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该文研究了PARP15过表达在肺腺癌中的临床意义及其对肺腺癌细胞生长、凋亡的影响。利用UALCAN和GEPIA数据库比对PARP15基因在肺腺癌组织和正常组织中的表达水平,利用GEPIA数据库分析PARP15基因对肺腺癌患者预后生存的影响。构建核心质粒pCDH-PARP15,通过慢病毒包装及感染的方法在人肺腺癌细胞系A549和H1299中获得PARP15过表达稳定株,用Western blot鉴定PARP15过表达情况。采用CCK-8、克隆形成实验检测过表达PARP15对A549和H1299细胞生长的影响,流式细胞仪检测PARP15对A549和H1299细胞凋亡和细胞周期的影响。PARP15基因在肺腺癌组织中的表达水平均低于正常组织(P<0.05),且PARP15基因的表达水平与肺腺癌患者的良好预后呈正相关(P=0.003 6)。过表达PARP15抑制肺腺癌细胞的生长(P<0.05),并诱导细胞凋亡(P<0.05),但对细胞周期没有显著影响。PARP15可通过诱导肺腺癌细胞凋亡从而发挥抑制其生长的作用。 相似文献
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本研究旨在构建宿主ADP-核糖基化因子4 (ADP-ribosylation factor 4, ARF4)和ADP-核糖基化因子5 (ADP-ribosylation factor 5, ARF5)基因敲除小鼠,明确ARF4和ARF5基因对寨卡病毒感染的作用。首先利用CRISPR-Cas9技术,获得ARF4和ARF5单基因敲除小鼠(ARF4KO和ARF5KO),并通过杂交繁育获得双基因敲除小鼠(ARF4KO/ARF5KO),通过PCR法鉴定小鼠基因型,定量RT-PCR法检测目标基因的敲除效果。之后,用寨卡病毒感染基因敲除小鼠,采集第2、4、 6天小鼠血液和各组织样本,提取核酸后用RT-qPCR法检测病毒载量,用HE染色观察组织病理变化。结果显示,用ARF4和ARF5特异引物,分别在ARF4KO–/+、ARF5KO–/–以及ARF4KO–/+/ARF5KO–/–小鼠扩增到与目标基因大小一致的条带。RT-qPCR检测结果显示,ARF4KO–/+小鼠各组织中ARF4 mRNA水平显著降低,其敲除效率在37.8%-50.0%之间,ARF5表达水平无变化。ARF5KO–/–小鼠组织中ARF5 mRNA完全敲除,ARF4无变化。ARF4KO–/+/ARF5KO–/–小鼠在肺、肾和睾丸中ARF4 mRNA水平显著降低,ARF5完全敲除。最后,用寨卡病毒分别感染基因敲除小鼠和野生型小鼠。结果显示,与野生型小鼠相比,ARF4KO–/+小鼠在各时间点血清中病毒载量均显著下降,但ARF5KO–/–小鼠与ARF4KO–/+/ARF5KO–/–小鼠无明显变化。同时,与野生型小鼠相比,ARF4KO–/+小鼠各组织病毒载量没有显著降低,但其大脑和睾丸的病理性改变减轻。本研究利用CRISPR-Cas9技术成功构建了ARF4和ARF5基因敲除小鼠,并证实ARF4是寨卡病毒感染必需的宿主蛋白,为后续深入研究ARF4和ARF5在寨卡病毒感染致病中的作用机制以及抗病毒药物研发奠定了基础。 相似文献
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近30年来,侵袭性真菌感染发病率持续上升,病死率居高不下,而治疗药物十分有限是造成其高致死率的重要因素之一。因此,发现新的抗真菌靶点和药物,已成为迫切需要。正在研究的新的抗真菌靶点如下:一是信号通路介导的抗真菌靶点,包括钙调神经磷酸酶及其分子伴侣Hsp90、3-磷酸肌醇依赖性蛋白激酶(PKH)以及参与Ras蛋白修饰的相关酶等,其拮抗剂包括传统免疫抑制剂的类似物以及Hsp90抗体、KP-372-1和PS77以及手霉素A等;二是GPI锚定蛋白合成通路的催化酶,其抑制剂有E1210和M720等化合物;三是分泌型天冬氨酸蛋白酶,肽类、逆转录病毒抑制剂,以及砜类的衍生物等均可以抑制这一靶点;四是海藻糖的合成的两个关键酶Tps1和Tps2。鉴于侵袭性真菌感染严重影响人类公共健康安全,而新型抗真菌药物的研发又依赖于新靶点的探索,因此,本文靶向这一核心真菌临床问题,系统介绍了当前新的抗真菌药物靶点发展概况,并在靶点选择可行性以及针对靶点的药物研发策略上提出见解。 相似文献
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使用聚ADP核糖聚合酶(PARP)NAD位点抑制剂苯甲酞胺(BA)研究了降低PARP酶活性对外源LacZ基因整合稳定性的影响.利用DNA体外重组技术将LacZ基因全序列插入到真核表达载体pSV2neo的HindⅢ位点,构建了一个具有真核细胞neo基因筛选标记和LacZ基因的真核表达重组体pSV2neo-beta-gal.将该重组体导入HeLa细胞,经G418筛选获得了能稳定表达β-半乳糖苷酶的HeLa转化细胞系HeLa-beta-gal.使用PARP酶抑制剂苯甲酸胺处理细胞5周,随后进行细胞基因组Southern杂交分析与细胞内容物β-半乳苷酶的活性检测.结果表明,经BA处理的HeLa-beta-gal细胞β-半乳糖苷酶的活性及杂交带密度与未经BA处理的HeLa-beta-gal细胞相比未有明显区别.结合以前的结果可以认为,PARP酶抑制剂BA并不能导致所有外源基因的丢失,且使用PARP酶抑制剂BA引起外源基因的丢失具有选择性. 相似文献
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蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用在多种细胞功能中具有重要的作用。靶向蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用已经成为新药发现的重要策略,但发现能阻断蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的小分子药物是一个巨大的挑战。尽管如此,近年来人们还是发现了许多能调控蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的小分子。该文主要总结了在病毒进入、细胞凋亡通路和神经退行性疾病等方面的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用小分子抑制剂的研究进展。 相似文献
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通过使用 PARP酶的抑制剂研究了降低PARP酶的活性对外源基因转染效率及整合作用的影响, 结果表明,转染的外源基因的吸收及瞬时表达不依赖于PARP酶的活性,而外源基因的整合作用与PARP酶的活性有关。Abstract:In this study,the effect of lowering PARP activity on the transfection of cultured cells with foreigh genes was evaluated.The results indicated that PARP enzyme involved in the stable integration of foreign genes into the host genome.However,inhibition of PARP activity exhibited no effect on both the uptake into the cells and the expression of the forging genes. 相似文献
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真核细胞中的内质网是蛋白质合成、翻译和转运的场所,当内质网稳态被打破,出现蛋白质折叠障碍或错误折叠,并导致蛋白质过度积累时,便会引发内质网应激反应,即未折叠蛋白反应。大量的研究表明,内质网应激与2 型糖尿病的病理特征有一定的关系,而转录激活因子6 通路作为未折叠蛋白反应中3 条信号通路之一,调控着蛋白质的重折叠过程,对缓解内质网应激以及在糖脂代谢和胰岛素敏感性方面起着重要作用。简介内质网应激反应及相关信号通路和转录激活因子6,着重综述转录激活因子6 在肝脏糖脂代谢和胰岛素抵抗中的作用及相应机制,探讨其成为抗2 型糖尿病药物新靶点的可能性,为抗2 型糖尿病药物的研发提供新思路。 相似文献
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Ito H Iwamoto I Inaguma Y Takizawa T Nagata K Asano T Kato K 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》2005,95(5):932-941
There are several reports describing participation of small heat shock proteins (sHsps) in cellular protein quality control. In this study, we estimated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced response of Hsp27 and alphaB-crystallin in mammalian cells. Treatment targeting the ER with tunicamycin or thapsigargin induced the phosphorylation of Hsp27 but not of alphaB-crystallin in U373 MG cells, increase being observed after 2-10 h and decline at 24 h. Similar phosphorylation of Hsp27 by ER stress was also observed with U251 MG and HeLa but not in COS cells and could be blocked using SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase. Other protein kinase inhibitors, like G?6983, PD98059, and SP600125, inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC), p44/42 MAP kinase, and JNK, respectively, were without major influence. Prolonged treatment with tunicamycin but not thapsigargin for 48 h caused the second induction of the phosphorylation of Hsp27 in U251 MG cells. Under these conditions, the intense perinuclear staining of Hsp27, with some features of aggresomes, was observed in 10%-20% of the cells. 相似文献
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The molecular pathogenesis of ASD (autism spectrum disorder), one of the heritable neurodevelopmental disorders, is not well understood, although over 15 autistic‐susceptible gene loci have been extensively studied. A major issue is whether the proteins that these candidate genes encode are involved in general function and signal transduction. Several mutations in genes encoding synaptic adhesion molecules such as neuroligin, neurexin, CNTNAP (contactin‐associated protein) and CADM1 (cell‐adhesion molecule 1) found in ASD suggest that impaired synaptic function is the underlying pathogenesis. However, knockout mouse models of these mutations do not show all of the autism‐related symptoms, suggesting that gain‐of‐function in addition to loss‐of‐function arising from these mutations may be associated with ASD pathogenesis. Another finding is that family members with a given mutation frequently do not manifest autistic symptoms, which possibly may be because of gender effects, dominance theory and environmental factors, including hormones and stress. Thus epigenetic factors complicate our understanding of the relationship between these mutated genes and ASD pathogenesis. We focus in the present review on findings that ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress arising from these mutations causes a trafficking disorder of synaptic receptors, such as GABA (γ‐aminobutyric acid) B‐receptors, and leads to their impaired synaptic function and signal transduction. In the present review we propose a hypothesis that ASD pathogenesis is linked not only to loss‐of‐function but also to gain‐of‐function, with an ER stress response to unfolded proteins under the influence of epigenetic factors. 相似文献
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内质网应激反应分子机理研究进展 总被引:21,自引:3,他引:21
内质网应激是导致心脑组织缺血梗塞、神经退行性疾病等发生的重要环节 .目前发现同型半胱氨酸、氧化应激、钙代谢紊乱等都能引起内质网应激级联反应 ,表现为蛋白质合成暂停、内质网应激蛋白表达和细胞凋亡等 .这些表现包括在未折叠蛋白反应 (UPR)、整合应激反应 (ISR)和内质网相关性死亡 (ERAD)三个相互关联的动态过程中 ,每一过程的分子机理现已逐步被揭示 .作为细胞保护性应对机制的内质网应激体系一旦遭到破坏 ,细胞将不能合成应有的蛋白质 ,亦不能发挥正常的生理功能 ,甚至会出现细胞凋亡 .掌握内质网应激过程对进一步理解多种疾病的发生机理有十分重要的理论意义 相似文献
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内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress, ERS)是为恢复稳态和减轻蛋白质负荷的一种细胞防御性反应。过度激活的ERS可诱导细胞分化、增殖、凋亡和自噬等。微RNAs(microRNAs, miRNAs)作为一种内源性的非编码RNA(non-coding RNA, ncRNA),可通过转录后作用调控内质网应激信号通路中的关键蛋白质和基因表达。反之,激活的内质网应激信号通路可通过降低miRNAs稳定性间接调节靶基因的表达及功能。本文在简要介绍了ERS经典信号通路基础上,进一步阐述了微RNAs在促细胞凋亡、增殖等方面如何调控ERS信号通路,以及基于此种关联其在疾病的表达谱中会产生怎样的影响。同时,概括了ERS对miRNAs表达的调节,并提出该过程目前的研究现况。二者的这种相互调控作用,可为后续研究疾病的治疗靶点提供新思路。 相似文献
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Qing Zhang Gefei Guan Peng Cheng Wen Cheng Lianhe Yang Anhua Wu 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2021,25(8):3870-3884
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has considerable impact on cell growth, proliferation, metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis and chemoradiotherapy resistance in various cancers. However, the effect of ER stress on the outcomes of glioma patients remains unclear. In this study, we established an ER stress risk model based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) glioma data set to reflect immune characteristics and predict the prognosis of glioma patients. Survival analysis indicated that there were significant differences in the overall survival (OS) of glioma patients with different ER stress-related risk scores. Moreover, the ER stress-related risk signature, which was markedly associated with the clinicopathological properties of glioma patients, could serve as an independent prognostic indicator. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the risk model correlated with immune and inflammation responses, as well as biosynthesis and degradation. In addition, the ER stress-related risk model indicated an immunosuppressive microenvironment. In conclusion, we present an ER stress risk model that is an independent prognostic factor and indicates the general immune characteristics in the glioma microenvironment. 相似文献
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Gabriela Martínez Claudia Duran‐Aniotz Felipe Cabral‐Miranda Juan P. Vivar Claudio Hetz 《Aging cell》2017,16(4):615-623
Perturbed neuronal proteostasis is a salient feature shared by both aging and protein misfolding disorders. The proteostasis network controls the health of the proteome by integrating pathways involved in protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, secretion, and their degradation. A reduction in the buffering capacity of the proteostasis network during aging may increase the risk to undergo neurodegeneration by enhancing the accumulation of misfolded proteins. As almost one‐third of the proteome is synthetized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), maintenance of its proper function is fundamental to sustain neuronal function. In fact, ER stress is a common feature of most neurodegenerative diseases. The unfolded protein response (UPR) operates as central player to maintain ER homeostasis or the induction of cell death of chronically damaged cells. Here, we discuss recent evidence placing ER stress as a driver of brain aging, and the emerging impact of neuronal UPR in controlling global proteostasis at the whole organismal level. Finally, we discuss possible therapeutic interventions to improve proteostasis and prevent pathological brain aging. 相似文献
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