HCV E2蛋白诱导的体液免疫及CTL应答研究

应用PCR方法扩增出HCVE2基因编码417a.a～750a.a的DNA片段,克隆到原核表达载体pQE30 LacZ启动子下游,转化JM109菌株.在JM109菌株中诱导表达出N端含6个组氨酸的E2融合蛋白,用Ni-NTA-Superflow亲和层析柱纯化作为抗原免疫实验兔和BALB/c鼠.定期取免血,采用间接ELISA方法检测兔子体内针对E2的抗体水平和维持规律.结果显示,距初次免疫14d兔子体内已有抗体产生,直至免疫第55d抗体水平持续上升,之后抗体水平保持稳定,抗体滴度达到13200.六周后,取鼠脾脏制备淋巴细胞,定向刺激扩增后与经过重组真核表达质粒pCE2转染的P815细胞作用,利用LDH释放试验检测作用效果.在ET=2001的情况下,杀伤率超过30%.这些结果表明工程菌株表达的HCV E2蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,可以诱发免疫实验动物机体产生较高滴度的抗体及特异性CTL应答.由此我们认为E2蛋白是发展HCV预防工程蛋白疫苗的合适候选者.     

Flt3配体增强HCV核心 包膜E2融合基因DNA疫苗诱导的细胞免疫应答

建立一种可高效诱导细胞免疫应答,对丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染可能起预防和治疗作用的DNA疫苗。将小鼠Flt3配体（FL）信号肽和胞外段cDNA插入结构优化的HCV核心包膜E2融合抗原DNA疫苗pST-CE2t,构建成pST-CE2t/FL。将pSTCE2t/FL转染COS7细胞,Western blot和ELISA检测表明该重组质粒能表达HCV核心包膜E2融合抗原和可溶性小鼠FL。分别将pST-CE2t、pST-CE2t/FL和空载体pCI-neo肌肉注射接种BALB/c小鼠,检测小鼠的体液和细胞免疫应答。结果表明两种DNA结构均能在小鼠体内诱生细胞和体液免疫应答,但pST-CE2t诱导的体液免疫应答强于pST-CE2t/FL,而后者诱导的细胞免疫应答明显强于前者。FL能明显增强HCV核心包膜E2融合抗原DNA疫苗诱导的细胞免疫应答,对于发展HCV预防和治疗性疫苗有潜在的应用价值。     

Flt3配体增强HCV核心-包膜E2融合基因DNA疫苗诱导的细胞免疫应答

建立一种可高效诱导细胞免疫应答 ,对丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)感染可能起预防和治疗作用的DNA疫苗。将小鼠Flt3配体 (FL)信号肽和胞外段cDNA插入结构优化的HCV核心 包膜E2融合抗原DNA疫苗pST CE2t,构建成pST CE2t FL。将pST CE2t FL转染COS7细胞 ,Westernblot和ELISA检测表明该重组质粒能表达HCV核心 包膜E2融合抗原和可溶性小鼠FL。分别将pST CE2t、pST CE2t FL和空载体pCI neo肌肉注射接种BALB c小鼠 ,检测小鼠的体液和细胞免疫应答。结果表明两种DNA结构均能在小鼠体内诱生细胞和体液免疫应答 ,但pST CE2t诱导的体液免疫应答强于pST CE2t FL ,而后者诱导的细胞免疫应答明显强于前者。FL能明显增强HCV核心 包膜E2融合抗原DNA疫苗诱导的细胞免疫应答 ,对于发展HCV预防和治疗性疫苗有潜在的应用价值。     

HCV核心蛋白诱导Cos-7细胞凋亡

将丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)核心蛋白(Core)基因的全长序列插入到真核表达载体pCDNA3 CMV启动子下游,构建真核表达载体pCDNA3-Core,用脂质体LipoVecTM转染Cos-7细胞系进行瞬时表达;DNA转染24h后用免疫斑点试验检测在细胞中表达的Core蛋白;转染72h后用Hoechst染色和DNA Ladder检测Cos-7细胞的凋亡情况;荧光染色观察到了细胞凋亡核碎裂,琼脂糖凝胶电泳也呈现出180-200bp整数倍的梯形带,呈现典型的细胞凋亡特征.这些结果表明HCV Core蛋白的表达能引起Cos-7细胞凋亡,Core蛋白的这种功能可能在HCV的持续感染过程中起着一定的作用.     

HCV核心蛋白诱导Cos—7细胞凋亡

将丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)核心蛋白(Core)基因的全长序列插入到真核表达载体pCDNA3 CMV启动子下游,构建真核表达载体pCDNA3—Core,用脂质体LipoVec^TM转染Cos—7细胞系进行瞬时表达;DNA转染24h后用免疫斑点试验检测在细胞中表达的Core蛋白;转染72h后用Hoechst染色和DNA Ladder检测Cos—7细胞的凋亡情况;荧光染色观察到了细胞凋亡核碎裂,琼脂糖凝胶电泳也呈现出180—200bp整数倍的梯形带,呈现典型的细胞凋亡特征。这些结果表明HCV Core蛋白的表达能引起Cos—7细胞凋亡,Core蛋白的这种功能可能在HCV的持续感染过程中起着一定的作用。     

口服型HCV融合抗原DNA疫苗在小鼠诱导免疫应答

将编码一个外源信号肽、一个通用型辅助性T淋巴细胞抗原表位和HCV核心 包膜蛋白E2融合抗原基因的真核表达质粒pST CE2t(DNA疫苗 )转化到减毒鼠伤寒沙门菌SL72 0 7.将该重组菌口服接种BALB c小鼠 3次 .小鼠的抗HCV核心和E2抗体阳转率分别达 6 0 %和 70 % .体外以重组HCV核心或E2抗原刺激小鼠脾细胞 ,均使之发生明显的增殖反应 ,且小鼠脾细胞能有效杀伤表达HCV核心抗原的同系骨髓瘤细胞SP2 0 .这为研制高效免疫、成本低廉、接种方便的HCV疫苗提供了一个新的可行途径     

HCV核心蛋白抑制干扰素α诱导的抗病毒基因表达及其机制研究

研究HCV核心蛋白对干扰素α诱导的抗病毒分子PKR和2′-5′OAS表达的影响及其机制。HCV核心蛋白表达质粒转染HepG2细胞,RT-PCR分析PKR和2′-5′OAS的mRNA水平变化,荧光素酶活性分析核心蛋白对ISRE介导的基因表达的影响;Western-blot分析SOCS3、STAT1及STAT1磷酸化水平的变化。在干扰素α刺激情况下,表达HCV核心蛋白的细胞中,PKR和2′-5′OAS的mRNA水平下降,ISRE介导的荧光素酶活性降低,STAT1磷酸化水平下降。此外,核心蛋白表达的细胞中SOCS3的mRNA和蛋白水平明显升高。结果表明,HCV核心蛋白可能通过激活SOCS3、抑制STAT1的磷酸化,从而下调干扰素α诱导的PKR和2′-5′OAS表达。     

肝硬变中丙型肝炎病毒C33c抗原及HBxAg的分布及意义

应用抗ＨＣＶＣ３３ｃ抗原２Ｂ６株单克隆抗体和抗ＨＢｘＡｇ多克隆抗体。以ＡＢＣ法对８６例肝硬变组织进行ＨＣＶ及ＨＢＶ相关抗原定位研究,ＨＣＶＣ３３ｃ抗原及ＨＢｘＡｇ在肝硬变中的阳性率分别为７６．７％及６２．８％,Ｃ３３ｃ抗原和ＨＢｘＡｇ阳性占所检病例８８．４％,二者同时阳性为５１．２％,ＨＣＶＣ３３ｃ抗原位于肝硬变组织的肝细胞胞桨内,充满整个胞桨,细胞核及胸膜未见阳性;阳性细胞呈弥温、局灶及散在分布     

Modulation of Triglyceride and Cholesterol Ester Synthesis Impairs Assembly of Infectious Hepatitis C Virus

In hepatitis C virus infection, replication of the viral genome and virion assembly are linked to cellular metabolic processes. In particular, lipid droplets, which store principally triacylglycerides (TAGs) and cholesterol esters (CEs), have been implicated in production of infectious virus. Here, we examine the effect on productive infection of triacsin C and YIC-C8-434, which inhibit synthesis of TAGs and CEs by targeting long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase and acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase, respectively. Our results present high resolution data on the acylglycerol and cholesterol ester species that were affected by the compounds. Moreover, triacsin C, which blocks both triglyceride and cholesterol ester synthesis, cleared most of the lipid droplets in cells. By contrast, YIC-C8-434, which only abrogates production of cholesterol esters, induced an increase in size of droplets. Although both compounds slightly reduced viral RNA synthesis, they significantly impaired assembly of infectious virions in infected cells. In the case of triacsin C, reduced stability of the viral core protein, which forms the virion nucleocapsid and is targeted to the surface of lipid droplets, correlated with lower virion assembly. In addition, the virus particles that were released from cells had reduced specific infectivity. YIC-C8-434 did not alter the association of core with lipid droplets but appeared to decrease production of infectious virus particles, suggesting a block in virion assembly. Thus, the compounds have antiviral properties, indicating that targeting synthesis of lipids stored in lipid droplets might be an option for therapeutic intervention in treating chronic hepatitis C virus infection.     

丙型肝炎病毒C+E1区基因在原核细胞中的克隆与表达

将丙型肝炎病毒Ｃ＋Ｅ１区基因插入到原核高效表达载体ｐＢＶ２２１质粒中,构建了质粒ｐＢＶ２２１ＨＣＶ／Ｃ＋Ｅ１作为表达载体,然后,将含有该质粒的宿主大肠杆菌进行升温诱导表达ＨＣＶ／Ｃ＋Ｅ１区基因,并对表达产物进行了生物活性的检测。结果表明,插入到表达载体ｐＢＶ２２１中的ＨＣＶ／Ｃ＋Ｅ１基因片段能够得到有效的表达,表达产物主要为非融合蛋白形式存在于细胞中,同时这种Ｃ区和Ｅ１区连接共表达的产物保持了良好的抗原活性     

丙型肝炎病毒免疫电镜的初步研究

采用组织匀浆免疫沉淀后负染、免疫组化块染后包埋、原位包埋等免疫电镜技术,研究丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）。组织匀浆、免疫沉定、负染后在电镜下观察到与ＨＣＶ相关的类病毒颗粒,形态与披膜病毒相似,大小多在５５～６５ｎｍ,圆形,有包膜,边缘略有突起或比较平滑,有胶体金结合在此种颗粒上及其周围。无关单抗阴性对照无类似颗粒及胶体金。免疫酶染电镜下还见到成堆可疑颗粒。此外,ＨＣＶ－Ｅ区抗原染色后原位包埋,尚发现胶体金大多结合于大小５０ｎｍ左右圆形结构的内部,表明Ｅ区单抗针对的特异性抗原位点位于这种结构的内侧。     

丙型肝炎病毒多表位抗原在恒河猴中的免疫应答及保护性试验

利用ＨＣＶ抗原多表位来研制ＨＣＶ疫苗是目前的一个新方向。本研　究利用ＨＣＶ的ＨＣＶ的５个保守表位串联,并加入破伤风类毒素上的一个Ｔ细胞激活位点,设计成　一个ＨＣＶ多表位抗原基因ＰＣＸ,在大肠杆菌中表达,用此蛋白免疫恒河猴,诱导猴体产生了较　高的抗体水平,滴度达１∶１０００以上,在免疫后的６０周抗体滴度仍达１∶４０以上。同时,在免　疫后６周用人ＨＣＶ阳性血清攻击猴子,免疫ＰＣＸ的猴子出现一过性ＡＬＴ升高,在攻击后三周内用　ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测到猴血清内ＨＣＶ的ＲＮＡ阳性。结果表明,免疫多表位的ＰＣＸ蛋白可以诱导机体产生　高水平的免疫应答。     

人丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的研究进展

丙型肝炎病毒是在80 年代末才被确认的正链RNA 病毒,目前对丙型肝炎病毒的研究因为没有合适的活体实验模型和细胞系,而受到很大的限制。但由于HCV 的独特性和危害性,而成为众多科学家研究的热点。本文将根据近年来一些HCV 研究的进展,对病毒的结构形态、加工、病毒流行病学,肝癌相关性,病毒分子生物学检测手段以及疫苗研究等方面做一扼要综述     

The Association of Hepatitis C Virus Glycoproteins with Apolipoproteins E and B Early in Assembly Is Conserved in Lipoviral Particles

In patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus and in the HCV cell culture system (HCVcc), it is known that highly infectious virus particles have low to very low buoyant densities. These low densities have been attributed to the association of HCV with lipoprotein components, which occur during the viral morphogenesis. The resulting hybrid particles are known as lipoviral particles (LVP); however, very little is known about how these particles are created. In our study, we used Huh7.5 cells to investigate the intracellular association between envelope proteins and apolipoproteins B and E (ApoB and ApoE, respectively). In particular, we were interested in the role of this association in initiating LVP morphogenesis. Co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that ApoB, ApoE, and HCV glycoproteins formed a protein complex early in the HCV lifecycle. Confocal analyses of naïve, E1E2-transduced and HCVcc-infected cells showed that HCV glycoproteins, ApoB and ApoE were found strongly colocalized only in the endoplasmic reticulum. We also found that HCV glycoproteins, ApoB and ApoE were already associated with intracellular infectious viral particles and, furthermore, that the protein complex was conserved in the infectious viral particles present in the supernatant of infected Huh7.5 cells. The association of HCV glycoproteins with ApoE was also evidenced in the HCVpp system, using the non-hepatic HEK293T cell line. We suggest that the complex formed by HCV E1E2, ApoB, and ApoE may initiate lipoviral particle morphogenesis.     

戊型肝炎病毒DNA免疫的研究

利用PCR方法获得1163bp的戊型肝炎（Hepatitis E Virus,HEV）开放读码框架（Open Reading Frame,ORF）ORF2之3'大片段和369bp ORF3的完整片段,分别克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3中,构建两种含有HEV主要抗原表位的质粒DNA：pcE2和pcE3,分别或混合免疫Swiss小鼠三次（0时,第2周,第4周）,观察其在小鼠体内诱发的体液免疫应答。ELISA检测结果表明,pcE2和pcE3在小鼠体内均可诱导出一定水平的HEV IgG抗体,且在第三次免疫接种两周后,100％的小鼠抗体阳转。与两和中质粒单独免疫相比,两者同时注射的抗体水平较高。本研究为HEV DNA疫苗的研究打下一定基础。     

丙型肝炎病毒解旋酶在大肠杆菌中的表达纯化及鉴定

解旋酶(helicase)在HCV基因组复制中负责RNA的解链,在复制中起着关键的作用。利用反转录PCR,从HCV患者血液中扩增出解旋酶基因,克隆入原核表达载体pProEXHTb,成功构建了HCV解旋酶原核表达质粒pProEXHTb-helicase。重组质粒转化DH5α大肠杆菌,经IPTG诱导表达后,表达产物经SDS-PAGE和Westernblot证实系解旋酶,并用镍离子亲和层析方法获得纯化解旋酶。