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1.
S. C. Pessino J. P. A. Ortiz O. Leblanc C. B. do Valle C. Evans M. D. Hayward 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(3-4):439-444
A bulked segregant analysis using RFLPs and RAPDs was carried out to identify molecular markers co-segregating with apomixis
in a Brachiaria F1 population. The test population used was a cross between sexual B. ruziziensis R44 and the aposporous apomictic Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu. The Brachiaria genome was systematically scanned using 61 cDNA and genomic maize clones detecting 65 loci located at 40 cM, on average,
one from each other in the maize genome. The finding of a clone that presented a polymorphic band co-segregating with apomixis
(umc147) led to the identification of another marker within the same area (umc72). The clones belong to a duplicated linkage
group that maps to the distal part of maize chromosome-1 long arm and chromosome-5 short arm. RAPD analysis using 184 primers
from Operon sets yielded one more marker (OPC4) significantly linked to the trait mapping the same locus. OPC4 had been previously
reported as a potential marker for apospory in Pennisetum. A map of the region was constructed using additional clones that belong to the same maize linkage group. Since that was
the only genomic region that presented an apomixis-linked polymorphism our observations support the existence of a single
locus directing apospory in Brachiaria.
Received: 9 September 1996 / Accepted: 20 September 1996 相似文献
2.
P. Ling L. W. Duncan Z. Deng D. Dunn X. Hu S. Huang F.G. Gmitter Jr 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(7):1010-1017
Eleven RAPD markers linked to a gene region conferring resistance to citrus nematodes in an intergen-eric backcross family
were identified. Two sequence- characterized amplified region markers linked to a citrus tristeza virus resistance gene and
one selected resistance gene candidate marker were evaluated for their association with citrus nematode resistance. A nematode-susceptible
citrus hybrid, LB6-2 [Clementine mandarin (Citrus reticulata)×Hamlin orange (C. sinensis)], was crossed with the citrus nematode-resistant hybrid Swingle citrumelo (C. paradisi×Poncirus trifoliata) to produce 62 hybrids that were reproduced by rooted cuttings. The plants were grown in a greenhouse and inoculated with
nematodes isolated from infected field trees. The hybrids segregated widely for this trait in a continuous distribution, suggesting
possible polygenic control of the resistance. Bulked segregant analysis was used to identify markers associated with resistance
by bulking DNA samples from individuals at the phenotypic distribution extremes. Linkage relationships were established by
the inheritance of the markers in the entire population. A single major gene region that contributes to nematode resistance
was identified. The resistance was inherited in this backcross family from the grandparent Poncirus trifoliata as a single dominant gene. QTL analysis revealed that 53.6% of the phenotypic variance was explained by this major gene region.
The existence of other resistance-associated loci was suggested by the continuous phenotypic distribution and the fact that
some moderately susceptible hybrids possessed the resistance-linked markers. The markers may be useful in citrus rootstock
breeding programs if it can be demonstrated that they are valid in other genetic backgrounds.
Received: 4 May 1999 / Accepted: 21 September 1999 相似文献
3.
G. Barcaccia A. Mazzucato A. Belardinelli M. Pezzotti S. Lucretti M. Falcinelli 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(4):516-524
Moving gene(s) responsible for the apomictic trait into crop plants that naturally reproduce through a sexual process would
open up new areas in plant breeding and agricultural systems. Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is one of the most important forage and turf grasses in temperate climates. It reproduces through facultative aposporous
parthenogenesis, but the reproductive behaviour ranges naturally from nearly obligate apomixis to complete sexuality. In addition
to apomictic reproduction, sexual hybridization may take place. Selfing may also occur, and occasionally reduced egg cells
may develop through parthenogenesis generating (poly)haploids. The inheritance of parental genomes was assessed in Kentucky
bluegrass progenies by employing RAPD markers in combination with flow cytometry (FCM). Nine progenies from different crosses
carried out between completely sexual and highly apomictic genotypes were evaluated in order to probe the reproductive behaviour
of the mother plants and to distinguish the different classes of aberrant plants. Not only were maternals and balanced BII hybrids recorded, but so were (poly)triploid BIII hybrids, selfs, and (poly)haploids. The application of these techniques demonstrated that FCM analysis accurately distinguishes
the n, 2n, and 3n ploidy levels of progenies, and that RAPD markers unequivocally recognize progenies of apomictic and hybrid
origin. The occurrence of aneusomaty was documented in one of the selected sexual genotypes, whose crossed progeny plants
manifested two distinct classes of ploidy. The nomenclature BI was adopted to refer to hybrids with a hypodiploid nuclear condition. On the whole, the FCM analysis confirmed most of the
RAPD data. The combined evaluation of DNA markers and DNA contents proved to be an efficient screening tool for scoring maternal
plants, assessing the genetic origin of aberrant plants, and quantifying the inheritance of parental genomes in Kentucky bluegrass.
Hybrid populations from sexual×apomictic matings that segregate for the mode of reproduction represent a valuable basis for
attempting to identify molecular markers linked to the apomixis gene(s).
Received: 11 November 1996/Accepted: 22 November 1996 相似文献
4.
J. T. Ouédraogo V. Maheshwari D. K. Berner C.-A. St-Pierre F. Belzile M. P. Timko 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(6-7):1029-1036
AFLP and bulked segregant analysis were used to identify molecular markers linked to resistance of cowpea [Vigna ungiculata
(L.) Walp.] to parasitism by Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke. Segregation analysis of F2 progeny from a cross of Tvx3236, a Striga-susceptible line, with IT82D-849, a resistant cultivar, showed that resistance
to S. gesnerioides race 1 from Burkina Faso was controlled by a single dominant gene, designated Rsg2–1. Three AFLP markers
were identified that are tightly linked to Rsg2–1: E-AAC/M-CAA300 (2.6 cM), E-ACT/M-CAA524 (0.9 cM), and E-ACA/M-CAT140/150 (0.9 cM), which appears to be codominant. Segregation analysis of a different F2 population resulting from a cross of the Striga-susceptible line IT84S-2246–4 with Tvu 14676, a S. gesnerioides race 3 resistant
line, showed that resistance to S. gesnerioides race 3 was also controlled by a single dominant gene, designated Rsg4–3. Six
AFLP markers linked to Rsg4–3 were identified: E-ACA/M-CAG120 (10.1 cM), E-AGC/M-CAT80 (4.1 cM), E-ACA/M-CAT150 (2.7 cM), E-AGC/M-CAT150 (3.6 cM), E-AAC/M-CAA300 (3.6 cM), and E-AGC/M-CAT70 (5.1 cM). Segregation analysis of the E-AAC/M-CAA300 and E-ACA/M-CAG120 markers in recombinant inbred lines derived from IT84S-2049×524B determined that both are located within linkage group 1
of the cowpea genetic map. The identification of AFLP markers linked to Striga resistance provides a stepping stone for a
marker-assisted selection program and the eventual cloning and characterization of the gene(s) encoding resistance to this
noxious parasitic weed.
Received: 24 April 2000 / Accepted: 21 August 2000 相似文献
5.
Molecular mapping of a rice gene conditioning thermosensitive genic male sterility using AFLP, RFLP and SSR techniques 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
N. V. Dong P. K. Subudhi P. N. Luong V. D. Quang T. D. Quy H. G. Zheng B. Wang H. T. Nguyen 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(5):727-734
The discovery and application of the thermosensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) system has great potential for revolutionizing
hybrid seed production technology in rice. Use of the TGMS system in two-line breeding is simple, inexpensive, efficient,
and eliminates the limitations associated with the cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility (CMS) system. An F2 population developed from a cross between a TGMS indica mutant, TGMS–VN1, and a fertile indica line, CH1, was used to identify molecular markers linked to the TGMS gene and to subsequently determine its chromosomal location
on the linkage map of rice. Bulk segregant analysis was performed using the AFLP technique. From the survey of 200 AFLP primer
combinations, four AFLP markers (E2/M5–600, E3/M16–400, E5/M12–600, and E5/M12–200) linked to the TGMS gene were identified.
All the markers were linked to the gene in the coupling phase. All except E2/M5–200 were found to be low-copy sequences. However,
the marker E5/M12–600 showed polymorphism in RFLP analysis and was closely linked to the TGMS gene at a distance of 3.3 cM.
This marker was subsequently mapped on chromosome 2 using doubled-haploid mapping populations derived from the crosses IR64×Azucena
and CT9993×IR62666, available at IRRI, Philippines, and Texas Tech University, respectively. Linkage of microsatellite marker
RM27 with the TGMS gene further confirmed its location on chromosome 2. The closest marker, E5/M12–600, was sequenced so that
a PCR marker can be developed for the marker-assisted transfer of this gene to different genetic backgrounds. The new TGMS
gene is tentatively designated as tms4(t).
Received: 13 July 1999 / Accepted: 27 July 1999 相似文献
6.
T. Debener L. Mattiesch 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(5):891-899
A segregating population of diploid rose hybrids (2n = 2x = 14) was used to construct the first linkage maps of the rose genome.
A total of 305 RAPD and AFLP markers were analysed in a population of 60 F1 plants based on a so-called ”double-pseudotestcross” design. Of these markers 278 could be located on the 14 linkage groups
of the two maps, covering total map lengths of 326 and 370 cM, respectively. The average distances between markers in the
maps for 93/1–117 and 93/1–119 is 2.4 and 2.6 cM, respectively. In addition to the molecular markers, genes controlling two
phenotypic characters, petal number (double versus single flowers) and flower colour (pink versus white), were mapped on linkage
groups 3 and 2, respectively. The markers closest to the gene for double flowers, Blfo, and to the gene for pink flower colour, Blfa, cosegregated without recombinants. The maps provide a tool for further genetic analyses of horticulturally important genes
as, for example, resistance genes and a starting point for marker-assisted breeding in roses.
Received: 22 September 1998 / Accepted: 12 March 1999 相似文献
7.
R. L. Sebastian E. C. Howell G. J. King D. F. Marshall M. J. Kearsey 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(1):75-81
Genetical maps of molecular markers in two very different F1-derived doubled-haploid populations of Brassica oleracea are compared and the first integrated map described. The F1 crosses were: Chinese kale×calabrese (var. alboglabra×var. italica) and cauliflower×Brussels sprout (var. botrytis×var. gemmifera). Integration of the two component maps using Joinmap v.2.0 was based on 105 common loci including RFLPs, AFLPs and microsatellites.
This provided an effective method of producing a high-density consensus linkage map of the B. oleracea genome. Based on 547 markers mapping to nine linkage groups, the integrated map covers a total map length of 893 cM, with
an average locus interval of 2.6 cM. Comparisons back to the component linkage maps revealed similar sequences of common markers,
although significant differences in recombination frequency were observed between some pairs of homologous markers. Map integration
resulted in an increased locus density and effective population size, providing a stronger framework for subsequent physical
mapping and for precision mapping of QTLs using substitution lines.
Received: 5 February 1999 / Accepted: 16 June 1999 相似文献
8.
Saturation mapping of a major gene for resistance to white pine blister rust in sugar pine 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
D. M. Harkins P. A. Skaggs A. D. Mix G. E. Dupper M. E. Devey B. B. Kinloch Jr. D. B. Neale G. N. Johnson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(8):1355-1360
The molecular basis of resistance to diseases in plants can be better understood if the genes coding for resistance can be
cloned. The single major dominant gene (R) that confers resistance to the white pine blister rust fungus (Cronartium ribicola Fisch.) in sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.) has been previously mapped. The objectives of the present study were to saturate the region flanking R with tightly
linked markers and to construct genetic maps for each of four individual seed trees. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and haploid
segregation analysis were employed to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to R. Automated PCR
analysis was used to assay 1115 primers with susceptible and resistant DNA pools from each of four seed trees (8920 PCR reactions).
Thirteen RAPD loci were identified that were linked to R. The linkage analyses programs JoinMap 1.4 and Mapmaker 2.0 were
used to order RAPD loci relative to R and to construct maps for each of the individual seed trees. Two seed trees, 5701 and
6000, had a large number of tightly linked markers flanking R. These trees will be used in subsequent high-resolution mapping
experiments to identify very tightly linked markers to facilitate the eventual cloning of R.
Received: 1 May 1998 / Accepted: 13 July 1998 相似文献
9.
Martínez Eric J. Hopp H. Esteban Stein Juliana Ortiz Juan P.A. Quarin Camilo L. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2003,12(4):319-327
Tetraploid Paspalum notatum (bahiagrass) is a valuable forage grass with aposporous apomictic reproduction. In a previous study, we showed that apospory in bahiagrass is under the control of a single dominant gene with a distorted segregation ratio. The objective of this work was to identify molecular markers linked to apospory in tetraploid P. notatum and establish a preliminary syntenic relationship with the genomic region associated with apospory in P. simplex. A F1 population of 290 individuals, segregating for apospory, was generated after crossing a completely sexual plant (Q4188) with a natural aposporous apomictic plant (Q4117). The whole progeny was classified as sexual or aposporous by embryo sacs analysis. A bulked segregant analysis was carried out to identify molecular markers co-segregating with apospory. Four hundred RAPD primers, 30 AFLP primers combinations and 85 RFLP clones were screened using DNA from both parental genotypes and aposporous and sexual bulks. Linkage analysis was performed with cytological and genetic information from the complete progeny. Cytoembryological analysis showed 219 sexual and 71 aposporous F1 individuals. Seven different molecular markers (2 RAPD, 4 AFLP and 1 RFLP) were found to be completely linked to apospory. The RFLP probe C1069, mapping to the telomeric region of the long arm of rice chromosome 12, was one of the molecular markers completely linked to apospory in P. notatum. This marker had been previously associated with apospory in P. simplex. A preliminary map of the chromosome region carrying the apospory locus was constructed. 相似文献
10.
The potential of ISSR-PCR primer-pair combinations for genetic linkage analysis using the seasonal flowering locus in Fragaria as a model 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
C. Cekic N. H. Battey M. J. Wilkinson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(4):540-546
ISSR-PCR has been widely used for genetic distance analysis and DNA fingerprinting but has been less well utilised for mapping
purposes. A key limitation lies in the small number of primer designs available to generate useful polymorphisms. In this
study, the potential of paired combinations of ISSR primers is evaluated using a test cross mapping population of 168 BC1 individuals between Fragaria vesca f. vesca and a closely related line F. vesca f. semperflorens. Ten ISSR primers and all possible pairwise combinations between them were used to generate markers potentially linked to
the locus controlling seasonal flowering in F. vesca. Band profiles of individual primers were found to be highly reproducible for band position and intensity, and only minor
variation was noted in band intensity (but not in position) between different constituent mixes of primer-pair combinations.
Overall, ISSR primers used in isolation produced 85 markers of which only five were specific to F. vesca. None of these markers were linked to the seasonal flowering locus. In contrast, the primer-pair combina-tions yielded 493
markers, including 14 specific to F. vesca. These markers included two located within 2.2 cM of the seasonality locus. The strengths and limitations of using pairs
of ISSR primers in combination for mapping and other genetic analyses are briefly explored.
Received: 12 October 2000 / Accepted: 19 January 2001 相似文献
11.
X. Li H. J. van Eck J. N. A. M. Rouppe van der Voort D.-J. Huigen P. Stam E. Jacobsen 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(8):1121-1128
Due to the complexity of tetrasomic inheritance, mapping studies in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) are generally conducted at the diploid level. In the present study we tested the feasibility of Bulked Segregant Analysis
(BSA) using a tetraploid offspring for the identification of AFLP markers linked to the R2 allele, which confers race-specific resistance to Phytophthora infestans. Eleven bulk-specific AFLP markers, detected in fingerprints of 205 AFLP primer combinations, could be mapped in a linkage
group encompassing the R2 locus. The efficiency of BSA at the tetraploid level, determined by the frequency of single-dose restriction fragments (SDRF),
was much higher than expected on the basis of overall genetic dissimilarity between the parental clones. The fortuitous detection
of AFLPs with linkage to the R2 allele is explained on the basis of specific genetic dissimilarity between cultivated potato and the chromosomal segment
introgressed from S. demissum carrying the resistant R2 allele. AFLP markers common to those with linkage to R2 were visually recognized by their electrophoretic mobility in the AFLP fingerprint in a parental clone of a reference mapping
population. Using these common AFLP markers we anchored the linkage group comprising the R2 allele to potato chromosome 4.
Received: 30 October 1997 / Accepted: 6 November 1997 相似文献
12.
AFLP markers in a molecular linkage map of maize: codominant scoring and linkage group ditsribution 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Castiglioni P. Ajmone-Marsan R. van Wijk M. Motto 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(3-4):425-431
We exploited the AFLP technique to saturate a RFLP linkage map derived from a maize mapping population. By using two restriction
enzyme, EcoRI and PstI, differing in methylation sensitivity, both in combination with MseI, we detected 1568 bands of which 340 where polymorphic. These were added to the exitsing RFLP marker data to study the effects
of incorporation of AFLPs produced by different restriction-enzyme combinations upon genetic maps. Addition of the AFLP data
resulted in greater genome coverage, both through linking previously separate groups and the extension of other groups. The
increase of the total map length was mainly caused by the addition of markers to telomeric regions, where RFLP markers were
poorly represented. The percentage of informative loci was significantly different between the EcoRI and PstI assays. There was also evidence that PstI AFLP markers were more randomly distributed across chromosomes and chromosome regions, while EcoRI AFLP markers clustered mainly at centomeric regions. The more-random ditsribution of PstI AFLP markers on the genetic map reported here may reflect a preferential localisation of the markers in the hypomethylated
telomeric regions of the chromosomes.
Received: 22 December 1998 / Accepted: 25 March 1999 相似文献
13.
Genetic fingerprinting for determining the mode of reproduction in Paspalum notatum, a subtropical apomictic forage grass 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
J. P. A. Ortiz S. C. Pessino O. Leblanc M. D. Hayward C. L. Quarín 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):850-856
Paspalum is an important genus of the family Gramineae that includes several valuable forage grasses. Many of the species are polyploid
and either obligate or facultative apomicts. Cyto-embryological observations of several tetraploid genotypes of P. notatum were performed to determine their mode of reproduction. Afterwards, selfed progenies of the genotypes F131, Q3664 and Q4117
were analysed using RFLP and RAPD genetic fingerprints to identify maternal and non-maternal (aberrant) plants, and to establish
the degree of apomictic reproduction. Five maize clones and six primers were used for detecting genetic deviations from the
maternal profile. Maize clones umc379, umc384 and umc318 and primers OPG10 and OPI4 were the most informative for discriminating
between maternal and aberrant individuals within the progenies of F131 and Q3664. The combined results of three RFLP clones
or 4–6 RAPD primers were necessary to ascertain the mode of reproduction in plants F131 and Q3664. The results obtained with
the RFLP and RAPD markers were in agreement with the cyto-embryological studies in ascertaining the mode and degree of apomictic
reproduction. Plant F131 showed a completely sexual reproductive behaviour, Q3664 an elevated expression of sexuality, while
Q4117 was highly apomictic. A fingerprint analysis of an outcrossing population, aimed at the identification of hybrid plants,
was also performed. Maize clones um318 and umc379 and primers OPC2 and OPC9 were used. The presence of specific bands belonging
to the male parent permitted a rapid and easy detection of hybrids. The methodology described here can be applied both for
the characterisation of P. notatum populations and to identify hybrid progenies in Paspalum breeding programs.
Received: 5 March 1997 / Accepted: 13 May 1997 相似文献
14.
RAPD linkage map of the genomic region encompassing the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) resistance locus in carrot 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L. S. Boiteux J. G. Belter P. A. Roberts P. W. Simon 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(3-4):439-446
Inheritance studies have indicated that resistance to the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) in carrot inbred line ’Brasilia-1252’ is controlled by the action of one or two (duplicated) dominant gene(s) located at
a single genomic region (designated the Mj-1 locus). A systematic search for randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to Mj-1 was carried out using bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Altogether 1000 ten-mer primers were screened with 69.1% displaying
scorable amplicons. A total of approximately 2400 RAPD bands were examined. Four reproducible markers (OP-C21700, OP-Q6500, OP-U12700, and OP-AL15500) were identified, in coupling-phase linkage, flanking the Mj-1 region. The genetic distances between RAPD markers and the Mj-1 locus, estimated using an F2 progeny of 412 individuals from ’Brasilia 1252’×’B6274’, ranged from 0.8 to 5.7 cM . The two closest flanking markers (OP-Q6500 and OP-AL15500) encompassed a region of 2.7 cM . The frequency of these RAPD loci was evaluated in 121 accessions of a broad-based carrot
germplasm collection. Only five entries (all resistant to M. javanica and genetically related to ’Brasilia 1252’) exhibited the simultaneous presence of all four markers. An advanced line derived
from the same cross, susceptible to M. javanica but relatively resistant to another root-knot nematode species (M. incognita), did not share three of the closest markers. These results suggest that at least some genes controlling resistance to M. incognita and M. javanica in ’Brasilia 1252’ reside at distinct loci. The low number of markers suggests a reduced amount of genetic divergence between
the parental lines at the region surrounding the target locus. Nevertheless, the low rate of recombination indicated these
markers could be useful landmarks for positional cloning of the resistance gene(s). These RAPD markers could also be used
to increase the Mj-1 frequency during recurrent selection cycles and in backcrossing programs to minimize ’linkage drag’ in elite lines employed
for the development of resistant F1 hybrids.
Received: 22 June 1999 / Accepted: 6 July 1999 相似文献
15.
Porceddu A Albertini E Barcaccia G Falistocco E Falcinelli M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2002,104(2-3):273-280
The high versatility of the mode of reproduction and the retention of a pollen recognition system are the factors responsible
for the extreme complexity of the genome in Poa pratensis L. Two genetic maps, one of an apomictic and one of a sexual genotype, were constructed using a two-way pseudo-testcross
strategy and multiplex PCR-based molecular markers (AFLP and SAMPL). Due to the high ploidy level and the uncertainty of chromosome
pairing-behavior at meiosis, only parent-specific single-dose markers (SDMs) that segregated 1:1 in an F1 mapping population (161 out of 299 SAMPLs, and 70 out of 275 AFLPs) were used for linkage analysis. A total of 41 paternal
(33 SAMPLs and 8 AFLPs) and 47 maternal (33 SAMPLs and 14 AFLPs) SDMs, tested to be linked in coupling phase, were mapped
to 7+7 linkage groups covering 367 and 338.4 cM, respectively. The comparison between the two marker systems revealed that
SAMPL markers were statistically more efficient than AFLP ones in detecting parent-specific SDMs (75% vs 32.4%). There were
no significant differences in the percentages of distorted marker alleles detected by the two marker systems (27.8% of SAMPLs
vs 21.3% of AFLPs). The pairwise comparison of co-segregational groups for linkage detection between marker loci suggested
that at least some of the P. pratensis chromosomes pair preferentially at meiosis-I.
Received: 31 August 2000 / Accepted: 12 January 2001 相似文献
16.
E. Chevreau S. Leuliette M. Gallet 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,94(3-4):498-506
The polymorphism of 11 enzymes was analysed in 11 progenies from controlled crosses between pear varieties, using acrylamide
and starch electrophoresis gels. Twenty-two loci were identified and segregation was scored for 20 of them. Three pairs of
duplicated loci forming intergenic hybrid bands were detected, these correspond to equivalent duplicated genes in apple. A
total of 49 active alleles and 1 null allele were identified. Joint segregation analysis revealed three linkage groups, which
could all be related to existing groups on the apple map. The conservation of isozyme patterns, duplicated genes and linkage
groups indicates a high degree of synteny between apple and pear.
Received: 8 July 1996 / Accepted: 19 July 1996 相似文献
17.
M. Jean G. G. Brown B. S. Landry 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(3):431-438
We have used two targeting approaches [pairs of nearly isogenic lines (NILs) and bulked segregant analysis] to identify DNA
markers linked to the Rfp1 restorer gene for the pol CMS of canola (Brassica napus L.). We were able to target the Rfp1 locus as efficiently by comparing NILs as by bulked segregant analysis, and it was demonstrated in this instance that double-screening
strategies could significantly improve the overall targeting efficiency. The chance occurrence of shared homozygosity at specific
unlinked chromosomal regions in the bulks was found to limit the efficiency of bulked segregant analysis, while the efficiency
of NIL comparison was limited by residual DNA from the donor cultivar at scattered sites throughout the genome of the NILs.
Received: 6 June 1997 / Accepted: 12 February 1998 相似文献
18.
Localization of the rice stripe disease resistance gene, Stv-bi, by graphical genotyping and linkage analyses with molecular markers 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Y. Hayano-Saito T. Tsuji K. Fujii K. Saito M. Iwasaki A. Saito 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(8):1044-1049
We used graphical genotyping and linkage analyses with molecular markers to determine the chromosomal location of the rice
stripe disease resistance gene, Stv-b
i
. The stripe resistance gene from the indica rice (Oryza sativa) cv ‘Modan’ was introgressed into several Japanese rice varieties. We found 4 RFLP markers in ‘Modan’, five susceptible parental
rice varieties (‘Norin No. 8’, ‘Sachihikari’, ‘Kanto No. 98’, ‘Hokuriku No.103’ and ‘Koganebare’) and four resistant progeny
varieties (‘St. No. 1’, ‘Aichi No. 6’, ‘Aoisora’ and ‘Asanohikari’). Graphical genotyping of the resistant progeny revealed
a chromosomal segment ascribable to ‘Modan’ and associated with stripe resistance. The chromosomal segment from ‘Modan’ was
located at 35.85 cM on chromosome 11. Linkage analysis using 120 F2 individuals from a cross between ‘Koshihikari’ (susceptible) and ‘Asanohikari’ (resistant) revealed another 8 RFLP markers
in the same chromosome. We performed a bioassay for rice stripe resistance in F3 lines of the F2 individuals using infective small brown planthoppers and identified an 1.8-cM segment harboring the rice stripe disease resistance
gene, Stv-b
i
, between XNpb220 and XNpb257/ XNpb254. Furthermore, Stv-b
i
was linked by 0.0 cM to a RFLP marker, ST10, which was developed on the basis of the results of RAPD analysis. These DNA
markers near the Stv-b
i
locus may be useful in marker-assisted selection and map-based cloning of the Stv-b
i
gene.
Received: 26 September 1997 / Accepted: 4 November 1997 相似文献
19.
C. Djian-Caporalino L. Pijarowski A. Fazari M. Samson L. Gaveau C. O’Byrne V. Lefebvre C. Caranta A. Palloix P. Abad 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(4):592-600
The PM687 line of Capsicum annuum L. has a single dominant gene, Me
3
, that confers heat-stable resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKN). Me
3
was mapped using doubled-haploid (DH) lines and F2 progeny from a cross between the susceptible cultivar ’Yolo Wonder’ (’YW’) and the highly resistant line ’PM687’. Bulked-segregant
analysis with DNA pools, from susceptible or resistant DH lines, was performed to identify RAPD and AFLP markers linked to
Me
3
. There was no polymorphism between bulks of ten DH lines using over 800 RADP primers (4,000 amplified fragments analysed).
Using 512 AFLP primers (74,000 amplified fragments analysed), and bulked DNA templates from 20 resistant and 20 susceptible
plants, we identified eight repulsion-phase and four coupling-phase markers linked to Me
3.
Analysed in 103 DH progeny, they defined a 56.1-cM interval containing the target gene. The nearest were located 0.5, 1.0,
1.5 and 3.0 centimorgans (cM) on both sides of the gene. Analysis of the F2 progeny (162 plants) with the nearest coupling-phase marker confirmed its close position. Another resistance gene to RKN,
present in ’PM687’ (Me
4
), was shown to be linked to Me
3
, 10 cM from it. In order to localize Me
3
and Me
4
on our reference intraspecific pepper linkage map, two AFLP markers were mapped. The Me
3
nearest marker was 10.1cM from a RAPD marker named Q04_0.3 and 2.7cM from a RFLP marker named CT135. We investigated map-position
orthologies between Me
3
and two other nematode resistance genes, the tomato Mi-3 and the potato Gpa
2
genes, which mapped in the telomeric region of the short arm of the tomato and potato chromosome 12 (or XII for potato).
Received: 23 March 2000 / Accepted: 2 January 2001 相似文献
20.
Identification of AFLP fragments linked to seed coat colour in Brassica juncea and conversion to a SCAR marker for rapid selection 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
M. S. Negi M. Devic M. Delseny M. Lakshmikumaran 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(1-2):146-152
A Brassica juncea mapping population was generated and scored for seed coat colour. A combination of bulked segregant analysis and AFLP methodology
was employed to identify markers linked to seed coat colour in B. juncea. AFLP analysis using 16 primer combinations revealed seven AFLP markers polymorphic between the parents and the bulks. Individual
plants from the segregating population were analysed, and three AFLP markers were identified as being tightly linked to the
seed coat colour trait and specific for brown-seeded individuals. Since AFLP markers are not adapted for large-scale application
in plant breeding, our objective was to develop a fast, cheap and reliable PCR-based assay. Towards this goal, we employed
PCR-walking technology to isolate sequences adjacent to the linked AFLP marker. Based on the sequence information of the cloned
flanking sequence of marker AFLP8, primers were designed. Amplification using the locus-specific primers generated bands at
0.5 kb and 1.2 kb with the yellow-seeded parent and a 1.1-kb band with the brown-seeded parent. Thus, the dominant AFLP marker
(AFLP8) was converted into a simple codominant SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) marker and designated as SCM08.
Scoring of this marker in a segregating population easily distinguished yellow- and brown-seeded B. juncea and also differentiated between homozygous (BB) and heterozygous (Bb) brown-seeded individuals. Thus, this marker will be
useful for the development of yellow seed B. juncea cultivars and facilitate the map-based cloning of genes responsible for seed coat colour trait.
Received: 2 October 1999 / Accepted: 11 November 1999 相似文献