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1.
网翅蝗科九种蝗虫的酯酶同工酶研究(直翅目:蝗总科)   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对网翅蝗科Arcypteridae3属9种蝗虫进行了酯酶同工酶的研究,研究结果表明,同一属分类单元中各个种间的酯酶同工酶谱带相似程度明显高于不同属分类单元种间相似程度,较高分类单元之间酯酶谱带椒似程度低于较低分类单元之间的相似程度。  相似文献   

2.
斑翅蝗科部分种类的酯酶同工酶研究:(直翅目:蝗总科)   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
本文采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法,对斑翅蝗科(Oedipodidae)6属8个种进行了酯酶同工酶的研究,共显示30条迁移率不同的酶带,根据酶带迁移距离的不同,可以分为5个泳动区。通过EST同工酶酶带的聚类分析,对斑翅蝗科部分种类的分类问题进行了探讨。  相似文献   

3.
数种癞蝗酯酶同工酶的比较研究及其在分类上的应用   总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24  
黄原  郑哲民 《昆虫学报》1990,33(2):149-154
本文应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法分析了癞蝗科三属及一种共十四个种群的酯酶同工酶(EST),结果证明EST在属内具有某些共性.同一种群的个体不存在明显的差异,不同种群间略有差异,而种间则差别非常明显.生化和形态特征结合进行的聚类分析提出将短鼻蝗属的三个类群提升到属或亚属的地位,同时还支持将种群7C和9独立成新种.  相似文献   

4.
中国蝗虫科昆虫分类研究综述   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
梁铬球  郑哲民 《昆虫知识》1994,31(2):119-121
  相似文献   

5.
广西蝗虫研究Ⅰ.蝗虫的区系组成   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
蒋国芳 《动物学研究》1995,16(3):223-231
广西科学院生物研究所和广西植物研究所1962-1993年对广西壮族自治区进行蝗虫调查和采集,共采获蝗总科标本计3万余号,经鉴定有6科26亚科71属139种。文中分析了各蝗种的区系地理成分、科属分配。结果说明,广西蝗虫区系成分为以东洋和占绝对优势,广布种、古北种两者仅占有较小一部分,而特有种却占有相当大的比例。  相似文献   

6.
梁铭球  郑哲民 《昆虫学报》1991,34(3):331-332
本文报告采自西藏的蝗虫一新种。模式标本保存于中山大学昆虫学研究所标本室。 工布雏蝗 Chorthippus gongbuensis 新种(图1—4) 雄虫 体小。触角丝状,到达后足股节基部,中段一节长为宽的3.7倍。颜面倾斜与头顶成锐角。颜面隆起具深纵沟,两侧自上而下微展开。头侧窝长方形,长为宽的4倍。复眼卵形,纵径为横径的1.47倍,眼下沟与横径等长。前胸背板前缘略呈弧形,后缘宽圆形;中隆线明显,侧隆线在沟前区呈弧形弯曲;后横沟明显,位于前胸背板中部。中胸  相似文献   

7.
八种狼蛛酯酶同工酶的研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
同工酶用于动物分类学研究,国内外已有大量文献报道,其中尤以酯酶同工酶的研究较多。在蜘蛛方面,国内学者已先后做过一些酯酶同工酶的研究工作(屈虹等,1985;邱琼华等,1987;黄红等,1992),但尚未从遗传学角度对其进行分析。另外,以前的研究大多是个别取样,并且只以酶带数及其迁移率为依据进行比较分析。而在本项研究中,采取居群取样,对陕西8种常见狼蛛的酯酶同工酶作遗传学分析,为进一步探索酯酶同工酶的分类学价值和了解物种间亲缘关系提供遗传及生化方面的依据。1 材料和方法1-1 动 物 实验动物采自野…  相似文献   

8.
内蒙古菜蝽属4个种昆虫酯酶同工酶的比较研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
史丽  齐宝瑛 《昆虫知识》2005,42(3):278-283
应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板型电泳技术,对内蒙古地区菜蝽属EurydemaLaporte横纹菜蝽E .gebleriKolenati、新疆菜蝽E .maracandicumOshanin、巴楚菜蝽E .wilkinsiDistant、菜蝽E .dominulus(Scopoli)4个种的酯酶(EST)同工酶作了比较研究。结果表明,菜蝽属4个种的EST同工酶谱带清晰、多态性强、稳定性好,且显示出各自种的特征酶谱,可作为菜蝽属昆虫系统分类学研究的重要分类特征。聚类分析结果进一步证明,内蒙古地区菜蝽属昆虫包含了4个独立的种。聚类图也清晰直观地反映了4种菜蝽之间的系统发育关系,即(((横纹菜蝽,巴楚菜蝽)新疆菜蝽)菜蝽)。  相似文献   

9.
10.
刘举鹏 《昆虫学报》1997,40(2):185-186
本文记述分布在新疆的网翅蝗科一新种。模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所。赛里木毗蝗E。mippussay。mensisLiu,新种(图1)雌性体小型。头短小,其长明显短于前胸背板。颜面明显向后倾斜,颜面隆起自上向下渐宽,全长具明显纵沟。头顶较短,三角形,顶端是钝圆形,侧缘隆线明显,背面低凹;头顶在复眼前的最宽处约为颜面隆起触角间宽的2倍。头侧窝明显,前狭后宽,其长约为宽的1.5~2倍。触角丝状,其顶端到达或不到达前胸背板的后缀。前胸背板前缘平直,后缘呈弧形向外突出;中隆线明显;侧隆线明显,侧隆线间最宽处约为最狭处的2倍…  相似文献   

11.
菘蓝属植物的同工酶分析及其系统学意义   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,比较了菘蓝属(Isatis L.)5种2变种1多倍体品种及1外类群种共计20个样本的酯酶同工酶和超氧化物歧化酶同工酶的酶谱差异,并运用数量分类学的原理和方法对酶谱数据进行了聚类分析。20个样本的酯酶同工酶酶谱共有18条酶带,可分为慢带区(A区)、中带区(B区)和快带区(C区)3个区,其中A区的Rf0.09酶带为所有样本共有,而B区和C区不仅酶带数多,而且活性较强,并表现出很大差异。20个样本的超氧化物歧化酶同工酶酶谱有8条酶带,略有差异。聚类分析结果表明,20个样本被明显分成10组,与形态性状分类结果基本一致。利用酶带的有无、酶带的活性差异以及聚类分析结果,可以初步作出菘蓝属类群间亲缘关系的判定。  相似文献   

12.
Abstract.  A study was conducted to describe the major features of geographical and temporal variation in the diversity of grassland grasshopper species (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in different sites of the Pampas, Argentina. Species richness and relative abundance were assessed at 12 sites in eastern La Pampa and western Buenos Aires provinces, from 1994 through 1999. Mean species richness at the regional level was 10, and 34 grasshopper species were collected throughout of the study. Comparison with grasshopper species diversity from the Great Plains of North America is discussed. An evaluation of the proportions of species in each of the three distribution groups (broad, intermediate and narrow) revealed that, over all sites, broadly distributed species made up 14.7% of species composition and intermediately and narrowly distributed species made up 26.5% and 58.8%, respectively. The three top-ranked species in the studied sites were Dichroplus elongatus , D. pratensis and Staurorhectus longicornis . Results showed that, contrary to what was expected, one of the widely distributed species in the region (i.e. Baeacris punctulatus ) does not always constitute one of the most abundant species. Finally, the loss of one of the historically most common species in the Pampas, D. maculipennis , is also discussed.  相似文献   

13.
菜粉蝶不同发育期酯酶同工酶的比较研究   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
郭晓霞  郑哲民 《昆虫学报》2002,45(3):401-403
利用垂直板型聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法研究菜粉蝶Pieris rapae不同发育期的酯酶同工酶,并探讨在个体发育过程中的作用。  相似文献   

14.
EST及其应用   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
陆佳韵  王秀琴 《生命科学》1999,11(4):186-188
随着HGP(HumanGenomeProject)的实施,人类基因组测序进展顺利,并有望于2003年提前完成。后基因组计划的重点之一在于基因组表达概况和功能的研究。EST(expressedsequencetags)是一组短的cDNA部分序列,是由大量随机取出的cDNA克隆一次测序得到的组织或细胞基因组的表达序列标签。其在基因组研究中的应用已相当广泛并具有良好的前景。该文就EST的产生、相关数据库和应用情况作一综述。  相似文献   

15.
酯酶同工酶在烟草远缘杂种早代中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
程昕昕  魏治中 《生物学杂志》2007,24(1):59-60,31
为了扩大种质资源的范围,将紫苏、罗勒的DNA运用常规杂交手段转入普通烟草中,从而获得新的烟草后代。通过研究烟草杂种早代酯酶同工酶的差异,结果表明:在子代中具有与父本相同的遗传物质,即父本部分遗传物质在烟草中的整合与表达。  相似文献   

16.
In the past, insect species richness was high in Central European seminatural grasslands, which were characterized by low‐intensity land use. Currently, however, the hay in most of these grasslands is mechanically harvested, which negatively impacts insect biodiversity. One way to reduce this negative effect is to leave unmown patches as refuges. In the current research we evaluated the short‐term effects of leaving an unmown patch on the taxonomic and functional diversity of the Orthoptera assemblage in a meadow. We found that orthopteran species richness and abundance were significantly reduced by mowing, whether or not a patch was left uncut. In contrast, functional evenness, indicating distribution of species abundances in a niche space, was reduced by mowing only if the plot lacked an uncut refuge. Functional richness, indicating the amount of niche space occupied by species, was elevated if the plot had an uncut refuge. Larger species were negatively affected by mowing, while habitat specialists, mobile species and soil‐ovipositing species benefitted from it. We infer that the presence of an uncut patch increased the diversity of habitats available to orthopterans and maintained even distribution of species among niche space. In summary, leaving an unmown refuge in grasslands could increase the functional diversity of orthopterans, even if it does not preserve taxonomic diversity.  相似文献   

17.
表达序列标签(EST)在基因组学研究中的应用   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
表达序列标签 (expressedsequencetags)是一种快捷、高效的揭示基因组信息的方法。本文对EST的产生、概念、技术原理及其在基因组研究中的广泛应用作一详细的介绍  相似文献   

18.
对基于EST数据库开发SNP标记的特点、开发策略等进行了综述,并介绍了在中华猕猴桃复合体(Actinidia chinesis Planch.)中开发EST-SNP的基本思路和初步结果,为后续分子实验验证及其在自然居群中的应用奠定基础,并为其它相关物种的EST-SNP分子标记开发提供借鉴.  相似文献   

19.
Primary sensory projections and arborisations of higher-order neurons associated with the maxillary palps were examined in Tettigoniidae, Gryllidae, Tetrigidae and Acrididae representing the two sub-orders of Orthoptera, Ensifera and Caelifera. Anterograde filling and Golgi impregnation of maxillary receptor neurons revealed two patterns of innervation, the ensiferous and the caeliferous type. In both ensiferans and caeliferans, receptor neurons arborised within the tritocerebrum, the antennal motor- and mechano-sensory centre and the lobus glomerulatus. In ensiferans, additional areas of innervation were found in the lobus glomerulatus and in a previously undescribed neuropil, here referred to as the accessory lobus glomerulatus. In relation to the anatomical data a putative functional segregation of the neuropil into gustatory-, olfactory- and mechano-sensory centres is implied.  相似文献   

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