共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 86 毫秒
1.
Nitric oxide modulates cadmium influx during cadmium-induced programmed cell death in tobacco BY-2 cells 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Nitric oxide (NO) is a bioactive gas and functions as a signaling molecule in plants exposed to diverse biotic and abiotic
stresses including cadmium (Cd2+). Cd2+ is a non-essential and toxic heavy metal, which has been reported to induce programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. Here,
we investigated the role of NO in Cd2+-induced PCD in tobacco BY-2 cells (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Bright Yellow 2). In this work, BY-2 cells exposed to 150 μM CdCl2 underwent PCD with TUNEL-positive nuclei, significant chromatin condensation and the increasing expression of a PCD-related
gene Hsr203J. Accompanied with the occurring of PCD, the production of NO increased significantly. The supplement of NO by sodium nitroprusside
(SNP) had accelerated the PCD, whereas the NO synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) and NO-specific scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO) alleviated this
toxicity. To investigate the mechanism by which NO exerted its function, Cd2+ concentration was measured subsequently. SNP led more Cd2+ content than Cd2+ treatment alone. By contrast, the prevention of NO by l-NAME decreased Cd2+ accumulation. Using the scanning ion-selective electrode technique, we analyzed the pattern and rate of Cd2+ fluxes. This analysis revealed the promotion of Cd2+ influxes into cells by application of SNP, while l-NAME and cPTIO reduced the rate of Cd2+ uptake or even resulted in net Cd2+ efflux. Based on these founding, we concluded that NO played a positive role in CdCl2-induced PCD by modulating Cd2+ uptake and thus promoting Cd2+ accumulation in BY-2 cells. 相似文献
2.
Gangping Hao Xihua Du Faxing Zhao Renjiu Shi Jianmei Wang 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,97(2):175-185
The role of nitric oxide (NO) in UV-B-induced secondary metabolite accumulation in Ginkgo biloba callus was investigated. Overall, UV-B irradiation induced multiple biological responses in callus of G. biloba, including increased both NO production and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and subsequent activation of phenylalanine
ammonium lyase (PAL) and synthesis of flavonoids. Application of NO via the donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) enhanced UV-B-induced
PAL activity and increased accumulation of flavonoids in G. biloba callus. Both, the NOS inhibitor l-NAME (N (G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester) and the NO scavenger c-PTIO (2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide) reduced the
production of NO. Moreover, UV-B-induced increase of PAL activity and flavonoid accumulation were suppressed by l-NAME and c-PTIO. These findings suggested a causal relationship between NO release and both PAL activity and flavonoid accumulation
under UV-B irradiation. In addition, it also indicated that NO, produced via NOS-like activity in ginkgo callus subjected
to UV-B irradiation, might act as an essential signaling molecule for triggering the activation of PAL and synthesis of flavonoids.
Additionally, a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinequinone (LY-83583) prevented both UV-B- and SNP-induced
enhancement of PAL activation and flavonoid biosynthesis thus suggesting that the NO function was mediated by cyclic guanosine
5’-monophosphate. However, these effects of c-PTIO, l-NAME, and LY-83583 were partial, thus suggesting that there were NO-independent pathways in UV-B signaling networks.
Gangping Hao and Xihua Du are contributed equally to this article. 相似文献
3.
Involvement of nitric oxide-induced NADPH oxidase in adventitious root growth and antioxidant defense in Panax ginseng 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rajesh Kumar Tewari Soohyun Kim Eun-Joo Hahn Kee-Yoeup Paek 《Plant biotechnology reports》2008,2(2):113-122
Nitric oxide (NO) affects the growth and development of plants and also affects plant responses to various stresses. Because
NO induces root differentiation, we examined whether or not it is involved in increased ROS generation. Treatments with sodium
nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor, 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scavenger,
and Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME), an NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, revealed that NO is involved in the adventitious root growth of mountain ginseng.
Supply of an NO donor, SNP, activates NADPH oxidase activity, resulting in increased generation of O2
·−, which subsequently induces growth of adventitious roots. Moreover, treatment with diphenyliodonium chloride (DPI), an NADPH
oxidase inhibitor, individually or with SNP, inhibited root growth, NADPH oxidase activity, and O2
·− anion generation. Supply of the NO donor, SNP, did not induce any notable isoforms of enzymes; it did, however, increase
the activity of pre-existing bands of NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and
glutathione reductase. Enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes induced by SNP supply seems to be responsible for a low level
of H2O2 in the adventitious roots of mountain ginseng. It was therefore concluded that NO-induced generation of O2
·− by NADPH oxidase seems to have a role in adventitious root growth of mountain ginseng. The possible mechanism of NO involvement
in O2
·− generation through NADPH oxidase and subsequent root growth is discussed. 相似文献
4.
Brief limb ischemia was reported to protect neurons against injury induced by subsequent cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and
this phenomenon is known as limb ischemic preconditioning (LIP). To explore the role of nitric oxide (NO) in neuroprotection
of LIP in rats, we observed changes in the content of nitric oxide (NO) and activity of NO synthase (NOS) in the serum and
CA1 hippocampus of rats after transient limb ischemic preconditioning (LIP), and the influence of NG-nitro-l-arginine methylester (l-NAME), a NOS inhibitor, on the neuroprotection of LIP against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Results showed that NO
content and NOS activity in serum increased significantly after LIP compared with the sham group. The increase showed a double
peak pattern, in which the first one appeared at time 0 (immediate time point) and the second one appeared at 48 h after the
LIP (P < 0.01). The NO content and NOS activity in the CA1 hippocampus in LIP group showed similar change pattern with the changes
in the serum, except for the first peak of up-regulation of NO content and NOS activity appeared at 6 h after LIP. Pretreatment
with l-NAME before LIP blocked the neuroprotection of LIP against subsequent cerebral ischemic insult. The blocking effect of l-NAME was abolished with pretreatment of l-Arg. These findings indicated that NO may be associated with the tolerance of pyramidal cells in the CA1 hippocampus to ischemia
induced by LIP in rats. 相似文献
5.
Nupur Srivastava Vijay K. Gonugunta Mallikarjuna R. Puli Agepati S. Raghavendra 《Planta》2009,229(4):757-765
The effects of chitosan (β-1,4 linked glucosamine, a fungal elicitor), on the patterns of stomatal movement and signaling
components were studied. cPTIO (NO scavenger), sodium tungstate (nitrate reductase inhibitor) or l-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor) restricted the chitosan induced stomatal closure, demonstrating that NO is an essential factor.
Similarly, catalase (H2O2 scavenger) or DPI [NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor] and BAPTA-AM or BAPTA (calcium chelators) prevented chitosan induced stomatal
closure, suggesting that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium were involved during such response. Monitoring the NO and
ROS production in guard cells by fluorescent probes (DAF-2DA and H2DCFDA) indicated that on exposure to chitosan, the levels of NO rose after only 10 min, while those of ROS increased already
by 5 min. cPTIO or sodium tungstate or l-NAME prevented the rise in NO levels but did not restrict the ROS production. In contrast, catalase or DPI restricted the
chitosan-induced production of both ROS and NO in guard cells. The calcium chelators, BAPTA-AM or BAPTA, did not have a significant
effect on the chitosan induced rise in NO or ROS. We propose that the production of NO is an important signaling component
and participates downstream of ROS production. The effects of chitosan strike a marked similarity with those of ABA or MJ
on guard cells and indicate the convergence of their signal transduction pathways leading to stomatal closure.
Nupur Srivastava and Vijay K. Gonugunta have contributed equally. 相似文献
6.
7.
Hong E Larios F Gómez-Viquez NL Huang F Bravo G 《Journal of physiology and biochemistry》2011,67(3):427-435
The contribution of α-adrenoceptors and nitric oxide (NO) on the alterations of sympathetically mediated cardiovascular responses
after acute (AcH) and chronic (ChH) hypertension was evaluated in pithed aortic coarcted hypertensive rats. Pressor and tachycardia
response produced by electrical stimulation of preganglionic sympathetic fibers or exogenous noradrenaline (NA) were recorded
in the absence and presence of prazosin (α1-antagonist), rauwolscine (α2-antagonist), or N
G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME; an inhibitor of NO synthase). Compared with age-matched sham-operated rats (Nt), the pressor response produced by electrical
stimulation or NA was smaller in AcH rats and larger in ChH rats. Prazosin caused a decrease of pressor response elicited
by electrical stimulation or NA in all groups. However, this effect was higher in ChH. Rauwolscine produced a similar increase
of sympathetically mediated pressor response in Nt and AcH rats. Nevertheless, this antagonist did not affect the sympathetically
mediated pressor response in ChH rats. In addition, rauwolscine did not affect the NA-induced pressor response in all groups.
The pressor response elicited by l-NAME was larger in all groups compared without l-NAME and in presence of l-arginine. Moreover, l-NAME in the presence of NA increased sympathetically mediated pressor response is in all groups, compared without it or in
the presence of l-arginine. Compared with Nt, basally produced NO in aortic rings was increased in AcH but decreased in ChH. Collectively,
our data suggest that decreased cardiovascular reactivity in AcH is due to an increase in basally produced NO. In ChH, enhanced
cardiovascular response appears to be associated with a decrease in produced NO and an increase in released NA from sympathetic
nerves. 相似文献
8.
Bessem Mornagui Raja Rezg Abir Grissa Monique Duvareille Claude Gharib Abdelaziz Kamoun Saloua El-Fazaa Najoua Gharbi 《Journal of physiology and biochemistry》2010,66(4):271-281
Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived radical that functions as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and plays a
physiological role in the regulation of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and vasopressinergic axis. In the present study,
we aimed to investigate the interaction between the generation of NO and vasopressin (AVP) and corticosterone release after
3 days of water deprivation in rats. Animals were previously treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) saline or l-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) injection. l-NAME is a nonspecific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases. In control rats given i.p. saline or l-NAME, hypothalamic, pituitary, and plasma AVP levels and plasma corticosterone did not change from baseline levels (p > 0.05). Three days of water deprivation increased significantly the corticosterone levels in plasma (p < 0.01) and AVP levels in hypothalamus and plasma (p < 0.01), but not in pituitary, which showed a significant decrease. These variations were concomitant with the elevation
of nitrates/nitrates in plasma. l-NAME injection abolished significantly (p < 0.01) the elevation of plasma corticosterone and hypothalamic AVP levels induced by water deprivation. These findings showed
that in water-deprived rats, nitric oxide synthase inhibition by l-NAME inhibits corticosterone and vasopressin release, suggesting a potent stimulatory role of NO. 相似文献
9.
Highly metastatic ras/myc-transformed serum-free mouse embryo (r/m HM-SFME-1) cells were injected subcutaneously to mice and the effects of Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) on the tumor progression and pulmonary metastasis were investigated. In addition, production of nitric oxide (NO), matrix
metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the tumor cells and in a mouse macrophage-like cell line,
J774.1 cells, was analyzed. The increase in footpad thickness was significantly smaller in the mice which were fed the l-NAME containing water (4.24 ± 0.39 mg/day/mouse). The number of the tumor cells metastasized to the lungs was smaller in
the l-NAME treated mice, although statistical significance was not found. Co-treatment of r/m HM-SFME-1 cells with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ; 100 U/ml) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0.5 μg/ml) significantly enhanced NO
production, and the presence of l-NAME at 1 mM significantly decreased this response. In r/m HM-SFME-1 cells, MMP-2 was undetectable and MMP-9 was also very little in the basal level, and both MMPs were unaffected
by the IFN-γ and/or LPS treatments, not to mention by the l-NAME treatment. In J774.1 cells, any treatment including LPS appeared to enhance MMP-9 production, however, this upregulation
was not inhibited by the additional presence of l-NAME. Production of TNF-α by J774.1 cells was markedly enhanced with LPS treatment, and this enhancement was significantly
reduced in the presence of l-NAME. These results indicate that the inhibitory effects of l-NAME on the tumor cell progression and pulmonary metastasis could be due to suppression of NO from tumor cells and TNF-α
from macrophages (Mol Cell Biochem, 2007).
Hideaki Yamaguchi and Yumi Kidachi contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
10.
Lucas Martins Zimmer-Prados Ana Sílvia Franco Pinheiro Moreira Jose Ronaldo Magalhaes Marcel Giovanni Costa França 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2014,20(3):295-301
Drought stress is one of the most intensively studied and widespread constraints, and nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule involved in the mediation of abiotic stresses in plants. We demonstrated that a sprayed solution of NO from donor sodium nitroprusside increased drought stress tolerance responses in both sensitive (Phaseolus vulgaris) and tolerant (Vigna unguiculata) beans. In intact plants subjected to halting irrigation, NO increased the leaf relative water content and stomatal conductance in both species. After cutting leaf discs and washing them, NO induced increased electrolyte leakage, which was more evident in the tolerant species. These leaf discs were then subjected to different water deficits, simulating moderate and severe drought stress conditions through polyethylene glycol solutions. NO supplied at moderate drought stress revealed a reduced membrane injury index in sensitive species. In hydrated discs and at this level of water deficit, NO increased the electron transport rate in both species, and a reduction of these rates was observed at severe stress levels. Taken together, it can be shown that NO has an effective role in ameliorating drought stress effects, activating tolerance responses at moderate water deficit levels and in both bean species which present differential drought tolerance. 相似文献
11.
Letícia F. de Sousa Paulo E. de Menezes-Silva Lucas L. Lourenço Jeroni Galmés Aline C. Guimarães Aline F. da Silva Ana P. dos Reis Lima Liliane M. M. Henning Alan C. Costa Fabiano G. Silva Fernanda dos Santos Farnese 《Physiologia plantarum》2020,168(3):576-589
A variety of cellular responses is needed to ensure the plants survival during drought, but little is known about the signaling mechanisms involved in this process. Soybean cultivars (EMBRAPA 48 and BR 16, tolerant and sensitive to drought, respectively) were exposed to the following treatments: control conditions (plants in field capacity), drought (20% of available water in the soil), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) treatment (plants irrigated and treated with 100-µM SNP [SNP–nitric oxide (NO) donor molecule], and Drought + SNP (plants subjected to drought and SNP treatment). Plants remained in these conditions until the reproductive stage and were evaluated for physiological (photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange rates), hydraulic (water potential, osmotic potential and leaf hydraulic conductivity) and morpho-anatomical traits (biomass, venation density and stomatal characterization). Exposure to water deficit considerably reduced water potential in both cultivars and resulted in decrease in photosynthesis and biomass accumulation. The addition of the NO donor attenuated these damaging effects of water deficit and increased the tolerance index of both cultivars. The results showed that NO was able to reduce plant's water loss, while maintaining their biomass production through alteration in stomatal characteristics, hydraulic conductivity and the biomass distribution pattern. These hydraulic and morpho-anatomical alterations allowed the plants to obtain, transport and lose less water to the atmosphere, even in water deficit conditions. 相似文献
12.
Jun Young Choi Young Sam Seo Su Jin Kim Woo Taek Kim Jeong Sheop Shin 《Plant cell reports》2011,30(5):879-881
The hot pepper xyloglucan endo-trans-gluco-sylase/hydrolase (CaXTH3) gene that was inducible by a broad spectrum of abiotic stresses in hot pepper has been reported to enhance tolerance to
drought and high salinity in transgenic Arabidopsis. To assess whether CaXTH3 is a practically useful target gene for improving the stress tolerance of crop plants, we ectopically over-expressed the
full-length CaXTH3 cDNA in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Dotaerang) and found that the 35S:CaXTH3 transgenic tomato plants exhibited a markedly increased tolerance to salt and drought stresses. Transgenic tomato plants
exposed to a salt stress of 100 mM NaCl retained the chlorophyll in their leaves and showed normal root elongation. They also
remained green and unwithered following exposure to 2 weeks of dehydration. A high proportion of stomatal closures in 35S:CaXTH3 was likely to be conferred by increased cell-wall remodeling activity of CaXTH3 in guard cell, which may reduce transpirational
water loss in response to dehydration stress. Despite this increased stress tolerance, the transgenic tomato plants showed
no detectable phenotype defects, such as abnormal morphology and growth retardation, under normal growth conditions. These
results raise the possibility that CaXTH3 gene is appropriate for application in genetic engineering strategies aimed at improving abiotic stress tolerance in agriculturally
and economically valuable crop plants. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
The aim of this study was to determine the levels of tissue and blood zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg) in nitric oxide
(NO) synthase blockade-induced hypertension. A group of albino rats received a NO synthase inhibitor, N
G
-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (l-NAME, 60 mg/kg/d) in their drinking water for 21 d. l-NAME intake caused a progressive rise in this group’s resting mean arterial blood pressure compared to a control group (p<0.01). There were no differences between the groups with regard to tissue and blood levels of Zn or Cu; however, Mg concentrations
were significantly lower in the hypertensive rats’ erythrocytes (20.2% reduction from control levels), cerebral cortex (17.0%),
heart (9.1%), renal cortex (12%), renal medulla (16.7%), and in the tissues of the caval vein (23.7%), mesenteric artery (29.8%),
renal artery (18.4%), and renal vein (22.1%). There were no significant Mg concentration changes in the hypertensive group’s
plasma, cerebellum, liver, duodenum, or aortal tissue. These findings suggest that Mg depletion may play a role in the blood
pressure rise that occurs in the model of chronic NO synthase inhibition-induced hypertension. 相似文献
16.
Beatriz Sánchez-Romera Rosa Porcel Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano Ricardo Aroca 《Symbiosis (Philadelphia, Pa.)》2018,74(1):11-20
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is known to help the host plant to overcome environmental stresses as drought by a combination of multiple mechanisms including enhancing of root water uptake capacity. On the other hand, Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in regulating the response of plants to environmental stresses and colonization process of AM fungi. The objective of this research was to study how AM and non-AM lettuce plants responded to a NO donor (sodium nitroprusside; SNP) or to a NO synthesis inhibitor (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride; L-NAME) under well watered and drought conditions. Most remarkable results were that L-NAME increased the percentage of AM colonized roots under both water regimes and AM plants modified the shoot:root ratio by both chemicals under well watered conditions. Also, the deleterious effects of SNP treatment were partially prevented by AM symbiosis. Moreover, NO could be involved in the diminution of leaf water content under drought conditions, and SNP treatment seems to favor apoplastic water path inside roots. Therefore, different outcomes of relative water content, stomatal conductance and root hydraulic conductivity observed between AM and non-AM plants could be mediated by NO. 相似文献
17.
We examined the effect of aluminum on the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during nitric oxide-blockade-induced
chronic hypertension in rats. Animals were given the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, l-NAME (N
ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester), for 4 wk to induce chronic hypertension. Two groups of rats were given an intraperitoneal injection
of aluminum chloride. The integrity of the BBB was assessed by a quantitative measurement for Evans blue (EB) dye. The arterial
blood pressure in l-NAME- and l-NAME plus aluminum-treated animals was significantly elevated from 115±2.8 and 110±1.7 mm Hg to 174±5.2 and 175±4.8 mm Hg,
respectively (p<0.01). The EB dye content in the brain regions of the rats in the l-NAME group was increased, but there was no statistical significance compared to the saline group. The extravasation of EB
dye was significantly increased in the brain regions of the animals treated with aluminum compared to the rats treated with
saline (p<0.05). A significantly higher EB dye content in the brain regions was observed in the l-NAME plus aluminium group compared to l-NAME, aluminum, and saline groups (p<0.01). These findings indicate that exposure to a high level of aluminum leads to an additional increase in BBB permeability
where nitric oxide-blockade-induced chronic hypertension potentiates the effect of aluminum to enhance BBB permeability to
EB dye. 相似文献
18.
19.
Yiming Zhang Jinfen Yang Shaoyun Lu Jiongliang Cai Zhenfei Guo 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2008,27(2):151-158
Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant adaptive responses to various environmental stresses. 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) is the key enzyme of ABA biosynthesis in higher plants. A NCED gene, SgNCED1, was overexpressed in transgenic tobacco plants which resulted in 51–77% more accumulation of ABA in leaves. Transgenic tobacco
plants decreased stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and photosynthetic rate but induced activities of superoxide dismutase
(SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate-peroxidase (APX). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) in leaves were also induced in the transgenic plants. Compared to the wild-type control, the transgenic
plants improved growth under 0.1 M mannitol-induced drought stress and 0.1 M NaCl-induced salinity stress. It is suggested
that the ABA-induced H2O2 and NO generation upregulates the stomatal closure and antioxidant enzymes, and therefore increases drought and salinity
tolerance in the transgenic plants. 相似文献
20.
The pepper late embryogenesis abundant protein CaLEA1 acts in regulating abscisic acid signaling,drought and salt stress response 下载免费PDF全文
As sessile organisms, plants are constantly challenged by environmental stresses, including drought and high salinity. Among the various abiotic stresses, osmotic stress is one of the most important factors for growth and significantly reduces crop productivity in agriculture. Here, we report a function of the CaLEA1 protein in the defense responses of plants to osmotic stress. Our analyses showed that the CaLEA1 gene was strongly induced in pepper leaves exposed to drought and increased salinity. Furthermore, we determined that the CaLEA1 protein has a late embryogenesis abundant (LEA)_3 homolog domain highly conserved among other known group 5 LEA proteins and is localized in the processing body. We generated CaLEA1‐silenced peppers and CaLEA1‐overexpressing (OX) transgenic Arabidopsis plants to evaluate their responses to dehydration and high salinity. Virus‐induced gene silencing of CaLEA1 in pepper plants conferred enhanced sensitivity to drought and salt stresses, which was accompanied by high levels of lipid peroxidation in dehydrated and NaCl‐treated leaves. CaLEA1‐OX plants exhibited enhanced sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) during seed germination and in the seedling stage; furthermore, these plants were more tolerant to drought and salt stress than the wild‐type plants because of enhanced stomatal closure and increased expression of stress‐responsive genes. Collectively, our data suggest that CaLEA1 positively regulates drought and salinity tolerance through ABA‐mediated cell signaling. 相似文献