SDH全基因的拼接及原核表达

目的:构建闭联异松树脂醇二脂脱氢酶(SDH)全基因片段与原核表达质粒载体,在大肠杆菌中进行表达.方法:将SDH3'端和5'端序列通过PCR方法拼接获得全基因后,然后将其插入到相应的原核表达质粒载体PGEX-6p-1中,形成了重组载体,并使其在大肠杆菌BL21中经IFFG诱导其表达蛋白,再用SDS-PAGE电泳检测表达结果.结果:成功的将SDH基因片段拼接成全基因,并将其构建入原核表达载体PGEX-6p-1中.测序结果表明载体构建成功,无插入和移码突变.经1.5mmol/LIPTC诱导后获得与预测大小(29.253kDa)完全一致的目的蛋白即闭联异松树脂醇二脂脱氢酶蛋白,并测得在37℃、250r/min的实验条件下的最佳诱导时间为4h.结论:成功获得了重组质粒并在大肠杆菌中较好的诱导表达得到了闭联异松树脂醇二脂脱氢酶的蛋白.     

小麦细胞分裂素氧化酶基因TaCKX1原核表达载体的构建及表达

目的:构建小麦细胞分裂素氧化酶基因TaCKXI原核表达载体并进行表达,以期得到大量的His标签融合蛋白.方法:根据GenBank中的TaCKXI序列以及pET-24a载体中的多克隆位点设计引物,以含有TaCKXl编码基因的批pMD-QRCKXI重组质粒为模板,经PCR扩增得到TaCKXI基因的DNA片段.将所得的片段与pET-24a载体连接,转化DH5α大肠杆菌,筛选阳性克隆,其测序结果与原序列一致,表明原核表达载体pET-TaCKXI已构建成功.提取per-TaCKXI质粒转化到BL21(DE3)pLysS表达菌株中,经IPTG诱导后收集菌体进行SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定,并优化其表达条件.结果:在大肠杆菌中获得TaCKXI基因融合表达,主要以包涵体形式存在;融合蛋白的分子量为58.91kD;IPTG终浓度为0.5、1.0、1.5.2.0mmol/L时,诱导融合蛋白产量相差不大.选用0.5mmol/L诱导15h获得大量的融合蛋白.经用原核表达蛋白纯化试剂盒纯化,得到了单一的融合蛋白.结论:小麦TaCKXI基因在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达,为今后TaCKXI蛋白多克隆抗体的制备奠定了基础.     

A亚群禽白血病病毒囊膜基因gp85片段在大肠杆菌中的表达

将RAV-1囊膜基因gp85片段亚克隆到表达质粒pET-21d(+)中得到重组表达质粒pET-21d-RAV-1env(BglII/SalI),序列分析表明该插入片段的核苷酸序列和阅读框都与RAV-1囊膜基因相应序列相同.用其转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)并经IPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE分析表明RAV-1囊膜基因融合蛋白表达产物约20kD,与理论值相符;IPTG诱导起始时间比诱导持续时间对表达量的影响更大.     

立氏立克次体外膜蛋白H 基因片段的克隆表达与免疫原性分析

目的:克隆表达立氏立克次体(Rickettsia rickettsii)外膜蛋白H基因(ompH)片段并对其进行免疫原性分析。方法:采用PCR技术从立氏立克次体基因组中扩增ompH基因片段,将该基因片段与原核表达载体pET32a连接,构建重组原核表达质粒pET32a/ompH;将pET32a/ompH转入大肠杆菌细胞内,用IPTG诱导转化大肠杆菌表达目的基因。结果:获得长为327bp的ompH基因片段,SDS-PAGE分析发现pET32a/ompH转化菌表达了大小约27kDa蛋白,该蛋白与立氏立克次体免疫豚鼠血清及斑点热患者血清在免疫印迹分析中呈阳性反应,经该重组蛋白免疫血清中和后的立氏立克次体感染VERO活力减低。结论:pET32a/ompH转化的大肠杆菌表达了ompH基因片段,所产生的重组蛋白具有良好的免疫反应性及保护性。     

小鼠canstatin C端片段基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

为了构建小鼠canstatinC端片段的原核表达载体并在大肠杆菌中表达。以小鼠肝脏组织总RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR扩增小鼠canstatinC端片段(mCan-C)基因,克隆到pMD18-T载体中并进行序列分析。将mCan-C基因定向克隆于原核表达载体pET30a(+)中,构建表达载体pET／mCan-C,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达。结果表明,小鼠canstatinC端片段的cDNA长度为399bp,含有1个终止密码,编码132个氨基酸,与已知的人canstatinC端片段氨基酸的同源性为61％。IPTG诱导mCan-C在大肠杆菌E．coliBL21中表达,表达量约占菌体总蛋白量的28％,重组蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在。首次克隆了小鼠canstatinC端片段的cDNA,IPTG诱导mCan-C在大肠杆菌E．coliBL21中高效表达。小鼠canstatinC端片段的cDNA序列已收入GenBank,接受号为:AY502947。     

内切葡聚糖酶基因在大肠杆菌与毕赤酵母中的表达

根据绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)WL 0422菌株内切葡聚糖酶基因egⅡ的cDNA序列,设计特异引物,以重组质粒pTG19-T-egⅡ为模板,扩增得到全长1 194bp的egⅡ成熟肽cDNA片段.将该片段分别克隆到大肠杆菌(Escherichia coil)表达载体pET-28a( )和毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)表达载体pPIC9K中,并在大肠杆菌Rosset(DE3)和毕赤酵母GS115中进行了表达.重组大肠杆菌表达蛋白占菌体总蛋白的15%,表达产物无内切葡聚糖酶活性.重组毕赤酵母经甲醇诱导实现了分泌表达,在摇床水平上酶活性达到2 788U/ml.酶学性质分析表明,该酶作用的最适pH为4.5,pH 3.5～6.0范围内酶活性保留在80%以上;最适温度为50℃,55℃以下酶的稳定性在90%以上.     

文山松毛虫质型多角体病毒S8片段cDNA克隆与原核表达

文山松毛虫质型多角体病毒(DpwCPV)S8片段被克隆和测序,该片段全长1332bp,编码390个氨基酸组成的分子量大约为43kDa的蛋白P44.根据本实验室测定出的马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒(DpCPV)基因组全序列,设计引物,扩增出文山松毛虫质型多角体病毒S8部分片段,并亚克隆出p44基因序列,然后将p44基因序列cDNA克隆到表达载体pET-28a中,构建成表达质粒pET-S8,用IPTG诱导大肠杆菌BL21,经SDS-PAGE证明p44基因在大肠杆菌中获得成功表达,并对其编码蛋白序列进行了分析.     

立氏立克次体外膜蛋白H基因片段的克隆表达与免疫原性分析

目的：克隆表达立氏立克次体（Rickettsia rickettsii）外膜蛋白H基因（ompH）片段并对其进行免疫原性分析。方法：采用PCR技术从立氏立克次体基因组中扩增ompH基因片段,将该基因片段与原核表达载体pET32a连接,构建重组原核表达质粒pET32a/ompH;将pET32a/ompH转入大肠杆菌细胞内,用IPTG诱导转化大肠杆菌表达目的基因。结果：获得长为327bp的ompH基因片段,SDS-PAGE分析发现pET32a/ompH转化菌表达了大小约27kDa蛋白,该蛋白与立氏立克次体免疫豚鼠血清及斑点热患者血清在免疫印迹分析中呈阳性反应,经该重组蛋白免疫血清中和后的立氏立克次体感染VERO活力减低。结论：pET32a/ompH转化的大肠杆菌表达了ompH基因片段,所产生的重组蛋白具有良好的免疫反应性及保护性。     

红霉素链霉菌聚酮合成酶基因eryA Ⅲ的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的:在大肠杆菌中异源表达红霉素链霉菌聚酮合成酶eryA Ⅲ基因.方法:构建表达载体pET-m28a,PCR扩增高GC含量长片段基因eryA Ⅲ及分子伴侣GroELS的基因,并插入该载体,每个基因都能够独立启动和终止表达;将重组质粒转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG进行诱导表达.结果:NdeⅠ、Hind Ⅲ分别酶切质粒pET-m28a/eryA Ⅲ-GroELS,琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示获得与预期大小相同的DNA片段;SDS-PAGE结果表明,重组大肠杆菌表达了由eryA Ⅲ编码的相对分子质量为348×103的蛋白;与GroELS共表达后,目的蛋白在上清中的表达量明显增加.结论:GroELS提高了eryA Ⅲ编码蛋白的可溶性,为红霉素合成通路在大肠杆菌中的重建奠定了基础.     

可溶性泛素样特异性蛋白酶1的表达及活性鉴定

目的:高效可溶性表达泛素样特异性蛋白酶1(ULP1)。方法:根据大肠杆菌密码子的偏好性优化合成编码ULP1的基因片段序列,将其克隆到原核表达载体p GEX-6P-1中,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用0.5 mmol/L IPTG于37℃诱导表达8 h,观察重组蛋白ULP1的表达情况;优化诱导时间及IPTG浓度,并鉴定重组蛋白ULP1的生物学活性。结果:重组蛋白ULP1表达的最佳条件为37℃、0.1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导表达5 h,目的蛋白以可溶性表达为主;Western印迹结果表明,重组蛋白ULP1能够被His单克隆抗体识别,重组蛋白ULP1能够特异性酶切SUMO-GFP。结论:表达了具有生物学活性的SUMO蛋白酶ULP1。     

QCM immunosensor detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 based on beacon immunomagnetic nanoparticles and catalytic growth of colloidal gold

In this paper, we describe a novel method for detecting Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 by using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) immunosensor based on beacon immunomagnetic nanoparticles (BIMPs), streptavidin-gold, and growth solution. E. coli O157-BIMPs were magnetic nanoparticles loaded with polyclonal anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibody (target antibody, T-Ab) and biotin-IgG (beacon antibody, B-Ab) at an optimized ratio of 1:60 (T-Ab:B-Ab). E. coli O157:H7 was captured and separated by E. coli O157-BIMPs in a sample, and the streptavidin-gold was subsequently conjugated to E. coli O157-BIMPs by using a biotin-avidin system. Finally, the gold particles on E. coli O157-BIMPs were enlarged in growth solution, and the compounds containing E. coli O157:H7, E. coli O157-BIMPs, and enlarged gold particles were collected using a magnetic plate. The QCM immunosensor was fabricated with protein A from Staphylococcus aureus and monoclonal anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibody. The compounds decreased the immunosensor's resonant frequency. E. coli O157-BIMPs and enlarged gold particles were used as "mass enhancers" to amplify the frequency change. The frequency shift was correlated to the bacterial concentration. The detection limit was 23 CFU/ml in phosphate-buffered saline and 53 CFU/ml in milk. This method could successfully detect E. coli O157:H7 with high specificity and stability. The entire procedure for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 took only 4 h.     

The use of bacteria as probes for lectins in preparations of solubilized human tonsil cell membranes

In earlier work we have shown that some bacteria bind naturally to lymphocyte subpopulations and that this binding may be due to lectin-carbohydrate interactions. Here we determined the possibility of using bacteria to probe for these lectins in solubilized tonsil cell membrane preparations. Since lectins are capable of agglutination, we determined the ability of human tonsil cell membrane extract (TCME) to agglutinate bacteria. We used Escherichia coli strain YS57 which does not bind to human lymphocytes and a mutant strain derived from it, E. coli UI 2023, which binds to about 50 percent of human lymphocytes. The UI 2023 was agglutinated while the YS57 was not; this agglutination was not due to antibodies or DNA. When E. coli UI 2023 was treated with periodate, it lost its ability to be agglutinated. The agglutination of E. coli UI 2023 was not blocked by any of the monosaccharides and disaccharides used but was blocked by the E. coli LPS, more specifically, by its carbohydrate moiety. Also, the E. coli UI 2023 absorbed the agglutinating factor while its parental strain, YS57, did not. Sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of TCME after absorption with bacteria showed that a band around 67kD was absent in the TCME absorbed by E. coli prevented the absorption by E. coli UI 2023 whereas Na2IO4-treated LPS did not. In addition, tonsil cell membrane was radioiodinated before obtaining the TCME; sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the radioiodinated TCME recovered after elution from E. coli UI 2023, but not from E. coli YS57, showed again a band around 67 kD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Determination of quantitative parameters of Escherichia coli phagocytosis by mouse peritoneal macrophages

The fluorometric method was used to study guantitative parameters of phagocytosis of fluorescein-labeled Escherichia coli cells by mouse peritoneal macrophages. E. coli cells were conjugated with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITC) and then incubated with macrophages. At the end of the assay phagocytosis was arrested with a lysing solution (0.5% Triton X-100 in 0.01 M phosphate-buffered 0.15 M saline, pH 7.4). Trypan blue at a concentration of 0.04% was used as a quenching agent to differentiate between attachment and ingestion of E. coli cells. The time course analysis within this method showed that phagocytosis of E. coli cells was temperature and opsonin dependent. The number of E. coli cells ingested by macrophages increased rapidly during the initial 60 min of incubation at 37 degrees C. E. coli cells required opsonization with 5% native serum to achieve their optimal uptake. The uptake of nonopsonized bacteria by macrophages was significantly lower that that of opsonized ones (P < 0.05). It was demonstrated that sodium azide inhibited phagocytosis of E. coli cells by mouse peritoneal macrophages in a dose-dependent manner.     

Prevalence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli from serotype O157 and other attaching and effacing Escherichia coli on bovine carcasses in Algeria

AIMS: Bovine meat is the principal source of human contamination of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli, including enterohaemorrhagic E. coli O157. The aim was to study the prevalence of these strains on bovine carcasses in Algeria. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two-hundred and thirty carcasses were swabbed and analysed by classical microbiological methods for total E. coli counts and for the presence of pathogenic E. coli. The E. coli counts were high, with a 75th percentile of 444.75 CFUs cm(-2). For pathogenic E. coli, more than 7% of the tested carcasses were positive for E. coli O157. Eighteen E. coli O157 strains were isolated and typed by multiplex PCR. The main isolated pathotype (78%) was eae+ stx2+ ehxA+. In addition to E. coli O157, other attaching and effacing E. coli (AEEC) were also detected from carcasses by colony hybridization after pre-enrichment and plating on sorbitol MacConkey agar using eae, stx1 and stx2 probes. Thirty carcasses (13%) on the 230 analysed harboured at least one colony positive for one of the tested probes. These positive carcasses were different from those positive for E. coli O157. Sixty-six colonies (2.9%) positive by colony hybridization were isolated. The majority (60.6%) of the positive strains harboured an enteropathogenic E. coli-like pathotype (eae+ stx-). Only three enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)-like (eae+ stx1+) colonies were isolated from the same carcass. These strains did not belong to classical EHEC serotypes. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the global hygiene of the slaughterhouse was low, as indicated by the high level of E. coli count. The prevalence of both E. coli O157 and other AEEC was also high, representing a real hazard for consumers. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This is the first study of this type in Algeria, which indicates that the general hygiene of the slaughterhouse must be improved.     

Antibody-independent C1 activation by E. coli

Antibody-independent interactions of C1 with several E. coli strains were examined. Purified C1 was directly activated by the semi-rough mutant E. coli J-5, its parental wild-type strain, E. coli 0111:B4, and two clinical isolates, E. coli (P) and E. coli (A), in the absence of C1 inhibitor. E. coli J-5 activated C1 about 10-fold more rapidly and bound approximately threefold more C1 than the other strains. E. coli J-5, but not the other strains, also bound C1s2, provided that the subcomponent was offered to the bacteria in the presence of C1q and calcium; such binding was thus independent of the presence or absence of C1r2. After C1 activation in the absence of C1 inhibitor, activated C1s spontaneously dissociated from E. coli 0111:B4, (P), and (A), but remained associated with E. coli J-5. The regulatory protein C1 inhibitor prevented C1 activation by the weaker activators, E. coli strains 0111:B4, (P), and (A), but had no effect on C1 activation by E. coli J-5. Although C1 inhibitor thus failed to modulate C1 activation by E. coli J-5, it did block the enzymatic activity of activated C1 bound to this strain. Analyses of the molecular processes involved revealed differences with other systems. In the presence of C1 inhibitor, the C1s subunit of C1 activated by E. coli J-5 underwent further cleavage with the release into the supernatant of C1s fragments and complexes of C1 inhibitor with light chain fragments. Such fragments were not disulfide-linked to the remainder of the C1s molecule. The bulk of the heavy chain remained adherent to the surface of E. coli J-5. This finding documents the presence of a binding site for activated C1s on the surface of E. coli J-5 and localizes this site to the heavy chain. These studies thus indicate that several E. coli strains are direct C1 activators. Furthermore, E. coli J-5 provides another example of a direct C1 activator having binding sites not only for C1q but also for dimeric C1s. The studies also show that there are multiple properties of particles which determine the ability to activate C1, the rate of activation, the possibility of regulation of the activation process by C1 inhibitor, and the fate of activated C1.     

高压力杀灭大肠杆菌的研究

除传统的加热杀菌及辐照保鲜食品技术外,目前国外正在研究高压力(hydrostatic pressure)食品加工法。食品经此法处理后,可杀死绝大多数细菌,且仍能保持食品新鲜及原味,不会破坏其营养成分。这项技术已被国外列为10大关键科技之一。近来,作者以大肠杆菌为模型,研究了高压力的大小、施压时间及施压时的温度对其存活率的影响。 1 材料和方法 1.1 材料 1.1.1 菌株:大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli No.44156)购自上海市卫生防疫站菌种室。 1.1.2 仪器:高压力设备按Paladini和Weber的设计,作者自行研制,可产生1～2500bar压力。 1.1.3 LB培养基(％):胰蛋白胨1,酵母抽提粉0.5,NaCll,pH 7.5,琼脂1.5,121℃20min灭菌     

Interaction of the Bacillus subtilis DnaA-like protein with the Escherichia coli DnaA protein.

Plasmids carrying the intact Bacillus subtilis dnaA-like gene and two reciprocal hybrids between the B. subtilis and Escherichia coli dnaA genes were constructed. None of the plasmids could transform wild-type E. coli cells unless the cells contained surplus E. coli DnaA protein (DnaAEc). A dnaA (Ts) strain integratively suppressed by the plasmid R1 origin could be transformed by plasmids carrying either the B. subtilis gene (dnaABs) or a hybrid gene containing the amino terminus of the E. coli gene and the carboxyl terminus of the B. subtilis gene (dnaAEc/Bs). In cells with surplus E. coli DnaA protein, expression of the E. coli dnaA gene was derepressed by the B. subtilis DnaA protein and by the hybrid DnaAEc/Bs protein, whereas it was strongly repressed by the reciprocal hybrid protein DnaABs/Ec. The plasmids carrying the different dnaA genes probably all interfere with initiation of chromosome replication in E. coli by decreasing the E. coli DnaA protein concentration to a limiting level. The DnaABs and the DnaAEc/Bs proteins effect this decrease possibly by forming inactive oligomeric proteins, while the DnaABs/Ec protein may decrease dnaAEc gene expression.     

Improved penicillin amidase production using a genetically engineered mutant of Escherichia coli ATCC 11105

Penicillin G amidase (PGA) is a key enzyme for the industrial production of penicillin G derivatives used in therapeutics. Escherichia coli ATCC 11105 is the more commonly used strain for PGA production. To improve enzyme yield, we constructed various recombinant E. coli HB101 and ATCC 11105 strains. For each strain, PGA production was determined for various concentrations of glucose and phenylacetic and (PAA) in the medium. The E. coli strain, G271, was identified as the best performer (800 U NIPAB/L). This strain was obtained as follows: an E. coli ATCC 11105 mutant (E. coli G133) was first selected based on a low negative effect of glucose on PGA production. This mutant was then transformed with a pBR322 derivative containing the PGA gene. Various experiments were made to try to understand the reason for the high productivity of E. coli G271. The host strain, E. coli G133, was found to be mutated in one (or more) gene(s) whose product(s) act(s) in trans on the PGA gene expression. Its growth is not inhibited by high glucose concentration in the medium. Interestingly, whereas glucose still exerts some negative effect on the PGA production by E. coli G133, PGA production by its transformant (E. coli G271) is stimulated by glucose. The reason for this stimulation is discussed. Transformation of E. coli G133 with a pBR322 derivative containing the Hindlll fragment of the PGA gene, showed that the performance of E. coli G271 depends both upon the host strain properties and the plasmid structure. Study of the production by the less efficient E. coli HB101 derivatives brought some light on the mechanism of regulation of the PGA gene. (c) 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.