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1.
Background
Few studies have examined the time-course of localized exercise training on regional blood flow in humans. The study examined the influence of handgrip exercise training on forearm reactive hyperemic blood flow and vascular resistance in apparently healthy men.Methods
Forearm blood flow and vascular resistance were evaluated, in 17 individuals [Age: 22.6 ± 3.5], in both arms, at rest and following 5 minutes of arterial occlusion, using strain gauge plethysmography, prior to training (V1) and every week thereafter (V2-5) for 4 weeks. Handgrip exercise was performed in the non-dominant arm 5 d/wk for 20 minutes at 60% of maximum voluntary contraction, while the dominant arm served as control.Results
Resting HR, BP, and forearm blood flow and vascular resistance were not altered with training. The trained arm handgrip strength and circumference increased by 14.5% (p = 0.014) and 1.56% (p = 0.03), respectively. ANOVA tests revealed an arms by visit interaction for the trained arm for reactive hyperemic blood flow (p = 0.02) and vascular resistance (p = 0.009). Post-hoc comparison demonstrated increased reactive hyperemic blood flow (p = 0.0013), and decreased post-occlusion vascular resistance (p = 0.05), following the 1st week of training, with no significant changes in subsequent visits.Conclusion
The results indicate unilateral improvements in forearm reactive hyperemic blood flow and vascular resistance following 1 week of handgrip exercise training and leveled off for the rest of the study.2.
Elif Erdem Ibrahim Inan Harbiyeli Hazal Boral Macit Ilkit Meltem Yagmur Reha Ersoz 《Mycopathologia》2018,183(3):521-527
Purpose
To evaluate the efficiency of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in addition to topical voriconazole in cases with mycotic keratitis.Design
Retrospective case series in a tertiary university hospital.Participants
CXL was performed on 13 patients with mycotic keratitis who presented poor or no response to topical voriconazole treatment.Methods
The clinical features, symptoms, treatment results and complications were recorded retrospectively. The corneal infection was graded according to the depth of infection into the stroma (from grade 1 to grade 3). The visual analogue scale was used to calculate the pain score before and 2 days after surgery.Main Outcome Measures
Grade of the corneal infection.Results
Mean age of 13 patients (6 female and 7 male) was 42.4 ± 17.7 years (20–74 years). Fungus was demonstrated in culture (eight patients) or cytological examination (five patients). Seven of the 13 patients (54%) were healed with topical voriconazole and CXL adjuvant treatment in 26 ± 10 days (15–40 days). The remaining six patients did not respond to CXL treatment; they initially presented with higher grade ulcers. Pre- and post-operative pain score values were 8 ± 0.8 and 3.5 ± 1, respectively (p < 0.05).Conclusions
The current study suggests that adjunctive CXL treatment is effective in patients with small and superficial mycotic ulcers. These observations require further research by large randomized clinical trials.3.
Sami Akbulut Ilker Arer Alper Kocbiyik Mahmut Can Yağmurdur Hamdi Karakayalı Mehmet Haberal 《International Seminars in Surgical Oncology : ISSO》2009,6(1):4
Background
This retrospective study analysed the epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic profiles of breast cancer in males.Methods
We report our experience at the Hospital of the University of Baskent, where 20 cases of male breast cancer were observed and treated between 1995–2008.Results
Median age at presentation was 66,7 ± 10,9 years. Average follow-up was 63 ± 18,5 months. The main presenting symptom was a mass in 65% of cases (13 patients). Ýnvasive ductal carcinoma was the most frequent pathologic type (70% of cases).Conclusion
Male breast cancer patients have an incidence of prostate cancer higher than would be predicted in the general population. Cause of men have a higher rate of ER positivity the responses with hormonal agents are good.4.
Objective
To re-engineer the active site of proteins for non-natural substrates using a position-based prediction method (PBPM).Results
The approach has been applied to re-engineer the E. coli glutamate dehydrogenase to alter its substrate from glutamate to homoserine for a de novo 1,3-propanediol biosynthetic pathway. After identification of key residues that determine the substrate specificity, residue K92 was selected as a candidate site for mutation. Among the three mutations (K92V, K92C, and K92M) suggested by PBPM, the specific activity of the best mutant (K92 V) was increased from 171 ± 35 to 1328 ± 71 μU mg?1.Conclusion
The PBPM approach has a high efficiency for re-engineering the substrate specificity of natural enzymes for new substrates.5.
Wenwen Zhang Zhaohui Chen Mengmeng Wu Zhong Shi Feng Zhu Guoqiang li Ting Ma 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(6):991-997
Objective
To improve the production of welan gum and obtain a carotenoid-free strain while reducing the fermentation and post-treatment costs.Results
The vitreoscilla globin (vgb) gene combined with the β-galactosidase (lacZ) promoter was inserted into the phytoene synthase (crtB) gene region of the chromosome in Alcaligenes sp. ATCC31555. When the recombinant strain was grown in a 5 l fermentor, welan gum was produced at 24 ± 0.4 g l?1 compared to 21 g ± 0.4 g l?1 in the wild type. Furthermore, the carotenoid-free welan gum produced using Alcaligenes sp. ATCC31555 VHb strain was less expensive with improved properties.Conclusions
Alcaligenes sp. ATCC31555 VHb strain was a better neutral welan-producing strain with a higher production than the wild-type strain.6.
Objectives
Establish a method to indirectly measure evaporation in microwell-based cell culture systems and show that the proposed method allows compensating for liquid losses in fed-batch processes.Results
A correlation between evaporation and the concentration of Na+ was found (R2?=?0.95) when using the 24-well-based miniature bioreactor system (micro-Matrix) for a batch culture with GS-CHO. Based on these results, a method was developed to counteract evaporation with periodic water additions based on measurements of the Na+ concentration. Implementation of this method resulted in a reduction of the relative liquid loss after 15 days of a fed-batch cultivation from 36.7?±?6.7% without volume corrections to 6.9?±?6.5% with volume corrections.Conclusion
A procedure was established to indirectly measure evaporation through a correlation with the level of Na+ ions in solution and deriving a simple formula to account for liquid losses.7.
Objectives
To investigate the contribution of direct electron transfer mechanisms to electricity production in microbial fuel cells by physically retaining Shewanella oneidensis cells close to or away from the anode electrode.Results
A maximum power output of 114 ± 6 mWm?2 was obtained when cells were retained close to the anode using a dialysis membrane. This was 3.5 times more than when the cells were separated away from the anode. Without the membrane the maximum power output was 129 ± 6 mWm?2. The direct mechanisms of electron transfer contributed significantly to overall electron transfer from S. oneidensis to electrodes, a result that was corroborated by another experiment where S. oneidensis cells were entrapped in alginate gels.Conclusion
S. oneidensis transfers electrons primarily by direct electron transfer as opposed to mediated electron transfer.8.
Devon A Dobrosielski Arturo A Arce Jason D Allen Robert H Wood Michael A Welsch the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study 《Dynamic medicine : DM》2006,5(1):4
Background
The purpose was to examine the temporal response of the brachial artery diameter following 5 minutes of forearm occlusion in young men. A secondary objective was to compare the main features of the temporal pattern between young and old.Methods
Sixteen young (28 ± 8 yrs) and fifteen older (85 ± 8 yrs) men underwent high-resolution ultrasonography of the brachial artery before and after five minutes of forearm occlusion.Results
Following release of the pressure cuff the brachial artery diameter exhibits a temporal biphasic response. Initially, there is a significant reduction in brachial diameter (NIL) compared to baseline (BASE), followed by a rapid increase to a PEAK at 41 sec post release. When comparing the magnitude of the decrease in diameter and the Brachial Artery Flow Mediated Dilation (BAFMD) between Young and Old, older subjects demonstrated a blunted response (Magnitude of Decrease: Young: 2.0%; Old: 0.4%, p = 0.015, and BAFMD: Young: 7.7%; Old: 2.3%, p = 0.001). Finally, a significant relationship was noted between the magnitude of decrease and BAFMD (r = -0.44, p = 0.04).Conclusion
Examination of the temporal response of the brachial artery diameter following 5 minutes of forearm occlusion reveals a biphasic pattern in all participants. Specific features of this pattern are blunted in older adults compared with younger subjects. Finally, the magnitude of the drop in diameter following forearm occlusion correlates with the magnitude of the BAFMD.9.
Luke S Acree Philip C Comp Thomas L Whitsett Polly S Montgomery Kevin J Nickel Anette S Fjeldstad Cecilie Fjeldstad Andrew W Gardner 《Dynamic medicine : DM》2007,6(1):4
Objective
To determine whether differences in vascular reactivity existed among normal weight, overweight, and obese older men and women, and to examine the association between abdominal fat distribution and vascular reactivity.Methods
Eighty-seven individuals who were 60 years of age or older (age = 69 ± 7 yrs; mean ± SD) were grouped into normal weight (BMI < 25; n = 30), overweight (BMI ≥ 25 and < 30; n = 28), or obese (BMI ≥ 30; n = 29) categories. Calf blood flow (BF) was assessed by venous occlusion strain-gauge plethysmography at rest and post-occlusive reactive hyperemia.Results
Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia BF was lower (p = 0.038) in the obese group (5.55 ± 4.67 %/min) than in the normal weight group (8.34 ± 3.89 %/min). Additionally, change in BF from rest to post-occlusion in the obese group (1.93 ± 2.58 %/min) was lower (p = 0.001) than in the normal weight group (5.21 ± 3.59 %/min), as well as the percentage change (75 ± 98 % vs. 202 ± 190 %, p = 0.006, respectively). After adjusting for age, prevalence in hypertension and calf skinfold thickness, change in BF values remained lower (p < 0.05) in obese subjects compared to the normal weight subjects. Lastly, the absolute and percentage change in BF were significantly related to BMI (r = -0.44, p < 0.001, and r = -0.37, p < 0.001, respectively) and to waist circumference (r = -0.36, p = 0.001, and r = -0.32, p = 0.002).Conclusion
Obesity and abdominal adiposity impair vascular reactivity in older men and women, and these deleterious effects on vascular reactivity are independent of conventional risk factors.10.
Ylva Gårdinger Anna Dieden Joanna Hlebowicz Ola Björgell Magnus Dencker 《Cardiovascular ultrasound》2017,15(1):10
Background
Myocardial performance index (MPI) has been investigated in a variety of populations, but the effect of food intake has not been evaluated. We assessed whether myocardial performance index is affected by food intake in healthy subjects.Methods
Twenty-three healthy subjects aged 25.6?±?4.5 years were investigated. MPI was measured before, 30 min after, and 110 min after a standardized meal.Results
MPI decreased significantly (P?<?0.05) from fasting values 30 min after the meal, and had almost returned to baseline after 110 min. MPI decreased from 0.28?±?0.06 (fasting) to 0.20?±?0.07 30 min after eating. At 110 min after eating the index value was almost back to the baseline value 0.26?±?0.06. (P?=?0.15).Conclusions
This study shows that myocardial performance index is affected by food intake in healthy subjects.11.
Patrizia Aruta Denisa Muraru Andrada Camelia Guta Sorina Mihaila Niccolò Ruozi Chiara Palermo Basma Elnagar Sabino Iliceto Luigi P. Badano 《Cardiovascular ultrasound》2018,16(1):27
Background
Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) is a new therapeutic option for high surgical risk patients with mitral regurgitation (MR). Mitral valve (MV) geometry quantification is of paramount importance for success of the procedure and transthoracic 3D echocardiography represents a useful screening tool. Accordingly, we sought to asses MV geometry in patients with functional MR (FMR) that would potentially benefit of TMVR, focusing on the comparison of mitral annulus (MA) geometry between patients with ischemic (IMR) and non ischemic mitral regurgitation (nIMR).Methods
We retrospectively selected 94 patients with severe FMR: 41 (43,6%) with IMR and 53 (56,4%) with nIMR. 3D MA analysis was performed on dedicated transthoracic 3D data sets using a new, commercially-available software package in two moments of the cardiac cycle (early-diastole and mid-systole). We measured MA dimension and geometry parameters, left atrial and left ventricular volumes.Results
Maximum (MA area 10.7?±?2.5 cm2 vs 11.6?±?2.7 cm2, p?>?0.05) and the best fit plane MA area (9.9?±?2.3 cm2 vs 10.7?±?2.5 cm2, p?>?0.05, respectively) were similar between IMR and nIMR. nIMR patients showed larger mid-systolic 3D area (9.8?±?2.3 cm2 vs 10.8?±?2.7 cm2, p?<?0.05) and perimeter (11.2?±?1.3 cm vs 11.8?±?1.5 cm, p?<?0.05) with longer and larger leaflets, and wider aorto-mitral angle (135?±?10° vs 141?±?11°, p?<?0.05). Conversely, the area of MA at the best fit plane did not differ between IMR and nIMR patients (9?±?1.1 cm2 vs 9.9?±?1.5 cm2, p?>?0.05).Conclusions
Patients with ischemic and non-ischemic etiology of FMR have similar maximum dimension, yet systolic differences between the two groups should be taken into account to tailor prosthesis’s selection.Trial registration
N.A.12.
D.H.F. Gommans J. Bakker G.E. Cramer F.W.A. Verheugt M.A. Brouwer M.J.M. Kofflard 《Netherlands heart journal》2016,24(5):326-331
Purpose
The use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) analysis has increased in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Quantification of left ventricular (LV) measures will be affected by the inclusion or exclusion of the papillary muscles as part of the LV mass, but the magnitude of effect and potential consequences are unknown.Methods
We performed Cine-CMR in (1) clinical HCM patients (n?=?55) and (2) subclinical HCM mutation carriers without hypertrophy (n?=?14). Absolute and relative differences in LV ejection fraction (EF) and mass were assessed between algorithms with and without inclusion of the papillary muscles.Results
Papillary muscle mass in group 1 was 6.6?±?2.5 g/m2 and inclusion of the papillary muscles resulted in significant relative increases in LVEF of 4.5?±?1.8?% and in LV mass of 8.7?±?2.6?%. For group 2 these figures were 4.0?±?0.9 g/m2, 3.8?±?1.0?% and 9.5?±?1.8?%, respectively. With a coefficient of variation of 4?%, this 9?% difference in LV mass during CMR follow-up will be considered a change, while in fact the exact same mass may have been assessed according to two different algorithms.Conclusions
In clinical HCM patients, CMR quantification of important LV measures is significantly affected by inclusion or exclusion of the papillary muscles. In relative terms, the difference was similar in subjects without hypertrophy. This underscores a general need for a uniform approach in CMR image analysis.13.
Junzhi Wang Cheng Zheng Tianyi Zhang Yingmiao Liu Zhuopei Cheng Dong Liu Hanjie Ying Huanqing Niu 《Biotechnology letters》2017,39(12):1875-1881
Objectives
To develop a new one-pot polyphosphate kinase (PPK) system with low cost and high efficiency for ATP regeneration in industrial CTP production.Results
We developed a new one-pot PPK system by applying a three-enzyme cascade (CMK, NDK and PPK) with an in vitro polyP-based ATP regeneration system. The PPK was selected from twenty sources, and was made solvable by fusion expressing with soluble protein and constructing polycistronic plasmids, or co-expressing with molecular chaperones GroES/EL. Activities of other enzymes were optimized by employing fusion expression, tac-pBAD system, Rosetta host and codon optimization. After 24 h, the concentration of CDP and CTP reached 3.8 ± 0.2 and 6.9 ± 0.3 mM l?1 respectively with a yield of approximately 79%. The molar conversion rate of CTP was 51%, and its yield and conversion rate increased 100% from the traditional system.Conclusions
A new one-pot ATP regeneration system applying polyphosphate kinase for CTP production was developed.14.
Benedito B da Silva Daniel S Moita Cleicilene G Pires Edílson C Sousa-Junior Alesse R dos Santos Pedro V Lopes-Costa 《International Seminars in Surgical Oncology : ISSO》2007,4(1):18
Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate serum IGF-I levels in postmenopausal women with breast cancer treated primarily with raloxifene.Methods
Twenty-two postmenopausal patients with operable, stage I or II, estrogen receptor-positive carcinomas participated in this study. Following confirmation of diagnosis, the patients received 60 mg of raloxifene for 28 days prior to definitive surgery. Blood samples were collected for evaluation of serum IGF-I levels prior to initiating medication and following a 28-day treatment course. Student's t-test for paired samples was used in the statistical analysis. Significance was established at p < 0.05.Results
Mean serum IGF-I levels pre- and post-raloxifene treatment were 143.7 ± 9.7 ng/ml and 94.8 ± 7.6 ng/ml, respectively. This reduction in serum IGF-I levels following treatment with raloxifene was statistically significant (p < 0.001).Conclusion
Raloxifene significantly reduced serum IGF-I levels in postmenopausal women with breast cancer.15.
Wenguang Zhang Dongmei Liu Jianzhuang Ren Pengli Zhou Xinwei Han 《Biotechnology letters》2018,40(2):271-278
Objectives
To investigate the potential role and underlying mechanism of Sirtuin2 (SIRT2) in regulating high glucose (HG)-induced vascular endothelial cell injury by using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Results
SIRT2 mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased in HG-treated HUVECs. SIRT2 overexpression increased viability, decreased apoptosis and reduced levels of reactive oxygen species in HG-treated HUVECs. SIRT2 overexpression decreased TNF-α expression (146.5 ± 22.8 pg TNF-α ml?1) relative to that in the empty vector group (263.5 ± 18.5 pg TNF-α ml?1) and decreased MCP-1 expression (63.8 ± 9.85 pg MCP-1 ml?1) relative to that in the empty vector group (105.8 ± 8.5 pg MCP-1 ml?1). SIRT2 overexpression decreased the acetylation of p53 by 33% and decreased the acetylation of NF-κB p65 by 58% in HG-treated HUVECs.Conclusion
SIRT2 prevents HG-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through suppressing the p53 and NF-κB signaling pathways.16.
In-Kyung Song Sang-Hwan Ji Eun-Hee Kim Ji-Hyun Lee Jin-Tae Kim Hee-Soo Kim 《BMC anesthesiology》2017,17(1):167
Background
Surgical stress index (SSI) is an established indicator for intraoperative nociception. Opioids are used to block stimulus of cranial pinning in neurosurgery. We investigated the effect of different infusion rates of sufentanil on SSI during cranial pinning in children under general anaesthesia.Methods
Forty-nine children (2–12 years of age) underwent neurosurgery with pinning. The children were randomized into three groups based on the rate of sufentanil infusion: 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 μg·kg?1·hr.?1. Continuous sufentanil infusion began following neuromuscular blockade administration, at a rate determined by each patient’s assigned treatment group. Following preparation for surgery, cranial pinning was performed. Systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures, along with heart rate and photoplethysmographic data, were continuously recorded from 1 min prior to cranial pinning through 5 min after cranial pinning, in 1-min intervals. SSI was calculated following the completion of surgery. Differences in measured outcomes over time among the three groups were evaluated using a generalized estimation equation. Differences in pinning outcomes in the same group were evaluated with Freidman test.Results
We found no statistical differences in long-term SSI that were associated with different infusion rates of sufentanil during cranial pinning. Blood pressures in all groups increased for 2 min after cranial pinning, and then decreased; we found no statistical difference in long-term blood pressure values among the groups. Heart rate increased after pinning in the group that received a low-dose infusion of sufentanil.Conclusions
Since SSI was intended to measure the blunting effects of sufentanil towards the noxious stimulus of cranial pinning, our results suggest that SSI might not be sufficiently sensitive to monitor the nociceptive response in children.Trial registration
(KCT0000978, Jan-07, 2014).17.
An improved formula for evaluating electrical capacitance using the dissipation factor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Imre Cseresnyés Sándor Kabos Tünde Takács Krisztina R. Végh Eszter Vozáry Kálmán Rajkai 《Plant and Soil》2017,419(1-2):237-256
Background and aims
The measurement of electrical capacitance in root–soil system (CR) is a useful method for estimating the root system size (RSS) in situ; however, CR–RSS regressions are often poor. It was hypothesized that this weak relationships could be partly due to the variable energy-loss rate, indicated by the dissipation factor (DF).Methods
The values of CR and the associated DF were measured in six plant species grown in quasi-hydroponic pumice medium, arenosol and chernozem soil. The dielectric properties of the plant growth media were also recorded. A modified root–soil capacitance, CDF, was calculated from each CR/DF pair according to the formula CDF = CR·(DF/DFmean)α by estimating α with a standard nonlinear minimization of the sum of squared residuals for CDF–RSS regressions.Results
The capacitive behavior of the medium improved (mean DF decreased) but fluctuated increasingly as the substrate became more complex. The mean DF values in plant–substrate systems were chiefly determined by the plant and were the most variable in chernozem soil. This strengthening substrate effect on CR measurements appeared as a decreasing trend in the R2 values obtained for the CR–RSS regressions. The regression slope was influenced by plant species and medium, while the y-intercept differed only between substrate types. The proposed use of CDF in place of CR could significantly improve the R2 of CDF–RSS regressions, particularly in chernozem soil (R2 increased by 0.07–0.31).Conclusions
The application of CDF will provide more reliable and accurate RSS estimations and more efficient statistical comparisons. The findings are worth considering in future investigations using the root capacitance method.18.
JB Parentes-Vieira PV Lopes-Costa CG Pires AR dos Santos JD Pereira-Filho BB da Silva 《International Seminars in Surgical Oncology : ISSO》2007,4(1):22
Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate angiogenesis according to CD34 antigen expression in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and negative breast carcinomas.Methods
This study comprised 64 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma in postmenopausal women divided into two groups: Group A: ER-positive, n = 35; and Group B: ER-negative, n = 29. The anti-CD34 monoclonal antibody was used as a marker for endothelial cells. Microvessel count was carried out in 10 fields per slide using a 40× objective lens (magnification 400×). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using Student's t-test (p < 0.05).Results
The mean number of vessels stained with the anti-CD34 antibody in the estrogen receptor-positive and negative tumors was 23.51 ± 1.15 and 40.24 ± 0.42, respectively. The number of microvessels was significantly greater in the estrogen receptor-negative tumors (p < 0.001).Conclusion
ER-negative tumors have significantly greater CD34 antigen expression compared to ER-positive tumors.19.
N. Cesbron A.-L. Royer Y. Guitton A. Sydor B. Le Bizec G. Dervilly-Pinel 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(8):99
Introduction
Collecting feces is easy. It offers direct outcome to endogenous and microbial metabolites.Objectives
In a context of lack of consensus about fecal sample preparation, especially in animal species, we developed a robust protocol allowing untargeted LC-HRMS fingerprinting.Methods
The conditions of extraction (quantity, preparation, solvents, dilutions) were investigated in bovine feces.Results
A rapid and simple protocol involving feces extraction with methanol (1/3, M/V) followed by centrifugation and a step filtration (10 kDa) was developed.Conclusion
The workflow generated repeatable and informative fingerprints for robust metabolome characterization.20.
Cecilie Fjeldstad Anette S Fjeldstad Luke S Acree Kevin J Nickel Andrew W Gardner 《Dynamic medicine : DM》2008,7(1):4