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氧化亚铁硫杆菌亚铁氧化系统的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans)为无机化能自养菌,革兰氏阴性,能在极端酸性环境中生长.由于在生物冶金中的应用及特殊的生理学效应,该菌受到研究者的广泛关注.A.ferrooxidans能氧化亚铁、元素硫及还原态硫化物获得电子,并通过一系列电子载体将电子传递给氧生成水,同时释放能量供生命活动需要.目前对A.ferrooxidans电子传递系统的研究主要集中于亚铁氧化电子传递系统,已发现多种与亚铁氧化电子传递相关电子载体和操纵子,如电子载体铜蓝蛋白(Rustocyanin,Rus)、细胞色素C(Cytochrome C,Cyc)、细胞色素C氧化酶(Cytochrome Coxidase,Cox)、亚铁氧化酶(Iro)、细胞色素bc1复合物(cytochrome bc1 complex,bc1)等,以及rus操纵子和pet操纵子.综述了近年来有关A.ferrooxidans 亚铁氧化电子传递链相关蛋白载体,rus和pet操纵子结构与功能及表达调控等方面的研究进展. 相似文献
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氧化亚铁硫杆菌的铁和硫氧化系统及其分子遗传学 总被引:18,自引:2,他引:18
氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Thiobacillus ferrooxidans)是典型的化能自养菌,由于能生长在亚铁,元素硫和硫化物矿物上,因而成为生物湿法治金(Biohydrometallurgy)中最有应用价值的一个种。目前南非,美国,加拿大等国应用它提取铜,铀,金等已获得工业生产,另外它在煤和原油的脱硫方面也展现了广阔的应用前景[1]。多年来,我们对氧化亚铁硫杆菌在冶金和煤脱硫方面的应用研究也取得一定进展,如铜,铀,锰,金等金属提取,有的已进行了扩大试验或半工业试验[2,3]。 相似文献
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实验用Ms培养基,利用去除铁离子的氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Thiobacillus ferrooxidans)进行了细菌亚硫酸盐的生长代谢研究。实验结果表明氧化亚铁硫杆菌对亚硫酸根具有一定的氧化能力。用Origin 7.0对实验数据进行拟合处理,表明了氧化亚铁硫杆菌催化氧化亚硫酸盐的动力学方程符合Hill方程。氧化亚铁硫杆菌催化氧化亚硫酸盐是一个底物抑制的细胞反应,其KS值随pH值和底物浓度的改变而变化。pH值对反应有很大的影响,pH值越接近中性KS就越小,反应速率就越大。 相似文献
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氧化亚铁硫杆菌是一个具有很强生物浸矿能力的细菌,本文对3株分离得到的氧化亚铁硫杆菌及一株来自菌种中心(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans A.f)的铁氧化活性及其这些菌株对低品位黄铜矿浸出速率进行了研究。结果显示,在所有的4株A.f菌中,菌株CMS—F1和F10—ATCCC23270的铁氧化活性较高,其对黄铜矿生物浸出速率也高。进一步分析亚铁氧化活性对生物浸矿效率的影响时发现,在A.f菌中,氧化活性高的菌株,其对低品位黄铜矿的生物浸出效果也高。 相似文献
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【目的】铁硫簇是最古老的一种氧化还原中心,它普遍存在于所有生命体内,在光合作用、呼吸作用和固氮作用这三个地球生命最基本的代谢途径中扮演着重要的角色。【方法】以嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(A.ferrooxidans ATCC 23270)基因组为模板,克隆表达其ISC铁硫簇组装的3个核心蛋白,IscS(半胱氨酸脱硫酶蛋白)、IscU(支架蛋白)和IscA(铁供体蛋白)。【结果】研究发现IscS能催化半胱氨酸脱硫,为铁硫簇的组装提供硫,支架蛋白IscU不具备结合铁的能力,IscA具有较强的铁结合能力。【结论】铁硫簇体外组装证明Fe-IscA在体外能将结合的铁传递给IscS,并在IscU上进行铁硫簇的组装。 相似文献
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氧化亚铁硫杆菌对金属铜的加工 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
材料加工的传统技术包括物理方法和化学方法。当今 ,生物技术已进入各个领域 ,也渗透到材料加工领域。因此 ,材料加工技术也包括生物方法。根据加工工件体积变化 ,生物方法加工分为生物去除加工 (Removal)、生物沉积加工 (Addition)和生物成形加工 (Deformation)。研究生物加工方法的最早报导是 1 993年日本冈山大学宇野义幸等人[1~ 3] ,证实了细菌对纯铁、纯铜去除加工的可能性以及附加电场的作用。国内的研究工作进一步证实了生物加工能力 ,并加工出微小齿轮[4~5] 。本文报导氧化亚铁硫杆菌 (Thiobac… 相似文献
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A statistical relationship between the rate of ferric ion production by a strain of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and various levels of cell concentration, Fe2+ concentration, Na+ concentration, and temperature was studied by a direct colorimetric method at 304 nm. The relationship was linear (90 to 93%), cross-product (3 to 4%), and quadratic (1 to 2%). The levels of cell concentration and Fe2+ concentration and their respective interactions with one another and the other factors had the most significant effects on the regression models. The solution of the quadratic response surface for optimum oxidation was a saddle point, and the predicted critical levels of temperature, cell concentration, Fe2+ concentration, and Na+ concentration ranged between −6 and 2°C, 0.43 and 0.62 mg/ml, 72 and 233 mM, and 29.6 mM, respectively. 相似文献
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Oxidation of Ferrous Iron and Elemental Sulfur by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Romilio T. Espejo Blanca Escobar Eugenia Jedlicki Paulina Uribe Ricardo Badilla-Ohlbaum 《Applied microbiology》1988,54(7):1694-1699
The oxidation of ferrous iron and elemental sulfur by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans that was absorbed and unabsorbed onto the surface of sulfur prills was studied. Unadsorbed sulfur-grown cells oxidized ferrous iron at a rate that was 3 to 7 times slower than that of ferrous iron-grown cells, but sulfur-grown cells were able to reach the oxidation rate of the ferrous iron-adapted cells after only 1.5 generations in a medium containing ferrous iron. Bacteria that were adsorbed to sulfur prills oxidized ferrous iron at a rate similar to that of unadsorbed sulfur-grown bacteria. They also showed the enhancement of ferrous iron oxidation activity in the presence of ferrous iron, even though sulfur continued to be available to the bacteria in this case. An increase in the level of rusticyanin together with the enhancement of the ferrous iron oxidation rate were observed in both sulfur-adsorbed and unadsorbed cells. On the other hand, sulfur oxidation by the adsorbed bacteria was not affected by the presence of ferrous iron in the medium. When bacteria that were adsorbed to sulfur prills were grown at a higher pH (ca. 2.5) in the presence of ferrous iron, they rapidly lost both ferrous iron and sulfur oxidation capacities and became inactive, apparently because of the deposition of a jarosite-like precipitate onto the surface to which they were attached. 相似文献
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Tsuyoshi Sugio Kouichi Hirayama Kenji Inagaki Hidehiko Tanaka Tatsuo Tano 《Applied microbiology》1992,58(5):1768-1771
Thiobacillus ferrooxidans AP19-3 oxidized molybdenum blue (Mo5+) enzymatically. Molybdenum oxidase in the plasma membrane of this bacterium was purified ca. 77-fold compared with molybdenum oxidase in cell extract. A purified molybdenum oxidase showed characteristic absorption maxima due to reduced-type cytochrome oxidase at 438 and 595 nm but did not show absorption peaks specific for c-type cytochrome. The optimum pH of molybdenum oxidase was 5.5. The activity of molybdenum oxidase was completely inhibited by sodium cyanide (5 mM) or carbon monoxide, and an oxidized type of cytochrome oxidase in a purified molybdenum oxidase was reduced by molybdenum blue, indicating that cytochrome oxidase in the enzyme plays a crucial role in molybdenum blue oxidation. 相似文献
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Growth and iron oxidation by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans are affected by the presence of silver, molybdenum, uranium and copper. Growth is more sensitive to the presence of these metals than the iron oxidation system of the bacterium. Silver toxicity is much more specific than molybdenum and uranium. Iron oxidation is inhibited at only 0.1 parts/106 of silver which is 300 and 5000 times less than the minimum inhibitory concentration of molybdenum and uranium, respectively. Copper and zinc at concentrations as high as 2000 and 15 000 parts/106 , respectively, have no influence on the iron oxidation rate. In the presence of silver, molybdenum, uranium and copper below their minimum inhibitory concentrations as well as in the absence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, iron oxidation is not coupled to growth. 相似文献
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Thomas D. Brock 《Applied microbiology》1975,29(4):495-501
The effect of water potential on the growth of two strains of Thiobacillus ferroxidans was determined by adding defined amounts of sodium chloride or glycerol to the culture medium. The two strains differed slightly, and the most tolerant strain had a minimum water potential for growth of -15 to -32 bars when sodium chloride was used and -6 bars when glycerol was used. In another approach, the limiting water potential was determined by equilibrating small amounts of culture medium with atmospheres of relative humidities equivalent to specific water potentials, and the ability of the organism to grow and oxidize ferrous iron was determined. Under these conditions, which are analogous to those which might control water potential in a coal refuse pile or copper leaching dump, the lower limit at which iron oxidation occurred was -23 bars. The water potential of some coal refuse materials in which T. ferrooxidans was present were determined, and it was found that the water potentials at which the organism was active in these habitats were similar to those at which it was able to grow in culture. However, marked variation in water potential of coal refuse materials was found, presumably due to differences in clays and organic materials, and some coal refuse materials would probably never have water potentials at which the organism could grow. Some literature on the water potentials in copper leach dumps is reviewed, and it is concluded that control of water potential is essential to maximize the success of leaching operations. Because adequate drainage is necessary in a leach dump to ensure sufficient aeration, in many cases water availability in leach dumps may restrict the development of the bacterium necessary for the process. 相似文献
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Iron Oxidation and Precipitation of Ferric Hydroxysulfates by Resting Thiobacillus ferrooxidans Cells 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
The oxidation of ferrous ions, in acid solution, by resting suspensions of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans produced sediments consisting of crystalline jarosites, amorphous ferric hydroxysulfates, or both. These products differed conspicuously in chemical composition and infrared spectra from precipitates formed by abiotic oxidation under similar conditions. The amorphous sediments, produced by bacterial oxidation, exhibited a distinctive fibroporous microstructure when examined by scanning electron microscopy. Infrared spectra indicated outer-sphere coordination of Fe(III) by sulfate ions, as well as inner-sphere coordination by water molecules and bridging hydroxo groups. In the presence of excess sulfate and appropriate monovalent cations, jarosites, instead of amorphous ferric hydroxysulfates, precipitated from bacterially oxidized iron solutions. It is proposed that the jarositic precipitates result from the conversion of outer-sphere (Td) sulfate, present in a soluble polymeric Fe(III) complex, to inner-sphere (C3v) bridging sulfate. The amorphous precipitates result from the further polymerization of hydroxo-linked iron octahedra and charge stabilized aggregation of the resulting iron complexes in solution. This view was supported by observations that bacterially oxidized iron solutions gave rise to either amorphous or jarositic sediments in response to ionic environments imposed after oxidation had been completed and the bacteria had been removed by filtration. 相似文献
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Selective Inhibition of the Oxidation of Ferrous Iron or Sulfur in Thiobacillus ferrooxidans 下载免费PDF全文
The oxidation of either ferrous iron or sulfur by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was selectively inhibited or controlled by various anions, inhibitors, and osmotic pressure. Iron oxidation was more sensitive than sulfur oxidation to inhibition by chloride, phosphate, and nitrate at low concentrations (below 0.1 M) and also to inhibition by azide and cyanide. Sulfur oxidation was more sensitive than iron oxidation to the inhibitory effect of high osmotic pressure. These differences were evident not only between iron oxidation by iron-grown cells and sulfur oxidation by sulfur-grown cells but also between the iron and sulfur oxidation activities of the same iron-grown cells. Growth experiments with ferrous iron or sulfur as an oxidizable substrate confirmed the higher sensitivity of iron oxidation to inhibition by phosphate, chloride, azide, and cyanide. Sulfur oxidation was actually stimulated by 50 mM phosphate or chloride. Leaching of Fe and Zn from pyrite (FeS2) and sphalerite (ZnS) by T. ferrooxidans was differentially affected by phosphate and chloride, which inhibited the solubilization of Fe without significantly affecting the solubilization of Zn. 相似文献
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氧化亚铁硫杆菌的形态及对Fe2+的氧化研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在纯培养的条件下,对江西德兴铜矿酸性矿坑水中分离出的一株氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Thiobacillus ferrooxidans)的细胞形态、生长条件以及对Fe2 的氧化进行了初步研究。透射电子显微镜检查的结果表明,其成熟菌体大小均一,有较好的运动性;采用光学显微镜对微生物进行菌群观测和利用血小板计数器法对细菌计数的结果表明,在摇床转速为160r/min的条件下,T.f.菌在9K液体培养基中最适生长条件为温度30℃左右,最佳初始pH 2.0;用重铬酸钾滴定法测定铁的结果表明,在摇床转速为160r/min的条件下,pH值1.7,温度30℃时T.f.菌对Fe2 的氧化速率最大,约为0.58g/L·h。 相似文献
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A E Torma 《Canadian journal of microbiology》1978,24(7):888-891
The bacterial oxidation of naturally occurring gallium-bearing chalcopyrite concentrate and a pure synthetic gallium (III) sulfide has been investigated at pH 1.8 and 35 degree C, using an active culture of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. This oxidation process may proceed by direct or by indirect bacterial action. The highest dissolved gallium and copper concentrations were about 2.2 and 40.2 g/l, respectively. The order of the specific rate of oxygen uptake by T. ferrooxidans in approximately CuFES2 greater than or equal to gallium-bearing CuFeS2 greater than FeS2 greater than Cu2S greater than Cu2S greater than Ga2S3. 相似文献
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Competitive Inhibition of Ferrous Iron Oxidation by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans by Increasing Concentrations of Cells 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
The oxidation of ferrous iron (Fe2+) to ferric iron (Fe3+) with dioxygen (O2) by various strains of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was studied by measuring the rate of O2 consumption at various Fe2+ concentrations and cell concentrations. The apparent Km values for Fe2+ remained constant at different cell concentrations of laboratory strains ATCC 13661 and ATCC 19859 but increased with increasing cell concentrations of mine isolates SM-4 and SM-5. The latter results are explained by the competitive inhibition of the Fe2+-binding site of a cell by other cells in the reaction mixture. Possible mechanisms involving cell surface properties are discussed. 相似文献