共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
To examine the mode of transmission of BK polyomavirus (BKV), urine samples were collected from Japanese-Americans in Los Angeles and from other southern Californians. Subtype I was the main subtype found in samples from both groups. The subtype I subgroup Ib-2, which is predominant in Europe, was the primary subgroup detected in second-generation Japanese-Americans and in southern Californians; however, the Ic subgroup prevalent in native Japanese was rare in these populations. Since the European subgroup (Ib-2) predominated in the studied geographic area, the findings demonstrate that transmission outside the family is common in the spread of BKV, unlike previous findings for JC polyomavirus. 相似文献
2.
Kaori Tanaka Tsukasa Hori Naoki Hatakeyama Masaki Yamamoto Rumiko Takayama Yuko Yoto Nobuhiro Suzuki Toshiaki Hayashi Yukiho Ikeda Hiroshi Ikeda Tadao Ishida Hiroyuki Tsutsumi 《Microbiology and immunology》2009,53(6):319-322
BK polyomavirus (BKV) is ubiquitous among humans, usually infecting them asymptomatically during childhood. BKV persists in renal tissue of individuals and their progeny are excreted in urine, particularly in immunocompromised patients. JC virus, another human polyomavirus, has been considered to be transmitted from parents to children during prolonged cohabitation. However, BKV has been supposed to be transmitted not only within but also outside the family. In the present study, to clarify this possibility, we analyzed phylogenetically 35 BKV which were excreted in the urine by Japanese children and adults undergoing stem cell transplantation. Subtypes I, III and IV were detected in 15, two and one children and in 15, one and one adults, respectively. Among 15 subtype I isolates from children, three, four and eight belonged to subgroups Ia, Ib-1 and Ic, respectively. All the three children from whom Ia was detected were less than 9 years old. In contrast in the adults, three subtype I belonged to Ib-1 and the other 12 to Ic. These findings may reflect the recent transmission of BKV Ia strains to Japanese children. 相似文献
3.
Nishimoto Y Zheng HY Zhong S Ikegaya H Chen Q Sugimoto C Kitamura T Yogo Y 《Journal of molecular evolution》2007,65(1):103-111
Similarly to other members of the Polyomaviridae family, BK virus (BKV) is thought to have co-evolved with its human host.
BKV has four subtypes that are distinguishable by immunological reactivity, with two (subtypes I and IV) being most prevalent
in human populations. Subtype I is the major subtype worldwide, whereas subtype IV is prevalent in East Asia and Europe but
rare in Africa. The geographic distribution pattern of subtype IV BKV is in apparent disagreement with the hypothesis that
BKV co-evolved with humans, since subtype IV rarely occurs in Africa. To elucidate the origin of subtype IV, 53 complete subtype
IV sequences derived from East Asians and Europeans were subjected to a detailed phylogenetic analysis using the maximum-likelihood
and neighbor-joining methods. We identified six subgroups (a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, and c2) that formed a tree represented by the
formula: “(a1, a2), ((b1, b2), (c1, c2)).” Interestingly, we found a close correlation between subtype IV subgroups and population
geography; thus, all subgroups except c2 were prevalent in particular East Asian populations, with c2 occurring in both Europe
and Northeast Asia. From these findings, we conclude that subtype IV of BKV now prevalent in modern humans is derived from
a virus that infected ancestral Asians. We introduce two hypotheses to explain how ancestral Asians became infected with subtype
IV BKV.
[Reviewing
Editor: Dr. Joshua Plotkin]
Yuriko Nishimoto and Huai-Ying Zheng are two authors contributed equally to this article. 相似文献
4.
Nishimoto Y Takasaka T Hasegawa M Zheng HY Chen Q Sugimoto C Kitamura T Yogo Y 《Journal of molecular evolution》2006,63(3):341-352
The human polyomavirus BK virus (BKV) is ubiquitous in humans, infecting children asymptomatically. BKV is the only primate
polyomavirus that has subtypes (I–IV) distinguishable by immunological reactivity. Nucleotide (nt) variations in a major capsid
protein (VP1) gene region (designated the epitope region), probably responsible for antigenic diversity, have been used to
classify BKV isolates into subtypes. Here, with all the protein-encoding gene sequences, we attempted to elucidate the evolutionary
relationships among 28 BKV isolates belonging to subtypes I, III, and IV (no isolate belonging to subtype II, a minor one,
was included). First, using the GTR + Γ + I model, maximum likelihood trees were reconstructed for individual viral genes
as well as for concatenated viral genes. On the resultant trees, the 28 BKV isolates were consistently divided into three
clades corresponding to subtypes I, III, and IV, although bootstrap probabilities are not always high. Then we used more sophisticated
likelihood models, one of which takes account of codon structure, to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among BKV subtypes,
but the phylogeny of the deep branchings remained ambiguous. Furthermore, the possibility of positive selection in the evolution
of BKV was examined using the nonsynonymous/synonymous rate ratio as a measure of selection. An analysis based on entire genes
could not detect any strong evidence for positive selection, but that based on the epitope region identified a few sites potentially
under positive selection (these sites were among those showing subtype linked polymorphisms).
These author Yuriko Nishimoto and Tomokazu Takasaka contributed equally to this article.
[Reviewing Editor: Dr. Rasmus Nielsen] 相似文献
5.
Shan Zhong Byung-Hoon Jeong Hiroshi Ikegaya Yong-Sun Kim Yawei Xu Mengyun Zhu Yuegen Chao Makoto Suzuki Tadaichi Kitamura Yukio Homma Yoshiaki Yogo 《Microbiology and immunology》2009,53(5):266-276
BKV is widespread among humans, infecting children asymptomatically and then persisting in renal tissue. Based on the serological or phylogenetic method, BKV isolates worldwide are classified into four subtypes (I–IV), with subtypes I and IV further divided into several genetically-distinct subgroups. Since, similarly to JCV, a close relationship exists between BKV lineages and human populations, BKV should be useful as a marker to trace human migrations. To elucidate ancient human migrations in northeast Asia, urine samples were collected from immunocompetent elderly patients in Shanghai, China; Anyang, South Korea; and various locations in Japan. Partial and complete BKV genomes from these samples were amplified and sequenced using PCR, and the determined sequences were classified into subtypes and subgroups by phylogenetic and SNP analyses. In addition, based on an SNP analysis, the major subtype I subgroup (I/c) was classified into two subdivisions, I/c/Ch and I/c/KJ. The distribution patterns of BKV subgroups and subdivisions among the three regions were compared. Some aspects of the subgroup and subdivision distribution were more similar between Korea and Japan, but others were more similar between China and Korea or between China and Japan. Based on these findings, we inferred various northeast Asian migrations. Most of the JCV-based inferences of northeastern Asian migrations were consistent with those based on BKV, but the previously suggested migration route from the Asian continent to the Japanese archipelago seemed to need revision. 相似文献
6.
Długosz A Rynans S Dzieciatkowski T Młynarczyk G 《Medycyna do?wiadczalna i mikrobiologia》2011,63(1):81-87
The human polyomavirus BK (BKV) is wide-spread pathogen, associated with urogenital tract disorders or even nephropathy in immunosuppressed patients. Nowadays molecular detection by real-time PCR (qPCR) is recognized as a method-of-choice for detecting human polyomaviruses in clinical samples. The aim of the study was development of real-time PCR assay for detection and quantification of polyomavirus BK DNA in clinical samples, using specific primers targeting a viral DNA VP3 gene and a TaqMan hydrolyzing probe. The analytical sensitivity of assay was tested using serial dilutions of BKV DNA in range between 13500 and 15 copies/ml. 27 urine samples and 23 plasma samples taken from a group of 22 adult recipients of allogeneic HSCT were tested for the presence of polyomavirus BK in the LightCycler system. Described in-house real-time PCR assay detected BKV DNA in 8 specimens (6 urine and 2 plasma). Detected average viral load was 170 copies/ml for plasma and 1250 copies/ml for urine samples, respectively. The results of this study show that developed TaqMan-based probe qPCR assay is very reliable and valuable for detection and quantification of BKV DNA, both in urine and plasma samples. These data, combined with its rapid turnaround time for results and decreased hands-on time, make the LightCycler PCR assay highly suitable for the rapid diagnostics of polyomavirus BK infections in the clinical laboratory. 相似文献
7.
Potential transmission of human polyomaviruses through the gastrointestinal tract after exposure to virions or viral DNA 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9 下载免费PDF全文
Bofill-Mas S Formiga-Cruz M Clemente-Casares P Calafell F Girones R 《Journal of virology》2001,75(21):10290-10299
The mechanism of human-to-human transmission of the polyomaviruses JC virus (JCV) and BK virus (BKV) has not been firmly established with regard to possible human exposure. JCV and BKV have been found in sewage samples from different geographical areas in Europe, Africa, and the United States, with average concentrations of 10(2) to 10(3) JCV particles/ml and 10(1) to 10(2) BKV particles/ml. Selected polyomavirus-positive sewage samples were further characterized. The JCV and BKV present in these samples were identified by sequencing of the intergenic region (the region found between the T antigen and VP coding regions) of JCV and the VP1 region of BKV. The regulatory region of the JCV and BKV strains found in sewage samples presented archetypal or archetype-like genetic structures, as described for urine samples. The stability (the time required for a 90% reduction in the virus concentration) of the viral particles in sewage at 20 degrees C was estimated to be 26.7 days for JCV and 53.6 days for BKV. The presence of JCV in 50% of the shellfish samples analyzed confirmed the stability of these viral particles in the environment. BKV and JCV particles were also found to be stable at pH 5; however, treatment at a pH lower than 3 resulted in the detection of free viral DNA. Since most humans are infected with JCV and BKV, these data indicate that the ingestion of contaminated water or food could represent a possible portal of entrance of these viruses or polyomavirus DNA into the human population. 相似文献
8.
Fioriti D Videtta M Mischitelli M Degener AM Russo G Giordano A Pietropaolo V 《Journal of cellular physiology》2005,204(2):402-406
In human cancer, a role has been suggested for the human polyomavirus BK, primarily associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis and ureteric stenosis in renal transplant recipients, and with hemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. After the initial infection, primarily unapparent and without clinical signs, the virus disseminates and establishes a persistent infection in the urinary tract and lymphocytes. There is correlative evidence regarding potential role of polyomavirus BK in cancer. In fact, the BK virus (BKV) DNA (complete genome and/or subgenomic fragments containing the early region) is able to transform embryonic fibroblasts and cells cultured from kidney and brain of hamster, mouse, rat, rabbit, and monkey. Nevertheless, transformation of human cells by BKV is inefficient and often abortive. Evidence supporting a possible role for BKV in human cancer has accumulated slowly in recent years, after the advent of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). BKV is known to commonly establish persistent infections in people and to be excreted in the urine by individuals who are asymptomatic, complicating the evaluation of its potential role in development of human cancer. Therefore, there is no certain proof that human polyomavirus BK directly causes the cancer in humans or acts as a cofactor in the pathogenesis of some types of human cancer. 相似文献
9.
Two new human papovavirus isolates (JMV and MMV) from the urines of patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome were morphologically and serologically identical to BK virus (BKV). The genomes of these two new isolates were found to be indistinguishable from prototype BKV DNA in a variety of nucleic acid hybridization experiments. Like BKV DNA, JMV and MMV DNAs share approximately 20% of their polynucleotide sequences with simian virus 40 DNA. The genome of JMV was indistinguishable from that of BKV by restriction endonuclease analysis; MMV DNA contained three instead of four R-Hind cleavage sites and one rather than no R-HpaII cleavage sites. Physical maps of the BKV and MMV genomes were constructed using restriction endonucleases, and these maps were oriented to the map of simian virus 40 DNA. 相似文献
10.
Bergallo M Merlino C Bollero C Scutera S Sinesi F Cavallo R 《The new microbiologica》2002,25(3):331-334
Several studies report a correlation between the human polyomavirus BK (BKV) and interstitial nephritis in renal transplant recipients in whom immunosuppressive treatment is thought to allow or induce reactivation of the virus. Furthermore, it is described that nephropathy may result from the use of newly introduced immunosuppressive drugs. In the present study, we evaluated the presence of BKV DNA by nested-PCR (n-PCR) in urine and serum samples from 35 renal transplant patients related to the immunosuppressive regimens and renal function. 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
Chie Sugimoto Kazuya Hara Fumiaki Taguchi Yoshiaki Yogo 《Journal of molecular evolution》1990,31(6):485-492
Summary Within the genome of human polyomavirus BK (BKV), there exists a noncoding regulatory region toward the late region side of the origin of DNA replication. In most BKV strains isolated by viral culture, this regulatory region contains tandem repeats varying in size. Recently. however, several laboratories isolated new BKV strains (designated as archetypal strains) lacking such repeat sequences. To examine the genetic relationship between archetypal strains, a phylogenetic tree was constructed for seven BKV strains, including three archetypal strains, from DNA sequence data on the late genes, those for leader protein (agnoprotein), and those for structural proteins (VP1, VP2, and VP3). For three strains data previously reported were used, whereas for the others sequences were determined in this study. From total numbers of nucleotide substitutions in each pair of strains, a phylogenetic tree was constructed by the unweighted pair-group method. The phylogenetic tree obtained reveals that BKV strains containing the archetypal regulatory region do not constitute a cluster of closely related strains and that these strains, together with those carrying the major part of the archetypal regulatory region, are widespread in the BKV population. This finding suggests that the basic structure of the archetypal regulatory region has been conserved in the course of BKV evolution. 相似文献
14.
Dugan AS Maginnis MS Jordan JA Gasparovic ML Manley K Page R Williams G Porter E O'Hara BA Atwood WJ 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2008,283(45):31125-31132
BK virus (BKV) is a polyomavirus that establishes a lifelong persistence in most humans and is a major impediment to success of kidney grafts. The function of the innate immune system in BKV infection and pathology has not been investigated. Here we examine the role of antimicrobial defensins in BKV infection of Vero cells. Our data show that alpha-defensin human neutrophil protein 1 (HNP1) and human alpha-defensin 5 (HD5) inhibit BKV infection by targeting an early event in the viral lifecycle. HD5 treatment of BKV reduced viral attachment to cells, whereas cellular treatment with HD5 did not. Colocalization studies indicated that HD5 interacts directly with BKV. Ultrastructural analysis revealed HD5-induced aggregation of virions. HD5 also inhibited infection of cells by other related polyomaviruses. This is the first study to demonstrate polyomavirus sensitivity to defensins. We also show a novel mechanism whereby HD5 binds to BKV leading to aggregation of virion particles preventing normal virus binding to the cell surface and uptake into cells. 相似文献
15.
Pomara G Cappello F Barzon L Morelli G Rappa F Benvegna L Giannarini G Palù G Selli C 《European journal of histochemistry : EJH》2006,50(2):131-132
We report a case of a 64-year-old woman who underwent left adrenalectomy with removal of a 8,5 cm clinically non-functioning adrenocortical adenoma and a 4-cm myelolipoma. Molecular testing for viral infection demonstrated the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA sequences in the adrenal adenoma, but not in the myelolipoma (confirmed by immunohistochemistry). Moreover, the adrenal adenoma was also positive for parvovirus B19, and both adrenal tumor samples were positive for polyomavirus BK (BKV) and adenovirus DNA sequences. This is the first report of co-infection of an adrenocortical adenoma by CMV and BKV. The role of these viruses in adrenal tumorigenesis was postulated. 相似文献
16.
17.
Nucleotide sequence of the human polyomavirus AS virus, an antigenic variant of BK virus. 总被引:10,自引:6,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
The complete DNA sequence of the human polyomavirus AS virus (ASV) is presented. Although ASV can be differentiated antigenically from the other human polyomaviruses (BK and JC viruses), it shares 94.9% homology at the nucleotide level with the Dunlop strain of BK virus. Differences found in ASV relative to BK virus include the absence of tandem repeats in its regulatory region, the deletion of 32 nucleotides in the late mRNA leader region (altering the initiation codon for the agnoprotein), the presence of a cluster of base pair substitutions within the coding region of the major capsid protein, VP1, and the absence of 4 amino acids in the carboxy-terminal region of the early protein, T antigen. The 43 nucleotides deleted in the Dunlop strain of BK virus relative to the Gardner prototype strain of BK virus are present in ASV. Possible reasons for the distinct antigenicity of the ASV capsid, given the high degree of nucleotide homology with BK virus, are discussed. To reflect the high degree of sequence homology between ASV and BK virus, we suggest ASV be renamed BKV(AS). 相似文献
18.
Machado DM Fink MC Pannuti CS Succi RC Machado AA Carmo FB Gouvêa Ade F Urbano PR Beltrão SV Santos IC Machado CM 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2011,106(8):931-935
The aim of this study was to characterize the urinary excretion of the BK (BKV) and JC (JCV) human polyomaviruses in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and adolescents. One hundred and fifty-six patients were enrolled: Group I included 116 HIV-infected children and adolescents [median age = 11.4 years (y); range 1-22 y]; Group II included 40 non-HIV-infected healthy controls (median age = 11.37 y; range 7-16 y). Single urine samples from both groups were screened for the presence of JCV and BKV DNA by polymerase chain reaction at enrolment. The overall rate of JCV and BKV urinary excretion was found to be 24.4% and 40.4%, respectively (n = 156). Group I had urinary excretion of JCV and BKV in 27.6% and 54.3% of subjects, respectively. In contrast, Group II showed positive results for JCV in 17.5% of subjects and for BKV in 12.5% of subjects (p Pearson JCV = 0.20; p Pearson BKV < 0.0001). In Group I, there was no association between JCV/BKV shedding and age, gender or CD4 values. Patients with an HIV viral load < 50 copies/mL had a lower excretion of BKV (p < 0.001) and a trend of lower JCV excretion (p = 0.07). One patient in Group I (1/116, 0.9%) showed clinical and radiological features consistent with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, suggesting that children with HIV/polyomavirus coinfection should be kept under surveillance. 相似文献
19.
20.
Konietzny R Fischer R Ternette N Wright CA Turney BW Chakera A Hughes D Kessler BM Pugh CW 《Clinical proteomics》2012,9(1):4-9