The forward elastic‐light‐scattering pattern of a bacterial colony reflects its morphological characteristics. Three bacteria genera whose colonies having convex, crateriform, or irregular elevation were investigated to study the correlation between the morphology and the scattering pattern of the colony. The difference in the colony elevation produced distinct shapes of light diffraction in the scattering pattern, resulting circular diffraction rings or scattered light. Further details can be found in the article by Iyll‐Joon Doh, Jennifer Sturgis, Diana V. Sarria Zuniga, et al. ( e201900149 ).
The nuclei of epithelial cells in stratified squamous epithelia have been reported to be either low scattering or high scattering. Using micro‐optical coherence tomography, we demonstrate that the nuclei are ‘low scattering’ in the core; those previously reported ‘high‐scattering’ signals are likely from the nucleocytoplasmic boundary. Further details can be found in the article by Si Chen, Xinyu Liu, Nanshuo Wang, et al. ( e201900073 ).
A new quantitative phase imaging (QPI) modality, coined multi‐ATOM, can now capture and process enormous amount of quantitative phase single‐cell images (>700,000 cells) at a ultrahigh throughput without compromising sub‐cellular resolution. It could empower label‐free single‐cell analysis where large‐scale and cost‐effective screening is necessary. Further details can be found in the article by Kelvin C. M. Lee, Andy K. S. Lau, Anson H. L. Tang, et al. ( e201800479 ).
To optimize the resection of gliomas during neurosurgery we present an imaging system capable of wide field fluorescence lifetime mapping with 11 mm field of view and 250 mm working distance. Based on a time of flight dual‐tap CMOS camera and a modulated laser at 405 nm we show unobserved quenching effects in tissue phantoms and demonstrate life‐time imaging on 5‐ALA labeled human ex vivo brain tumor samples. Further details can be found in the article by Mikael T. Erkkilä, Bianca Bauer, Nancy Hecker‐Denschlag, et al. ( e201800378 ).
Monitoring the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability plays a key role in assessing drug release with high resolution. In this work, with the help of optical clearing skull window, we not only realized non‐invasive BBB opening by photodynamic therapy, but also developed a method based on spectral‐imaging to in vivo dynamically monitor the changes in BBB permeability. Further details can be found in the article by Wei Feng, Chao Zhang, Tingting Yu, et al. ( e201800330 ).
The tremendous enhancement factors possessed by surfaceenhanced Raman scattering (SERS), coupled with the flexibility of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs), pave the way to a new generation of ultrasensitive biosensors. This review article aims to provide the latest advancement in SERS‐based PCF sensors for various biochemical applications. Such a sensitive biosensor could be translated for the detection of biomarkers in body fluids for early diagnosis of diseases. Further details can be found in the article by U. S Dinish, Flavien Beffara, Georges Humbert, Jean‐Louis Auguste, and Malini Olivo ( e201900027 ).
A novel design of an SRS microscope exploiting spectral pulse shaping allows measurement of fingerprint to CH‐stretch SRS spectra without any modification of the optical setup. High spectral resolution over a broad vibrational range allows label‐free quantitative imaging of biological samples. An exemplary SRS broadband spectrum of lipid droplets in a liver cancer cell is shown in the picture. Further details can be found in the article by Sergey P. Laptenok, Vijayakumar P. Rajamanickam, Luca Genchi, et al. ( e201900028 ).
A wearable device based on fiber optic biosensor for high‐precision radial pulse wave monitoring and diagnosis is proposed and demonstrated in this article. Owing to the high sensitivity of the tiny fiber tip with aluminum diaphragm assembled in the sportswristband, weak acoustic signal induced by arterial pulse can be high‐fidelity recovered and then quantitatively analyzed for clinical diagnosis, which is promising in early cardiovascular diseases indicating. Further details can be found in the article by Jingyi Wang, Kewei Liu, Qizhen Sun, et al. ( e201900084 ).
Raster Scanning Optoacoustic Mesoscopy (RSOM) is a novel optoacoustic imaging modality that offers non‐invasive, label‐free, high resolution (~7 µm axial, ~30 µm lateral) imaging up to 1–2 mm below the skin. This paper aims to provide quantitative estimation of specific imaging metrics, like total blood volume, vessel diameter, and melanin signal intensity for in vivo skin imaging of human subjects with Fitzpatrick (FP) skin types between II to V. Further details can be found in the article by Xiuting Li, Dinish U. S., Juan Aguirre, et al. ( e201800442 ).
Label‐free optical projection tomography technique makes it possible for quantitative whole mouse embryo imaging without any exogenous contrast agent. Further details can be found in the article by Sungbea Ban, Nam Hyun Cho, Eunjung Min, et al. ( e201800481 ).
Optical tissue clearing is a method allowing post‐mortem deep imaging of organs in three dimensions. By optimizing the CUBIC clearing protocol, the authors provide rapid and simple approach to clear the entire adult rat organism within as little as four days, which is accompanied by the variety of its staining and imaging techniques. The image was captured with polarizers and demonstrates transparent rodent heart with thread‐like crystals of clearing reagent. Further details can be found in the article by Pawe? Matryba et al. ( e201700248 ).
Sub‐picosecond light pulses are used to launch high‐frequency ultrasound in cells. The dual detection of acoustic echoes and of the time‐domain Brillouin scattering allows mapping remotely and in a single run experiment the cell adhesion, thickness, storage modulus and mass density, all with micron resolution. The dual picosecond opto‐acoustic microscope is demonstrated with the multiple imaging of a mitotic macrophage‐like cell. This novel modality is compatible with simultaneous fluorescence imaging. Further details can be found in the article by Liwang Liu, Laurent Plawinski, Marie‐Christine Durrieu, Bertrand Audoin ( e201900045 ).
The estimated life span of Halimeda from a new recruit to a fertile plant. See Mayakun and Prathep in this issue. Cover picture from: Article link here
An ultrafast time‐stretch imaging technique for edge detection is demonstrated. The edge detection based on the optical directional derivative is realized by using differential detection. Since the edge detection is implemented in the physical layer, the computation complexity in the back‐end digital signal processing is very low. The blood red cells and cancer cells can be easily identified by distinguishing the edges. Further details can be found in the article by Bo Dai, LuHe, Lulu Zheng, Yongfeng Fu et al. ( e201800044 ).
Nuclear pore complex imaged at three different resolutions by confocal, expansion, and Ex‐STED microscopy, respectively. NUP become a ruler to measure the expansion process. Further details can be found in the article by Luca Pesce, Marco Cozzolino, Luca Lanzanò, Alberto Diaspro, and Paolo Bianchini ( e201900018 ).
Infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy is an emerging label‐free method for analyzing the degree of damage in cartilage samples. In the present study, sheep menisci have been characterized after meniscectomy via the variances of relevant biomolecules at the incision surface. Further details can be found in the article by Angela I. López‐Lorente et al. ( e201800429 ).
This schematic depicts the classification of multiphoton images with different degrees of HCC differentiation using the VGG‐16 neural network. The convolution layer is further trained based on the original weights. The weights of the fully connected layers are initialized as a random number and the training is restarted to improve its classification accuracy. Further details can be found in the article by Hongxin Lin, Chao Wei, Guangxing Wang, et al. ( e201800435 ).
Intraoperative margin assessment is clinically important, especially for tissue conserving surgery like Mohs micrographic surgery in which minimization of the surgical area is crucial. Instead of the complex frozen pathology protocol, slide‐free histopathological imaging of hematoxylin‐eosin stained whole‐mount skin tissues is demonstrated by using nonlinear microscopy, thus facilitating rapid intraoperative assessment of surgical tissues for future applications. Further details can be found in the article by Chi‐Kuang Sun, Chien‐Ting Kao, Ming‐Liang Wei, et al. ( e201800341 ).
Spectra from microscopic tissue sections are strongly distorted by Mie‐type scattering and require correction by the ME‐EMSC algorithm. In the upper right, Mie extinction curves, which are simulated by the ME‐EMSC algorithm, are shown. Two measured spectra are shown in the foreground, a raw spectrum which contains Mie scattering, and the spectrum corrected by the ME‐EMSC algorithm. The cover figure was designed by Dr. Boris Zimmermann. Further details can be found in the article by Johanne H. Solheim, Evgeniy Gunko, Dennis Petersen, et al. ( e201800415 ).
There is a clinical need in the treatment of atrial fibrillation by radiofrequency ablation to provide lesion set validation. The integration of optical fibers into radiofrequency ablation catheters can address this issue. Thermally‐induced, dynamic changes in tissue diffuse reflectance are measured through transcatheter near‐infrared spectroscopy. A regression model based on spectral features is proposed and utilized to validate the presence of thermal injury, measure lesion depth, and assess gaps. Further details can be found in the article by Rajinder P. Singh‐Moon, Xinwen Yao, Vivek Iyer, et al. ( e201800144 ).
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