passage through the inner lumen of the T3SS needle. We further demonstrate that a conserved motif at the N terminus of the ruler protein interacts with the T3SS autoprotease in the cytosolic side. Collectively, these data suggest a potential mechanism for needle length sensing by ruler proteins, whereby upon T3SS needle assembly, the ruler protein''s N-terminal end is anchored on the cytosolic side, with the globular domain located on the extracellular end of the growing needle. Sequence analysis of T3SS and flagellar ruler proteins shows that this mechanism is probably conserved across systems. 相似文献
14.
Craig S. Robb Mark Assmus Francis E. Nano Alisdair B. Boraston 《Acta Crystallographica. Section F, Structural Biology Communications》2013,69(6):607-610
The type VI secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been shown to be responsible for the translocation of bacteriolytic effectors into competing bacteria. A mechanistic understanding of this widely distributed secretion system is developing and structural studies of its components are ongoing. Two representative structures of one highly conserved component, TssJ, from Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens have been published. Here, the X‐ray crystal structure of TssJ1 from P. aeruginosa is presented at 1.4 Å resolution. The overall structure is conserved among the three proteins. This finding suggests that the homologues function in a similar manner and bolsters the understanding of the structure of this family of proteins. 相似文献
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型分泌系统(typeⅥsecretion system,T6SS)是一种强大的细菌分子武器,它通过将效应蛋白注入原核或真核细胞而介导细菌间竞争并影响宿主的生命活动。T6SS广泛分布于革兰氏阴性菌中,主要存在于变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。尽管T6SS的研究大多集中在动物相关细菌上,但它在植物相关细菌中的作用不能被忽视。本文对植物相关细菌的T6SS进行了较为详细的介绍,主要从T6SS的发现、T6SS在植物相关细菌间竞争中的作用、在细菌与植物互作中的作用以及在植物生物防治中的作用等4个方面综述了最新的研究成果,旨在为今后更好地研究植物相关细菌T6SS的生物学功能及其应用提供指导。 相似文献
16.
【背景】肽聚糖(Peptidoglycan,PG)是细菌细胞壁的重要组成部分,而霍乱弧菌Ⅵ型分泌系统(Type Ⅵ Secretion System,T6SS)可以分泌具有肽聚糖水解酶活性的效应蛋白到受体细菌中杀死细胞,这类水解酶的作用机制尚未研究清楚。【目的】通过对细菌细胞壁的PG成分进行研究,建立细胞壁PG成分分析方法,并对霍乱弧菌T6SS分泌的2个破坏细胞壁的效应蛋白TseH和VgrG3的作用机制进行解析。【方法】使用显微镜观察TseH和VgrG3异位表达对宿主细菌生长的影响;纯化大肠杆菌细胞壁,使用透射电子显微镜(Transmission Electron Microscope,TEM)观察提纯的细胞壁形态;使用纯化的TseH和VgrG3分解消化PG,利用超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱(Ultra-Performance LiquidChromatography-Time-of-FlightMassSpectrometry,UPLC-TOFMS)分析鉴定消化后的产物成分;通过分析结果推导结构。【结果】通过透射电子显微镜观察,发现提纯的PG呈现半透明的薄膜泡状;通过UPLC-TOFMS的分析以及逆向推导,得到了提纯的PG被VgrG3水解酶降解之后的3种主要产物,分别是二糖二肽(Disaccharide,Di)、二糖三肽(Disaccharide Tripeptide,Tri)和二糖四肽(Disaccharide Tetrapeptide,Tetra)。【结论】建立了提纯PG和UPLC-TOFMS分析PG成分的方法,揭示了效应蛋白VgrG3而非TseH可以降解PG多糖链N-乙酰葡糖胺和N-乙酰胞壁酸之间的β(1-4)糖苷键的功能。由于攻击细胞壁的效应蛋白在革兰氏阴性细菌中广泛存在,本研究不仅为鉴定这类重要效应蛋白的功能提供了有效的方法,而且对研究靶向细胞壁的新型抗生素也有重要的指导作用。 相似文献
17.
The type 2 secretion system (T2SS) occurring in Gram-negative bacteria is composed of 12-15 different proteins which form large assemblies spanning two membranes and secreting several virulence factors in folded state across the outer membrane. The T2SS component EpsC of Vibrio cholerae plays an important role in this machinery. While anchored in the inner membrane, by far the largest part of EpsC is periplasmic, containing a so-called homology region (HR) domain and a PDZ domain. Here we report studies on the structure and function of both periplasmic domains of EpsC. The crystal structures of two variants of the PDZ domain of EpsC from V. cholerae were determined at better than 2 A resolution. Compared to the short variant, the longer variant contains an additional N-terminal helix, and reveals a significant difference in the position of helix alphaB with respect to the beta-sheet. Both our structures show that the PDZ domain of EpsC adopts a more open form than in previously reported structures of other PDZ domains. Most interestingly, in the crystals of the short EpsC-PDZ domain the peptide binding groove interacts with an alpha-helix from a neighboring subunit burying approximately 921 A2 solvent accessible surface. This makes it possible that the PDZ domain of this bacterial protein binds proteins in a manner which is altogether different from that seen in any other PDZ domain so far. We also determined that the HR domain of EpsC is primarily responsible for the interaction with the secretin EpsD, while the PDZ is not, or much less, so. This new finding, together with studies of others, leads to the suggestion that the PDZ domain of EpsC may interact with exoproteins to be secreted while the HR domain plays a key role in linking the inner-membrane sub-complex of the T2SS in V. cholerae to the outer membrane secretin. 相似文献
18.
Haiying Wen Zhi Geng Zengqiang Gao Zhun She Yuhui Dong 《Acta Crystallographica. Section F, Structural Biology Communications》2020,76(5):222-227
The bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) secretes many toxic effectors to gain advantage in interbacterial competition and for eukaryotic host infection. The cognate immunity proteins of these effectors protect bacteria from their own effectors. PldB is a T6SS trans‐kingdom effector in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that can infect both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Three proteins, PA5086, PA5087 and PA5088, are employed to suppress the toxicity of PldB‐family proteins. The structures of PA5087 and PA5088 have previously been reported, but the identification of further distinctions between these immunity proteins is needed. Here, the crystal structure of PA5086 is reported at 1.90 Å resolution. A structural comparison of the three PldB immunity proteins showed vast divergences in their electrostatic potential surfaces. This interesting phenomenon provides an explanation of the stockpiling mechanism of T6SS immunity proteins. 相似文献
19.
Sara Planamente Osman Salih Eleni Manoli David Albesa‐Jové Paul S Freemont Alain Filloux 《The EMBO journal》2016,35(15):1613-1627
The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a supra‐molecular bacterial complex that resembles phage tails. It is a killing machine which fires toxins into target cells upon contraction of its TssBC sheath. Here, we show that TssA1 is a T6SS component forming dodecameric ring structures whose dimensions match those of the TssBC sheath and which can accommodate the inner Hcp tube. The TssA1 ring complex binds the T6SS sheath and impacts its behaviour in vivo. In the phage, the first disc of the gp18 sheath sits on a baseplate wherein gp6 is a dodecameric ring. We found remarkable sequence and structural similarities between TssA1 and gp6 C‐termini, and propose that TssA1 could be a baseplate component of the T6SS. Furthermore, we identified similarities between TssK1 and gp8, the former interacting with TssA1 while the latter is found in the outer radius of the gp6 ring. These observations, combined with similarities between TssF and gp6N‐terminus or TssG and gp53, lead us to propose a comparative model between the phage baseplate and the T6SS. 相似文献
20.
Ⅲ型分泌系统(type Ⅲ secretion system, TTSS)是铜绿假单胞菌的重要致病因子.分析临床菌株中TTSS的表达水平,对于研究铜绿假单胞菌的致病机制具有重要意义.本研究通过测定融合报告基因exsA-lacZ和exoT-lacZ编码的β-半乳糖苷酶活力,分析了150株铜绿假单胞菌临床菌株exsA和exoT基因的表达水平,发现71株(47.33%)细菌exsA基因的表达为阳性,65株(43.33%)细菌exoT基因的表达为阳性,基因exsA与exoT表达水平存在正相关(P <0.001),且不同菌株间两者表达水平差异较大.采用统计学方法对实验结果进一步分析发现,TTSS表达与呼吸道感染等临床症状相关(P <0.05);与标本的分离时间相关(P =0.029);与菌株亚胺青霉烯耐药性存在负相关(P <0.05).本研究结果显示,铜绿假单胞菌临床菌株TTSS表达水平差异较大,与多种因素存在相关性. 相似文献