共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Luciana Delgado-Benarroch Barry Causier Julia Weiss Marcos Egea-Cortines 《Planta》2009,229(6):1219-1229
Control of organ size is the product of coordinated cell division and expansion. In plants where one of these pathways is
perturbed, organ size is often unaffected as compensation mechanisms are brought into play. The number of founder cells in
organ primordia, dividing cells, and the period of cell proliferation determine cell number in lateral organs. We have identified
the Antirrhinum FORMOSA (FO) gene as a specific regulator of floral size. Analysis of cell size and number in the fo mutant, which has increased flower size, indicates that FO is an organ-specific inhibitor of cell division and activator of cell expansion. Increased cell number in fo floral organs correlated with upregulation of genes involved in the cell cycle. In Arabidopsis the AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) gene promotes cell division. In the fo mutant increased cell number also correlates with upregulation of an Antirrhinum ANT-like gene (Am-ANT) in inflorescences that is very closely related to ANT and shares a similar expression pattern, suggesting that they may be functional equivalents. Increased cell proliferation
is thought to be compensated for by reduced cell expansion to maintain organ size. In Arabidopsis petal cell expansion is inhibited by the BIGPETAL (BPE) gene, and in the fo mutant reduced cell size corresponded to upregulation of an Antirrhinum BPE-like gene (Am-BPE). Our data suggest that FO inhibits cell proliferation by negatively regulating Am-ANT, and acts upstream of Am-BPE to coordinate floral organ size. This demonstrates that organ size is modulated by the organ-specific control of both general
and local gene networks.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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To ensure that the initiation of flowering occurs at the correct time of year, plants need to integrate a diverse range of
external and internal signals. In Arabidopsis, the photoperiodic flowering pathway is controlled by a set of regulators that include CONSTANS (CO). In addition, Arabidopsis plants also have a family of genes with homologies to CO known as CO-LIKE (COL) about which relatively little is known. In this paper, we describe the regulation and interactions of a novel member of
the family, COL5. The expression of COL5 is under circadian and diurnal regulation, but COL5 itself does not appear to affect circadian rhythms. COL5, like CO, is regulated by GIGANTEA. Furthermore, COL5 is expressed in the vascular tissue. Using COL5 over-expressing lines we show that, under short days, constitutive expression of COL5 affects flowering time and the expression of the floral integrator genes, FLOWERING LOCUS T and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1. Constitutive expression of COL5 partially suppresses the late flowering phenotype of the co-mutant plants. However, plants with loss of COL5 function do not show altered flowering. Taken together, our results suggest that COL5 has COL activity, but may either not
have a role in regulating flowering in wild-type plants or may act redundantly with other flowering regulators.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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In Arabidopsis, NPR1 (non-expressor of pathogenesis related genes 1, AtNPR1) functions downstream of salicylic acid (SA) and modulates the SA mediated systemic acquired resistance. It is also involved
in a cross talk with the jasmonate pathway that is essential for resistance against herbivores and necrotrophic pathogens.
Overexpression of AtNPR1 in transgenic plants resulted in enhanced disease resistance. Recently, tobacco transgenic plants expressing AtNPR1 were shown to be tolerant to the early instars of Spodoptera litura (Meur et al., Physiol Plant 133:765–775, 2008). In this communication, we show that the heterologous expression of AtNPR1 in tobacco has also enhanced the oxidative stress tolerance. The transgenic plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to the treatment
with methyl viologen. This tolerance was associated with the constitutive upregulation of PR1, PR2 (glucanase), PR5 (thaumatin like protein), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and Cu2+/Zn2+ superoxide dismutase (SOD). This is the first demonstration of the novel function of heterologous expression of AtNPR1 in oxidative stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. 相似文献
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Tingqiao Yu Guanhua Zhi Junna Shi Yuzhen Chen Man Shen Cunfu Lu 《Plant Growth Regulation》2018,84(1):169-178
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Plant acyl-CoA dependent acyltransferases constitute a large specific protein superfamily, named BAHD. Using the conserved
sequence motifs of BAHD members, we searched the genome sequences of Populus and Arabidopsis, and identified, respectively, 94- and 61-putative genes. Subsequently, we analyzed the phylogeny, gene structure, and chromosomal
distribution of BAHD members of both species; then, we profiled expression patterns of BAHD genes by “in silico” northern- and microarray-analyses based on public databases, and by RT-PCR. While our genomic- and bioinformatic- analyses
provided full sets of BAHD superfamily genes, and cleaned up a few existing annotation errors, importantly it led to our recognizing
several unique Arabidopsis BAHD genes that inversely overlapped with their neighboring genes on the genome, and disclosing a potential natural anti-sense
regulation for gene expressions. Systemic gene-expression profiling of BAHD members revealed distinct tissue-specific/preferential
expression patterns, indicating their diverse biological functions. Our study affords a strong knowledge base for understanding
BAHD members’ evolutionary relationships and gene functions implicated in plant growth, development and metabolism.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
8.
Recent studies of glucose (Glc) sensing and signaling have revealed that Glc acts as a critical signaling molecule in higher plants. Several Glc sensing-defective Arabidopsis mutants have been characterized in detail, and the corresponding genes encoding Glc-signaling proteins have been isolated. However, the full complexity of Glc signaling in higher plants is not yet fully understood. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a new Glc-insensitive mutant, gaolaozhuangren2 (glz2), which was isolated from transposon mutagenesis experiments in Arabidopsis. In addition to its insensitivity to Glc, the glz2 plant exhibits several developmental defects such as short stature with reduced apical dominance, short roots, small and dark-green leaves, late flowering and female sterility. Treatment with 4% Glc blocked expression of the OE33 gene in wild-type plants, whereas expression of this gene was unchanged in the glz2 mutant plants. Taken together, our results suggest that the GLZ2 gene is required for normal glucose response and development of Arabidopsis.Mingjie Chen and Xiaoxiang Xia contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
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Background
CBL1 is a calcium sensor that regulates drought, cold and salt signals in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of CBL1 gene in Arabidopsis and in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus showed different tolerant activities. We are interested in understanding the molecular mechanism of the upstream region of the CBL1 gene of A. mongolicus (AmCBL1). We investigated and characterized the promoter of the AmCBL1 gene, for promoters play a very important role in regulating gene expression in eukaryotes. 相似文献10.
Cotton fibres are single, highly elongated cells derived from the outer epidermis of ovules, and are developmentally similar to the trichomes of Arabidopsis thaliana. To identify genes involved in the molecular control of cotton fibre initiation, we isolated four putative homologues of the Arabidopsis trichome-associated gene TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1). All four WD-repeat genes are derived from the ancestral D diploid genome of tetraploid cotton and are expressed in many tissues throughout the plant, including ovules and growing fibres. Two of the cotton genes were able to restore trichome formation in ttg1 mutant Arabidopsis plants. Both these genes also complemented the anthocyanin defect in a white-flowered Matthiola incana ttg1 mutant. These results demonstrate parallels in differentiation between trichomes in cotton and Arabidopsis, and indicate that these cotton genes may be functional homologues of AtTTG1. 相似文献
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Water movement across cellular membranes is regulated largely by a family of water channel proteins called aquaporins (AQPs).
Since several abiotic stresses such as, drought, salinity and freezing, manifest themselves via altering water status of plant
cells and are linked by the fact that they all result in cellular dehydration, we overexpressed an AQP (tonoplast intrinsic
protein) from Panax ginseng, PgTIP1, in transgenic Arabidopsis
thaliana plants to test its role in plant’s response to drought, salinity and cold acclimation (induced freezing tolerance). Under
favorable conditions, PgTIP1 overexpression significantly increased plant growth as determined by the biomass production, and leaf and root morphology.
PgTIP1 overexpression had beneficial effect on salt-stress tolerance as indicated by superior growth status and seed germination
of transgenic plants under salt stress; shoots of salt-stressed transgenic plants also accumulated greater amounts of Na+ compared to wild-type plants. Whereas PgTIP1 overexpression diminished the water-deficit tolerance of plants grown in shallow (10 cm deep) pots, the transgenic plants
were significantly more tolerant to water stress when grown in 45 cm deep pots. The rationale for this contrasting response,
apparently, comes from the differences in the root morphology and leaf water channel activity (speed of dehydration/rehydration)
between the transgenic and wild-type plants. Plants overexpressed with PgTIP1 exhibited lower (relative to wild-type control) cold acclimation ability; however, this response was independent of cold-regulated
gene expression. Our results demonstrate a significant function of PgTIP1 in growth and development of plant cells, and suggest that the water movement across tonoplast (via AQP) represents a rate-limiting
factor for plant vigor under favorable growth conditions and also significantly affect responses of plant to drought, salt
and cold stresses. 相似文献
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Intronless genes, a characteristic feature of prokaryotes, constitute a significant portion of the eukaryotic genomes. Our
analysis revealed the presence of 11,109 (19.9%) and 5,846 (21.7%) intronless genes in rice and Arabidopsis genomes, respectively, belonging to different cellular role and gene ontology categories. The distribution and conservation
of rice and Arabidopsis intronless genes among different taxonomic groups have been analyzed. A total of 301 and 296 intronless genes from rice and
Arabidopsis, respectively, are conserved among organisms representing the three major domains of life, i.e., archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes.
These evolutionarily conserved proteins are predicted to be involved in housekeeping cellular functions. Interestingly, among
the 68% of rice and 77% of Arabidopsis intronless genes present only in eukaryotic genomes, approximately 51% and 57% genes have orthologs only in plants, and thus
may represent the plant-specific genes. Furthermore, 831 and 144 intronless genes of rice and Arabidopsis, respectively, referred to as ORFans, do not exhibit homology to any of the genes in the database and may perform species-specific
functions. These data can serve as a resource for further comparative, evolutionary, and functional analysis of intronless
genes in plants and other organisms.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Cristian Antonio Rojas Nubia Barbosa Eloy Marcelo de Freitas Lima Roberta Lopes Rodrigues Luciana Ozório Franco Kristiina Himanen Gerrit T. S. Beemster Adriana Silva Hemerly Paulo Cavalcanti Gomes Ferreira 《Plant molecular biology》2009,71(3):307-318
The Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) controls CDK activity by targeting the ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of S-phase and
mitosis-promoting cyclins. Here, we report that the ectopic expression of the Arabidopsis CDC27a, an APC subunit, accelerates plant growth and results in plants with increased biomass production. CDC27a overexpression
was associated to apical meristem restructuration, protoplasts with higher 3H-thimidine incorporation and altered cell-cycle marker expression. Total protein extracts immunoprecipitated with a CDC27a
antibody showed ubiquitin ligase activity, indicating that the Arabidopsis CDC27a gets incorporated into APC complexes. These results indicate a role of AtCDC27a in regulation of plant growth and
raise the possibility that the activity of the APC and the rates of plant cell division could be regulated by the concentration
of the CDC27a subunit.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Cristian Antonio Rojas and Nubia Barbosa Eloy contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
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Christoph Bleidorn Deborah Lanterbecq Igor Eeckhaut Ralph Tiedemann 《Development genes and evolution》2009,219(4):211-216
Using degenerate primers, we were able to identify seven Hox genes for the myzostomid Myzostoma cirriferum. The recovered fragments belong to anterior class (Mci_lab, Mci_pb), central class (Mci_Dfd, Mci_Lox5, Mci_Antp, Mci_Lox4), and posterior class (Mci_Post2) paralog groups. Orthology assignment was verified by phylogenetic analyses and presence of diagnostic regions in the homeodomain
as well as flanking regions. The presence of Lox5, Lox4, and Post2 supports the inclusion of Myzostomida within Lophotrochozoa. We found signature residues within flanking regions of Lox5, which are also found in annelids, but not in Platyhelminthes. As such the available Hox genes data of myzostomids support an annelid relationship.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
17.
Increasing numbers of investigations indicate that ethylene response factor (ERF) proteins play important roles in plant stress
responses via interacting with GCC box and/dehydration-responsive element/C-repeat to modulate expression of downstream genes,
but the detailed regulatory mechanism is not well elucidated. Revealing the modulation pathway of ERF proteins in response
to stresses is vital. Previously, we showed that tomato ERF protein TERF2/LeERF2 is ethylene inducible, and ethylene production
is suppressed in antisense TERF2/LeERF2 tomatoes, suggesting that TERF2/LeERF2 functions as a positive regulator in ethylene biosynthesis. In this paper, we report
that regulation of TERF2/LeERF2 in ethylene biosynthesis is associated with enhanced freezing tolerance of tobacco and tomato.
Analysis of gene expression showed that cold slowly induces expression of TERF2/LeERF2 in tomato, implying that TERF2/LeERF2 may be involved in cold response through ethylene modulation. To test the hypothesis,
we first observed that overexpressing TERF2/LeERF2 tobaccos not only enhances freezing tolerance via activating expression of cold-related genes, but also significantly reduces
electrolyte leakage. In addition, with treatment of ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor or ethylene receptor antagonist, we then
showed that blockage of ethylene biosynthesis or the ethylene signaling pathway decreases freezing tolerance of overexpressing
TERF2/LeERF2 tobaccos. Moreover, the results from tomatoes showed that overexpressing TERF2/LeERF2 tomatoes enhances while antisense TERF2/LeERF2 transgenic lines decreases freezing tolerance, and application of ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
restored freezing tolerance of antisense lines. Therefore our results establish that TERF2/LeERF2 enhances freezing tolerance
of plants through ethylene biosynthesis and the ethylene signaling pathway. 相似文献
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Gao-Jie Hong Wen-Li Hu Jian-Xu Li Xiao-Ya Chen Ling-Jian Wang 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2009,27(3):334-341
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DWF4 encodes a rate-limiting mono-oxygenase that mediates 22α-hydroxylation reactions in the BR biosynthetic pathway and it is
the target gene in the BR feedback loop. Knockout of DWF4 results in a dwarfed phenotype and other severe defects in Arabidopsis. Here we report on the isolation of the ZmDWF4 gene in maize. Sequence analysis revealed that the open reading frame of ZmDWF4 was 1,518 bp, which encodes a protein composed of 505 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 57.6 kD and
a predicated isoelectric point (pI) of 9.54. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that ZmDWF4 was very close to the Arabidopsis DWF4. In young maize seedlings, the expression of ZmDWF4 in shoots was much higher than that in roots. The highest expression of ZmDWF4 was observed in husk leaves and the lowest in silks during flowering stage. The expression of ZmDWF4 in maize was significantly down regulated by exogenous brassinolide. A heterogeneous complementary experiment demonstrated
that the defects of three Arabidopsis
DWF4 mutants could be rescued by constitutive expression of ZmDWF4, with leaf expandability, inflorescence stem heights and fertile capabilities all restored to normal levels. Increases in
seed and branch number as well as the height of florescence stem were observed in the over-expressed transformants. These
findings suggest that ZmDWF4 may be an ortholog gene of Arabidopsis DWF4 and responsible for BR biosynthesis in maize.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献