Synopsis of Grimmia Hedw. in New Zealand,including Grimmia wilsonii sp. nov.

Abstract

The New Zealand Grimmia Hedw. specimens from AK, AKU, BM, CHR, OTA and WELT have been revised and a bryological field trip to the New Zealand Southern Alps was made to study specimens in their natural habitats. As a result of the revision and the field trip, G. anodon, G. austrofunalis, G. orbicularis and G. tortuosa were added to the moss flora. A key is presented, the species are briefly discussed and Grimmia wilsonii H.C. Greven sp. nov. is described and illustrated.     

Chromosome studies in some British and Irish bryophytes,II

Abstract

Grimmia curviseta, a new species from Tenerife (Spain, Canary Islands) is characterized by autoecious gametoecia, the upper and perichaetial leaves with long hyaline denticulate hair-point, the leaves unistratose with bistratose margins and the nearly always gymnostomous capsule on an arcuate seta.     

Description of Pintomyia salomoni sp. n., a new phlebotomine species from northwest Argentina

A new species of phlebotomine sandfly is described and illustrated using male and female specimens collected in the provinces of Jujuy and Tucumán, Argentina. Both male and female morphological characters allow the inclusion of the new species within the Pintomyia genus, Pifanomyia subgenus, serrana series (Diptera: Psychodidae). The species was denominated as Pintomyia salomoni n. sp., and is closely related to Pintomyia (Pifanomyia) torresi and Pintomyia (Piffanomyia) boliviana.     

Grimmia anomala Schimp., new to Britain and Ireland

Abstract

Grimmia anomala is reported from seven sites in Scotland and Ireland. Confusion in the past with Grimmia hartmanii has meant that this species has been overlooked. Its occurrence in Scandinavia and the Faroes means that its sites in Scotland are not unexpected but the Irish localities for this boreal-montane species are noteworthy.     

紫萼藓科植物一新种--曹氏紫萼藓北大核心CSCD

描述了新疆天山山脉紫萼藓科(Grimmiaceae)紫萼藓属(Grimmia)一新种——曹氏紫萼藓(Grimmia caotongiana D.P.Zhao,S.Mamtimin&S.He)。该新种与无齿紫萼藓(Grimmia anodon Bruch&Schimp.)最为相似,不同之处在于新种茎叶和雌苞叶均无白色毛尖,叶中部边缘背卷;近中肋细胞通常无色透明,且细胞壁比边缘细胞明显加厚。该研究对新种——曹氏紫萼藓进行了详细的特征描述,并提供了植物体形态显微解剖彩色照片以及相近种的分类学讨论。     

The bryophytes of Greece: new records and observations

Abstract

New records of 38 hepatics and 87 mosses are reported from Greece. Leiocolea heterocolpos, Cephaloziella calyculata, Dicranella schreberiana, Hennediella stanfordensis, Weissia levieri, Grimmia alpestris and Grimmia torquata are believed to be new to the country. Claviform propagules formed by the excurrent nerve of the leaf are reported from a collection of Trichostomopsis australasiae.     

Two-hundred-years old shoots of the epiphytic moss Brotherella henonii preserved in a bark pocket of the conifer Cryptomeria japonica

Abstract

Schistidium flaccidum (De Not.) Ochyra is recorded as new to Britain from Snowdon, Wales. It may be distinguished from the other British species of the genus by its poculiform capsule, absence of peristome and small, dense tufts. Notes are given on its separation from Grimmia anodon, which it resembles more closely.     

Another example of cryptic diversity in lichen-forming fungi: the new species <Emphasis Type="Italic">Parmelia mayi</Emphasis> (Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae)

In the last decade, a number of cryptic species have been discovered in lichenized fungi, especially in species with a cosmopolitan or disjunctive distribution. Parmelia saxatilis is one of the most common and widely distributed species. Recent molecular studies have detected two species, P. ernstiae and P. serrana, within P. saxatilis s. lat., suggesting the existence of considerable genetic diversity that may not yet be expressed at the phenotypic level. Due to the complexity in the P. saxatilis s. lat. group, we used this as a model to study the species boundary and identify cryptic lineages. We used Phylogenetic (Bayes, ML and MP) and genetic distance approaches to analyze ITS and β-tubulin sequences. Our results confirm the existence of another cryptic lineage within P. saxatilis s. lat. This lineage is described herein as a new species, P. mayi. It forms an independent, strongly supported, monophyletic lineage, distantly related to the morphologically similar species P. ernstiae, P. saxatilis and P. serrana. Morphologically, it is indistinguishable from P. saxatilis but the new species is separated by molecular, bioclimatic, biogeographic and chemical characters. At present, P. mayi appears to have a restricted distribution in the northern Appalachian mountain territories of North America. It is found in climatic conditions ranging from hemiboreal and orotemperate to cryorotemperate ultrahyperhumid bioclimates.     

Four new hepatics from Australia

Abstract

A new species, Racomitrium patagonicum Bednarek-Ochyra &; Ochyra, is described from southern South America. A herbarium name, R. senile Schimp. in A. Jaeger, is considered synonymous with R. patagonicum and confusion associated with its interpretation is explained. The new species belongs to the type subgenus of Racomitrium and is closely alied to R. lanuginosum (Hedw.) Brid. from which it differs by the very long and broadly decurrent, ruffled or wavy margins of the hyaline hair-point, broadly canaliculate leaves and dull green, strongly papillose laminal cells. Grimmia glacialis Müll. Hal., hom. illeg. (=Racomitrium glaciale Kindb.) from South Georgia is typified and this name is considered synonymous with Racomitrium lanuginosum subsp. lanuginosum. Distribution of the new species is mapped. A key to species of Racomitrium subg. Racomitrium is provided.     

Taxonomic notes on Cheilothela (Lindb.) Broth. and Dicranella (C. Muell.) Schimp.

Abstract

The widespread occurrence of a number of bryophytes on British saltmarshes is reported. The communities in which bryophytes are most frequently found are discussed. These communities are more common on marshes on the west coast of Britain. Differences between moss assemblages on salt marshes in England and Wales and in Scotland are emphasised and the greater range of habitat preference demonstrated by Grimmia maritima in Scotland is commented upon.     

Atlantic bryophytes in Scotland

Summary

A brief overview is given of the importance of Scotland for Atlantic bryophytes within Europe and worldwide. The life strategies of Atlantic species are discussed and the main habitats of Atlantic bryophytes listed. A consideration of the use of distribution data to identify ‘hotspots’ and sites for conservation is made. Grimmia britannica A.J.E. Smith and Marsupella profunda Lindb. are added to the list of Atlantic species in Britain and Ireland.     

James Stirton's new Racomitrium taxa revised

Abstract

Lectotypes are selected of six mosses described by James Stirton. Grimmia sublunda, G. calvescens and G. papillulata are synonyms of Racomitrium sudeticum; R. heterostichum var. amblyphyllum and R. divergens are synonyms of R. heterostichum; Grimmia fuscoviridis is a synonym of Racomitrium ellipticum; and R. consocians is a synonym of R. ericoides.     

Chromosome studies on some Turkish species of Grimmia Hedw.: G. laevigata (Brid.) Brid., G. ovalis (Hedw.) Lindb., G. pulvinata (Hedw.) Sm., G. trichophylla Grev.

In this research, mitotic chromosome numbers in four species of Grimmia Hedw. from Turkey were reported. Mitotic chromosome numbers of three species : Grimmia laevigata (Brid.) Brid. (n = 26), Grimmia ovalis (Hedw.) Lindb. (n = 10), Grimmia pulvinata (Hedw.) Sm. (n = 26) were reported for the first time. Grimmia trichophylla Grev. (n = 13) showed the same chromosome number as in a previous study.     

Uptake of lead by two populations of Grimmia doniana

Abstract

Analyses of populations of Grimmia doniana from Old Red Sandstone walls (Brecon Beacons, Breconshire) and vitrified lead slag (Charterhouse, Somerset) showed the former to have a low and the latter a high lead content. Lead in material from the field was shown to be ionically bound to an extracellular site. Uptake of lead from solutions of lead nitrate was by a passive physical process, without penetration of the cytoplasm. No difference in lead uptake capacity was detected between the two populations. The results are discussed in terms of a natural non-specific lead tolerance mechanism occurring in Grimmia doniana.     

Characterization of ten polymorphic microsatellite loci for the threatened species Grimmia curviseta Bouman (Grimmiaceae,Musci)

Grimmia curviseta Bouman is a moss species endemic to the Canary Islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, which has a very restricted distribution across the summit areas of Tenerife and La Palma islands. Using massive sequencing, we developed ten polymorphic microsatellite markers for this species. The pattern of microsatellite alleles per locus provides preliminary evidence that G. curviseta is allodiploid. The average number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 7, and observed heterozygosities varied from 0.022 to 1.000. A significant genetic differentiation was observed between the Tenerife and La Palma populations, suggesting that there are some limitations to dispersal. This set of microsatellites constitutes a valuable tool to investigate patterns of genetic diversity across the distribution range of G. curviseta, information that may eventually be used to establish conservation strategies for the species. Owing to the cross-amplification with the closely related species Grimmia montana Bruch & Schimp., our study also demonstrates the utility of these markers for population-level genetic analyses in the genus Grimmia.     

Survival of a desiccation-tolerant moss,Grimmia laevigata,beyond its observed microdistributional limits

Abstract

The desiccation-tolerant moss, Grimmia laevigata, dominates the vegetation on exposed granitic boulders at a semi-arid site in southern California but fails to occur in especially xeric microsites, on overhanging surfaces, and on boulders of southfacing hillsides. It was hypothesized that establishment, rather than adult survival, limits the microdistribution of the moss. As predicted, adult plants transplanted to these microsites outside the observed microdistribution of the species showed no evidence of reduced function after one year. However, direct studies of establishment are required to confirm the hypothesis. Differences in net photosynthesis and chlorophyll content among transplants suggested that these characteristics were phentotypically plastic and changed with light availability. In the absence of potential photodamage, G. laevigata can completely conserve chlorophyll during desiccation for at least twenty months.