甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒泛素基因的克隆及原核表达

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(Spotoptera exigua multi-nucleopolyhedrovirus,SeMNPV)泛素基因ubiquitin被克隆和序列分析,该基因编码区全长243bp,编码80个氨基酸残基,预计蛋白质分子量为9.4kDa.将这一ubiquitin基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a上,转化至BL21(DE3)中,用IPTG进行诱导表达,对表达的条件进行了优化.用异源的泛素单克隆抗体检测目的蛋白,Western blot实验证明所表达的蛋白是泛素蛋白.同时,我们制备了特异性的抗体,为以后的研究工作做了基础.通过计算机软件Gendoc对不同来源的泛素进行分析,结果显示,病毒中的泛素与真核细胞中的泛素相比较,泛素的氨基酸序列有较大的变化,杆状病毒的泛素基因在分子进化上可能有比较独特的途径.     

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒sod基因的克隆及原核表达

甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒中国株(Spotoptera exigua MNPV—Z)超氧化物歧化酶基因(sod)业已被克隆及在大肠杆菌中进行了表达,证明了SeMNPV—Z的sod基因产物确有SOD活性,其活力单位约为291．19U／mL培养液。DNA测序结果表明SeMNPV-Z的sod基因编码151个氨基酸,与人的sodl基因的核苷酸的同源性为50％,与LdNPV、HaSNPV、HcNPV、AcNPV和BmNPV的sod基因的同源性分别为64％、63％、63％、65％、63％。     

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒sod基因的克隆及原核表达

甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒中国株(Spotoptera exigua MNPV-Z)超氧化物歧化酶基因(sod)业已被克隆及在大肠杆菌中进行了表达,证明了SeMNPV-Z的sod基因产物确有SOD活性,其活力单位约为291.19U/ mL培养液.DNA测序结果表明SeMNPV-Z的sod基因编码151个氨基酸,与人的sod1基因的核苷酸的同源性为50%,与LdNPV、HaSNPV、HcNPV、AcNPV和BmNPV的sod基因的同源性分别为64%、63%、63%、65%、63%.     

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(SeMNPV)ORF100和ORF101基因的克隆、表达与纯化

目的构建甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒(Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus,SeMNPV)ORF100(Se100)和ORF101(Se101)基因的原核表达载体,表达并纯化两种蛋白.方法用PCR方法扩增Se100和Se101基因,分别将它们克隆至原核表达载体pQE-30上,转化宿主菌M15[pREP-4],用IPTC进行诱导表达,表达产物用Ni-NTA金属螯合层析法进行纯化,SDS-PAGE检测表达的目的蛋白.结果构建了分别含有Se100和Se101基因的原核表达质粒pQE100和pQE101;SDS-PAGE检测显示,表达的两个融合蛋白的分子量分别为15kDa和31kDa,比预期分子量稍大;Ni-NTA亲和层析结果显示6×His-Se100和6×His-Se101融合蛋白主要存在于pH值为4.5的缓冲液中.结论成功克隆并高效表达了Se100和Se101两个基因,有效纯化了两种蛋白,为深入进行基因的功能研究奠定了基础.     

棉铃虫核多角体病毒泛素基因的克隆表达及抗体制备

昆虫杆状病毒和痘病毒是目前已知唯一编码泛素基因的病毒。通过PCR方法,克隆了棉铃虫核多角体病毒(HaSNPV)泛素基因(Ubiquitin,Ubi)。序列分析表明,该基因编码区全长252bp,编码83个氨基酸残基,预计分子量为9.24kDa。将泛素基因克隆到原核表达载体pET28a上,构建重组质粒pETUbi,转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,IPTG诱导表达融合蛋白。用Histag抗体检测目的蛋白,Westenblot实验证明所表达的蛋白是带有Histag的重组融合蛋白。通过改变IPTG浓度和诱导时间对表达条件进行了优化。利用NI琼脂糖凝胶亲和层析柱纯化目的蛋白,SDSPAGE鉴定为单一条带,同时用提纯蛋白制备了特异性抗体,为进一步的研究打下基础。     

棉铃虫核多角体病毒泛素基因的克隆表达及抗体制备

昆虫杆状病毒和痘病毒是目前已知唯一编码泛素基因的病毒.通过PCR方法,克隆了棉铃虫核多角体病毒(HaSNPV)泛素基因(Ubiquitin,Ubi).序列分析表明,该基因编码区全长252bp,编码83个氨基酸残基,预计分子量为9.24kDa.将泛素基因克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a上,构建重组质粒pET-Ubi,转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,IPTG诱导表达融合蛋白.用His-tag抗体检测目的蛋白,Westen-blot实验证明所表达的蛋白是带有His-tag的重组融合蛋白.通过改变IPTG浓度和诱导时间对表达条件进行了优化.利用NI-琼脂糖凝胶亲和层析柱纯化目的蛋白,SDS-PAGE鉴定为单一条带,同时用提纯蛋白制备了特异性抗体,为进一步的研究打下基础.     

甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒BAC-TO-BAC外源基因表达系统的建立

用直接克隆法将miniF-lacZ-attFn7-kan 片段插入甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒（Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus, SeMNPV）〖JP〗美国分离株（SeUS1）基因组的多角体蛋白基因框内,miniF是大肠杆菌F因子复制子,携带miniF的重组病毒能够在大肠杆菌中低拷贝稳定复制,称为bacmid。由于SeUS1由不同的SeMNPV基因型组成,每个bacmid携带了一种病毒基因型,所有bacmid构成了SeUS1分离株的BAC文库。REN对111个bacmid分析表明,SeUS1分离株中除了包含具有完整SeMNPV遗传信息的基因型外,还包括不同类型的缺失基因型。将具有完整SeMNPV基因组的基因型SeBAC10转染昆虫细胞,可产生子代病毒,故SeBAC10是一种在真核细胞和原核细胞中均能复制的穿梭质粒。因为SeBAC10中多角体蛋白基因(Seph)被插入失活,将Seph作为报告基因通过位点特异性重组方式插入位于LacZ框内转座子Tn7的附着靶位点attTn7,得到重组SeBAC10 (即SeBAC10ph)转染甜菜夜蛾培养细胞Se301后,细胞出现典型的病理变化,核中出现多角体,证明SeMNPV BAC-TO-BAC外源基因表达载体系统构建成功。     

人工饲料成分对甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒产量的影响

通过采取单因素和正交组合设计的方法,研究了甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua人工饲料中黄豆粉、酵母粉和麦麸3种主要营养成分对甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒产量的影响,同时获得甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒高产优化组合方案：酵母粉7 g、黄豆粉14 g和麦麸6 g。此外,还研究了4种无机盐和1种非蛋白氮对甜菜夜蛾核多角体病毒产量的影响。     

斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒几丁质酶基因的克隆及序列分析

以苜蓿丫纹夜蛾核多角体病毒（Ａｕｔｏｇｒａｐｈａ ｃａｌｉｔｉｒｎｉｃａ ｍｕｌｔｉｎｕｃｌｅｏｃａｐｓｉｄ ｎｕｃｌｅａｒ ｐｏｌｙｈｅｄｒｏｓｉｓ ｖｉｒｕｓ,ＡｃＭＮ－ＰＶ）基因组含几丁质酶基因（ｃｈｉＡ）的ｐｓｔＩ Ｍ片段为探针,通过Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交将斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒（Ｓｐｏｄｏｐｔｅｒａ ｌｉｔｕｒａ ｎｕｃｌｅａｒ ｐｏｌｙｈｅｄｒｏｓｉｓ ｖｉｒｕｓ,ＳｐｌｔＮＰＶ）的ｃｈｉ     

Expression of Polyubiquitin and Heat-Shock Protein 70 Genes Increases in the Later Stages of Disease Progression in Scrapie-Infected Mouse Brain

Abstract: We have shown by northern analyses that the expression of the mouse polyubiquitin C gene is increased several fold in the brains of mice infected with both the ME7 and 87V strains of scrape. Expression of the polyubiquitin gene does not change significantly, compared with controls, until the later stages of disease progression when there is a 2.5-fold increase in ME7-infected brains and a 1.8-fold increase in 87V-infected brains. The patterns of changes of expression of the polyubiquitin genes in brains infected with the two strains of scrapie resemble those of accumulation of ubiquitin-conjugate-positive structures in the brain that are detected immunohisto chemically. A similar increase in the expression of a heatshock protein 70 gene also occurs.     

Differential expression of several E2-type ubiquitin carrier protein genes at different developmental stages inArabidopsis thaliana andNicotiana sylvestris

We characterized three genes encoding different E2-type ubiquitin carrier proteins involved in the ubiquitin-mediated proteolytic pathway:UbcAt3 shows homologies to the yeastCDC34 gene andUbcAt4a andUbcAt4b are two different genes homologous to theUbc1/4/5 subfamily in yeast. Their accumulation was analysed and compared with that of the different families encoding polyubiquitins, as well as the monoubiquitin fusion protein, which is considered as a marker for cell division, during various developmental stages including GO/S transition and senescence of higher plant cells. Our results imply that theseUbc genes are under the control of complex mechanisms, and are differentially regulated, but not necessarily co-regulated with ubiquitin genes. Even the closely relatedUbcAt4a andUbcAt4b genes of the same multigene subfamily are controlled by distinct regulatory mechanisms.     

细胞因子对人μ链转基因小鼠抗体表达的调节

带有人μ基因的转基因小鼠可表达由转基因的可变区和内源恒定区构成的嵌合抗体。本研究表明嵌合抗体的恒定区类型可受多种因子调节:LPS主要诱导γ2b型嵌合抗体、LPS+IL_4主要诱导γ1型、LPS+TGF-β主要诱导α型嵌合抗体的表达;确定了各型嵌合抗体mRNA的结构;嵌合抗体mRNA表达前都有相应恒定区基因的基因组无义转录物表达增加。这些结果提示反式拼接有可能参与了抗体基因的表达。     

过表达热休克蛋白70提高CHO细胞表达抗体的能力

通过在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)中过表达热休克蛋白70以提高其表达抗体的能力。首先从中国仓鼠基因组DNA中扩取HSP70基因,构建真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-HSP70,再将重组质粒稳定转染到CHO/dhfr-细胞中,筛选获得稳定的细胞系,运用RT-qPCR检测和Western blot分析HSP70基因的过表达。在过表达HSP70的CHO细胞组和对照细胞组(转染空载体pcDNA3.1的CHO细胞组)中分别转染表达抗-HBs的质粒,应用ELISA检测两组细胞表达抗-HBs的能力。RT-qPCR结果显示实验组CHO细胞中HSP70基因的表达量明显高于对照组细胞;ELISA检测结果表明过表达HSP70的CHO细胞组抗-HBs表达量高于对照组细胞(P<0.05)。研究揭示HSP70能有效促进细胞内分泌性蛋白的表达。     

Gene silencing results in instability of antibody production in transgenic plants

The stability of antibody and F_ab expression was assessed in five different homozygous transgenic Arabidopsis lines. Each of these lines showed silencing of the transgenes that encode the antibody polypeptides, leading to instability of antibody production. However, each line had a different and specific instability profile. The characteristic variation in the level of antibody accumulation in each line as a function of developmental stage indicated that the T-DNA integration pattern played a role in triggering silencing, and also that the history and the integration position of simple transgene loci can influence the susceptibility to epigenetic silencing. In different lines with low antibody accumulation levels, methylation was found either in the promoter alone, in both the promoter and the transcribed region, in the transcribed region only, or in the transcribed region and downstream sequences. In conclusion, our data suggest that epigenetic effects result in different transgene expression profiles in each of the five Arabidopsis lines analyzed. Received: 27 July 1998 / Accepted: 12 October 1998     

SeMNPV组织蛋白酶基因的克隆表达及其对病毒杀虫的影响

对甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒(SeMNPV)的组织蛋白酶(v-cath)基因进行了克隆,序列分析及原核表达。此基因编码区长1014bp,预计编码一个338个氨基酸的蛋白产物,其蛋白的大小约42kD。序列分析表明,SeMNPV的V-CATH与其它杆状病毒的同源蛋白具有相似的保守结构,保留有相同的酶活性位点。根据几种已知的杆状病毒组织蛋白酶序列构建进化树,发现SeMNPV的V-CATH位于NPV组中一个单独的分支,它可能拥有特殊的进化历程。使用1.2μL的表达组织蛋白酶菌液和SeNPV共感染3龄末甜菜夜蛾幼虫,幼虫病毒致死率提高9.21%,病毒致死时间提前12 h,原核表达的组织蛋白酶对病毒杀虫速度有一定的影响。     

Apigenin inhibits hepatoma cell growth through alteration of gene expression patterns

Apigenin, a common plant flavonoid, has been shown to possess anti-tumor properties; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of apigenin on human hepatoma Huh7 cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and colony formation in vitro, as well as on the tumorigenicity of Huh7 cells in vivo. To get more insight into the mechanism of apigenin action, we performed genome-wide expression profiling of apigenin-treated Huh7 cells using cDNA microarrays (Agilent Whole Human Genome Oligo Microarray) that contain 41,000 genes. Ten of the most differentially expressed genes (≧5-fold changes) were selected for further evaluation by quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) and Western blot analyses. Notably, apigenin (5-20 μg/ml) remarkably inhibited Huh7 cell proliferation and colony formation as compared to the vehicle control, which was in a dose-dependent manner. Accompanying with the decreased growth, apigenin-treated cells showed a cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and an increased rate of apoptosis. Moreover, the xenografts derived from Huh7 cells were significantly (p < 0.05) retarded by the delivery of apigenin (50 μg/mouse/day) relative to the control counterparts. Gene expression profile analysis revealed that 1336 genes were up-regulated and 428 genes were down-regulated by apigenin. The down-regulation of interleukin-4 receptor and ubiquitin specific protease 18 and the up-regulation of SLC27A3 and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 were further confirmed by the qPCR and Western blot results. In conclusion, apigenin exhibits inhibitory effects on hepatoma cell growth, which is likely mediated through alteration of gene expression profiles.     

雨生红球藻质体球滴结构蛋白基因的克隆与原核表达

叶绿体或者有色体中的质体球滴结构(Plastoglobules)是多数植物的类胡萝卜素等次生代谢产物积累的场所,但在能大量积累虾青素的雨生红球藻中,这个结构一直没有得到确认。通过透射电子显微镜观察发现雨生红球藻的质体内确切存在plastoglobules结构;并通过RT-PCR结合RACE技术,从雨生红球藻cDNA文库中克隆到了与编码plastoglobules的结构蛋白(Plastoglobulin)具有高度同源性的基因序列全长,称做Hpgp基因;该基因的表达产物称之为雨生红球藻质体球滴蛋白(HPGP;Haematococcus plastoglobules pro-tein);并进一步利用原核表达系统将该编码基因进行原核诱导表达,用His-Tag蛋白分离纯化系统纯化到了目标蛋白,并用该His-Tag融合蛋白为抗原免疫实验兔,制备到了相应的一抗抗体,为下一步对该蛋白的功能阐明以及雨生红球藻的虾青素积累机制研究提供重要的基础。     

Epithelial tight junction proteins as potential antibody targets for pancarcinoma therapy

Recombinant monoclonal antibodies are beginning to revolutionize cancer therapy. In combination with standard chemotherapy, high response rates have been reported with antibodies of the human IgG1 isotype for treatment of non-Hodgkins lymphoma and breast cancer. It is becoming apparent that targets for antibody-based therapies do not necessarily need to be absent from normal tissues but can be present there either in low copy numbers or with binding epitopes shielded from the therapeutic antibody. Here, we studied whether claudin proteins that form tight junctions in normal epithelia are still expressed on carcinoma cells and whether their extracellular domains can be recognized by antibodies. We show that mRNAs of claudins 1, 3, 4, and 7 are all expressed in different human carcinoma cell lines, while claudin 8 was selectively expressed in breast and pancreas cancer lines. Chicken polyclonal antibodies were raised against peptides contained within predicted extracellular domains of claudins 1, 3, and 4. Affinity-purified IgG fractions for claudins 3 and 4 were monospecific and bound to human breast and colon carcinoma lines, but not to a line of monocytic origin. Claudin 3 antibodies also homogeneously stained human renal cell carcinoma tissue and micrometastatic tumor cells as identified by cytokeratin staining in bone marrow biopsies of breast cancer patients. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting and immunocytochemistry indicated that claudin antibodies bound to the surface of tumor cells. By analogy to other tumor-associated antigens that are differentially accessible to antibodies on tumor vs normal tissue, we propose that certain claudin proteins have potential as targets for novel antibody-based therapies of carcinomas.