HCMV感染对恶性胶质瘤U87细胞增殖及ATF5表达的影响

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)能够诱导肿瘤细胞的恶性转化,但其分子机制尚有待进一步探索。探讨HCMV是否通过调控转录激活因子5(ATF5)的表达变化促进胶质瘤细胞的增殖。采用HCMV AD169株(MOI=5)感染神经胶质瘤U87细胞株,MTT方法观察HCMV感染0、12、24、48 h后细胞的增殖活性。Real-time PCR及Western-blot检测HCMV感染U87细胞后ATF5基因及蛋白的表达水平变化。以慢病毒为载体的靶向ATF5小干扰RNA构建载体,敲低ATF5表达水平后感染HCMV,MTT检测病毒感染细胞的增殖活性变化。HCMV感染神经胶质瘤U87细胞后,与未感染组比较,增值活性明显升高(P0.05),ATF5表达水平上升,表明HCMV感染使胶质瘤细胞增殖活性提高,细胞抗凋亡能力增强。成功构建沉默ATF5细胞系siATF5 U87,HCMV感染siATF5 U87细胞后使细胞增殖活性减弱,抗凋亡能力下降。以上实验结果表明,HCMV感染上调胶质瘤U87细胞ATF5的表达水平,促进细胞的增殖。因此HCMV感染可能通过调控ATF5信号通路增加细胞恶性性状,为治疗胶质瘤提供一个新的思路。     

神经生长因子生物活性检定方法的建立

采用鸡胚背根神经节体外培养法,建立了神经生长因子生物活性的检定方法,对判定神经生长因子的生物活性单位制定了明确统一的判定标准     

人巨细胞病毒大外膜磷蛋白pp150羧基末端的高效表达及初步应用

以基因工程抗原取代天然抗原用于人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）感染的诊断,具有广阔的前景。为此,分离ＨＣＭＶ大外膜磷蛋白ｐｐ１５０基因ＯＲＦ３端４３４ｂｐ（编码羧基末端ａａ９４３～ａａ１０４８）的ＤＮＡ片段,导入带有高水平转录启动子Ｐｔｒｃ和六个串联组氨酸的原核表达载体ｐＴｒｃＨｉｓ,在大肠杆菌中得到高效表达,ＳＤＳ ＰＡＧＥ显示一明显的分子量为１５６ｋＤ的融合蛋白条带,ＬＫＢ激光扫描占菌体总蛋白的５１％以上,并且以可溶性形式存在。表达产物经高效特异性纯化后,ＥＬＩＳＡ结果表明其能够与ＨＣＭＶＩｇＭ阳性血清呈特异反应,为建立新一代ＨＣＭＶＩｇＭ检测试剂盒打下了基础。     

BST-2参与HCMV感染诱导的恶性胶质瘤细胞增殖和迁移

为探讨BST-2蛋白是否参与人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染导致的恶性胶质瘤细胞增殖和迁移,以HCMV AD169株感染U251细胞,通过细胞划痕愈合实验检测HCMV感染对U251迁移的影响;通过Western-blot方法检测HCMV感染对BST-2蛋白表达的影响;通过CCK-8、细胞划痕愈合和transwell方法检测HCMV感染后下调BST-2对U251细胞增殖和迁移能力的影响。结果显示,HCMV感染可促进U251细胞迁移并高表达BST-2,沉默BST-2后可抑制由HCMV感染诱导的细胞增殖和迁移。结果证实HCMV感染可促进胶质瘤细胞U251增殖迁移,BST-2参与了HCMV感染导致的恶性胶质瘤细胞增殖和迁移。     

神经营养因子NGF、BDNF与围绝经期妇女认知功能关系的研究进展

神经营养因子(NTFs)是近几年神经科学研究的热点,研究显示它在神经系统中发挥独特的作用,尤其是神经生长因子(NGF)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)在脑内功能及其表达调控方面具有重要作用。围绝经期妇女随着雌激素水平的降低会产生认知功能的减退,有研究发现去卵巢动物(OVX)雌激素水平降低可以导致某些NGF、BDNF的丢失。通过启动内源性NGF和BDNF的表达而实现对神经元的保护可能为雌激素替代治疗(ERT)脑保护作用的一种机制。本文就近几年的研究进展做一简要综述。     

对HCMV UL54 mRNA 片段特异性切割的M1GS构建

人巨细胞病毒是一种DNA病毒,在人群中一般呈亚临床感染和潜伏感染。为研究病毒基因沉默工具和抗病毒制剂,以人巨细胞病毒UL54基因mRNA序列设计互补的外部引导序列,共价结合到大肠杆菌来源RNaseP催化核心M1RNA上,从而构建成M1GS-T6核酶。通过对DNA聚合酶UL54基因亚克隆片段转录产物体外切割研究,证实该核酶具备对UL54mRNA片段的特异切割能力。     

Expression profiles of BDNF splice variants in cultured DRG neurons stimulated with NGF

Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA is increased in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in response to peripheral inflammation. Nerve growth factor (NGF) from inflammatory tissue is thought to induce expression of BDNF. Recently, it was reported that the BDNF gene has eight non-coding exons that are transcribed independently into several splice variants. Expression of these splice variants in DRG neurons stimulated with NGF has not been studied. We examined changes in expression of BDNF splice variants in a rat model of peripheral inflammation and in cultured DRG neurons exposed to NGF. Total BDNF mRNA was increased by inflammation in vivo and by NGF in vitro. Among all splice variants, exon 1-9 showed the greatest increase in expression in both experiments. Our results indicate that exon 1-9 contributes to changes in total BDNF levels and may play an important role in the acute response of DRG to NGF.     

神经胶质瘤细胞ATF5表达水平对HCMV复制的影响

人巨细胞病毒(human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)在神经胶质瘤细胞中的复制水平不一,其机制尚不清楚。本研究通过下调转录激活因子5(ATF5)在神经胶质瘤细胞中的表达,检测HCMV感染神经胶质瘤细胞后病毒复制水平的变化。首先用HCMV AD169(MOI=5)分别感染U87、SY5Y及A172细胞,观察细胞形态变化,分别在24、48、72、96、120 h取各时间点上清液检测病毒滴度;Real-time PCR检测HCMV即刻早期基因(IE2)、早期基因(UL44)、晚期基因(UL99)及ATF5的表达情况;Western-blot检测病毒基因编码蛋白及ATF5表达的情况。结果显示HCMV在U87、SY5Y细胞中复制水平与病毒在A172细胞中复制水平相比,U87、SY5Y细胞组明显高于A172细胞组(P0.05),ATF5表达在U87、SY5Y细胞组与A172细胞组相比,U87、SY5Y细胞组ATF5表达明显高于A172组(P0.05);利用慢病毒介导的RNA干扰技术下调ATF5在U87、SY5Y细胞的表达,用HCMV感染细胞检测病毒基因及蛋白的表达,结果ATF5表达下调可抑制HCMV的复制(P0.05)。以上结果表明,在胶质瘤细胞中下调ATF5表达水平可以抑制HCMV的复制水平。     

神经生长因子在不同周龄小鼠睾丸组织中的表达

目的研究神经生长因子在小鼠不同周龄睾丸组织中的定量和定位表达。方法分别剖取不同周龄雄性小鼠的睾丸组织,部分提取总RNA,real-time PCR相对定量分析神经生长因子mRNA的表达量;另外部分组织固定、包埋,进行SABC法免疫组化分析,以观察神经生长因子蛋白在各周睾丸组织中的定位。结果Real-timePCR定量分析表明:小鼠生后1周龄睾丸组织有神经生长因子mRNA的表达,生后3周龄表达量达峰值,5周之后随鼠龄的增加呈下降趋势,成年小鼠睾丸组织的神经生长因子mRNA表达维持在一定水平。免疫组化定位分析显示:睾丸组织的神经生长因子蛋白表达于小鼠出生后的各个时期内,1周龄睾丸组织免疫阳性反应主要位于支持细胞,精原细胞也有着色;3周龄睾丸组织的间质细胞、各级生精细胞、支持细胞、管周肌样细胞表达均呈现阳性;5周后的睾丸组织内神经生长因子呈低水平表达,主要表达于间质细胞和生精细胞内。结论神经生长因子mRNA的表达量随着小鼠睾丸的生长发育期存在着一定的规律性变化;神经生长因子蛋白的表达在小鼠睾丸生长发育的不同时期其主要表达部位不同。     

NGF 与Neuritin 在脑外伤伴四肢骨折病人血清中的表达及意义

目的:通过检测脑外伤患者、脑外伤合并骨折患者、骨折患者及正常人外周血中NGF,neuritin不同时间段的表达,根据其含量的变化,判断与骨折愈合速度的相关性,寻找骨折愈合的关键因子。方法:收集单纯脑外伤、单纯骨折患者各80例、脑外伤合并骨折患者60例、健康体检人群20例。选取外伤后3天、10天、2周抽取所有实验对象的静脉血,应用ELISA技术测定标本中NGF与Neuritin的含量。结果:损伤后每个时间段里,患者血清中NGF、neuritin含量有不同程度升高,均高于正常对照组,其中又以脑外伤合并骨折组最高。血清NGF在骨折合并脑外伤组伤后第3天含量明显升高,为(0.86±0.21),伤后10天为(1.47±0.29),14天为(2.0 7±0.21),脑外伤合并四肢骨折组neuritin血清含量在伤后第3天略有升高为(83.47±18.85),10天(108.50±31.65),2周(91.86±21.12).脑外伤合并骨折病人血清NGF、neuritin表达明显高于其他对照组,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:脑外伤合并骨折病人血清NGF、neuritin表达明显高于其他对照组,说明与骨折愈合有着密切的相关性,两种因子可能在骨折愈合修复过程中共同起作用,从而,推测可能是脑外伤后骨折愈合加速的重要因素。     

用ELISA法检测2.5S鼠神经生长因子

鼠颌下腺提纯的２５ＳＮＧＦ免疫家兔,获得兔抗ＮＧＦ抗体,研制出鼠２５ＳＮＧＦＥＬＩＳＡ检测试剂盒,该试剂盒灵敏度小于１ｎｇ／ｍｌ,在６７０～０８４ｎｇ／ｍｌ范围内,线性良好,ｒ＝０９９。与大鼠、小鼠及人血浆无非特异反应,在大鼠血浆中,ＮＧＦ样品回收率在９１％～１０７％之间,变异系数小于１０％（ｎ＝４）。结果表明：本试剂盒操作简便,灵敏度高,特异性强,适合药代动力学研究及生产过程中的ＮＧＦ检测。     

HPV和HCMV在慢性宫颈炎病人中的分布及相关性研究

本文采用DNA-DNA分子杂交技术对病理组织学确诊的87例慢性宫颈炎患者和25例健康宫颈的宫颈活检组织DNA进行了HPV 6、11、16、18型DNA及HCMV HindⅢE片段检测。结果表明,对照宫颈检出率全部为0,慢性宫颈炎检出率HPV 6为16％,HPVll为12.6％,HPV16为11.5％,HPVl8为5％,总的HPV DNA相关序列为29.0％,HCMV为12.64％。经显著性检验,HPV DNA相关序列检出率在慢性宫颈炎与对照组间具显著性差异,HPV DNA相关序列阳性者患慢性宫颈炎的危险性为HPV DNA相关序列阴性者20.81的倍。本实验结果还表明HCMV阳性患者中72.7％的病人同时有HPV感染,提示HCMV感染与HPV感染有关。     

Human cytomegalovirus infection dysregulates neural progenitor cell fate by disrupting Hes1 rhythm and down-regulating its expression

Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection is a leading cause of birth defects, primarily affecting the central nervous system and causing its maldevelopment. As the essential downstream effector of Notch signaling pathway, Hes1, and its dynamic expression, plays an essential role on maintaining neural progenitor/stem cells(NPCs) cell fate and fetal brain development. In the present study, we reported the first observation of Hes1 oscillatory expression in human NPCs, with an approximately1.5 hour periodicity and a Hes1 protein half-life of about 17(17.6 ± 0.2) minutes. HCMV infection disrupts the Hes1 rhythm and down-regulates its expression. Furthermore, we discovered that depleting Hes1 protein disturbed NPCs cell fate by suppressing NPCs proliferation and neurosphere formation, and driving NPCs abnormal differentiation. These results suggested a novel mechanism linking disruption of Hes1 rhythm and down-regulation of Hes1 expression to neurodevelopmental disorders caused by congenital HCMV infection.     

神经生长因子促进坐骨神经再生修复的酶组织化学研究

目的研究对兔右坐骨神经损伤后局部给予蛇毒神经生长因子(NGF),观察坐骨神经酶活性变化和超微结构的恢复情况,探讨NGF对神经再生的影响.方法乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、酸性磷酸酶(ACPase)的酶组织化学技术和电镜技术.结果神经损伤后:AChE活性明显下降,NGF组的AChE活性恢复快于盐水对照组;ACPase活性逐渐增高,NGF组的ACPase活性恢复时间短于盐水对照组.坐骨神经的超微结构在神经损伤后也发生变化,NGF组的变化程度小于盐水对照组,恢复时间短于对照组.结论NGF可通过影响酶物质的代谢而起到加快受损神经恢复的作用.为临床上应用蛇毒NGF治疗周围神经损伤提供形态学依据.     

蛇毒神经生长因子促进周围神经再生的诱发电位观察

目的：研究蛇毒神经生长因子（sNGF)对大鼠坐骨神经损伤后诱发电位的影响,评价蛇毒神经生长因子在促进周围神经再生中的作用。方法：建立大鼠坐骨神经钳夹模型,局部滴加药物和术后肌注sNGF,通过脊髓诱发电位（SEP）,运动诱发电位（MEP）评定,观察坐骨神经修复情况。结果：sNGF治疗后可使伤后SEP,MEP提早出现,结论：蛇毒提取的NGF对大鼠坐骨神经损伤修复具有促进作用。     

Effects of fluvoxamine on nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by dexamethasone in PC12 cells

In the present study, we examined the effects of fluvoxamine on nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by dexamethasone (DEX) in PC12 cells. Fluvoxamine increased NGF-induced neurite outgrowth. Compared with co-treatment with NGF and fluvoxamine, p-Akt levels were higher than the values without fluvoxamine. The phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 levels were slightly increased by co-treatment with NGF and fluvoxamine. Fluvoxamine concentration-dependently improved NGF-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by DEX. Fluvoxamine also improved the decrease in the NGF-induced p-Akt level caused by DEX. Interestingly, the sigma-1 receptor antagonist NE-100 blocked the improvement effects of fluvoxamine on NGF-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by DEX. The selective sigma-1 receptor agonist PRE-084 also improved NGF-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by DEX, which is blocked by NE-100. These results indicate that the improvement effects of fluvoxamine on NGF-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition by DEX may be attributable to the phosphorylation of Akt and the sigma-1 receptor.     

Chemical constituents of the root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica and their potential biological activities

The root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Ulmaceae), commonly known as yugeunpi, has been used as a traditional Korean medicine for the treatment of gastroenteric and inflammatory disorders. As part of continuing projects to discover bioactive natural products from traditional medicinal plants with pharmacological potential, phytochemical investigation of the root bark of this plant was carried out. This led to the successful isolation of a new chromane derivative (1) and 22 known compounds: catechin derivatives (2–5), megastigmane glycoside (6), dihydrochalcone glycosides (7 and 8), flavanone glycosides (9 and 10), coumarins (11 and 12), lignan derivatives (13–17), and phenolic compounds (18–23). The structure of the new compound (1) was determined with 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESIMS, and its absolute configurations were achieved by chemical reactions and the gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR chemical shifts calculations. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their potential biological activities including neuro-protective, anti-neuroinflammatory, and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities. Among the isolates, compounds 1, 8, and 20 displayed stronger potency by causing a greater increase in the production and the activity of nerve growth factor (NGF) in C6 glioma cells (147.04 ± 4.87, 206.27 ± 6.70, and 143.70 ± 0.88%, respectively), whereas compounds 11, 14, and 19 inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine microglial cells (IC₅₀ of 18.72, 12.31, and, 21.40 µM, respectively). In addition, compounds 1, 11, 18, and 20 showed anti-H. pylori activity with MIC values of 25 or 50 µM against two strains of H. pylori 51 and 43504. These findings provide scientific evidence that supports the traditional usage of U. davidiana var. japonica root bark in the treatment of gastroenteric and inflammatory disorders.     

Spatial patterns of protein expression in focal infections of human cytomegalovirus

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a medically significant human pathogen that infects a wide range of cell and tissue types. During infection, HCMV activates a variety of signal transduction pathways that induce profound changes in cellular processes and dramatically affect cellular gene expression patterns. To better define how these virus-host interactions affect the local microenvironment and influence the spatial and temporal spread of HCMV, we initiated HCMV focal infections on normal human dermal fibroblast monolayers and monitored viral gene expression patterns and infection spread over 45 days. To establish baseline temporal measurements of HCMV infection and spread in cell monolayers, we characterized the influence of three experimental variables on viral gene expression: cell plating density, the presence of serum, and neutralization of cellular antiviral responses with an antibody against interferon-beta. We found that high cell plating density or the inclusion of serum correlated with enhanced HCMV infection spread. Dramatic differences in the expression pattern of the viral immediate early 2 (IE2) gene were observed under these conditions as compared to low plating density or the absence of serum. In the latter case round, uniform foci were observed with a clear wave of IE2 expression visible in advance of a late stage viral protein, envelope glycoprotein B. By contrast, larger irregular foci with arms of IE2 expression were observed in the presence of serum. Addition of the antibody had little effect on the rate of spread, which is consistent with the knowledge that HCMV represses antiviral responses during infection. This experimental system provides a useful means to visualize and quantify complex virus-host interactions.