世界红树植物区系

探讨了世界红树林植物区系的种类组成及其特点。确认全世界共有红树植物16科24属84种(含12变种)，其中真红树为11科16属70种(含12变种)，半红树为5科8属14种。东方类群有14科18属74种(含12变种)，以／legiceras，Osbornia，／legialitis，Bruguiera，Ceriops，Kandelia，Scyphiphora和。Nypa等属为特征；西方类群有5科6属10种，具有单种特有科皮利西科Pelliceraceae以及laguncularia属。中国红树植物区系有12科15属26种(含1变种)，其中特有种4种。海南的红树植物种类最为丰富，占全国的96．2％；广东次之，占42．3％。台湾记载的红茄苳(Rhizophoram,ucronata)其实为红树榄R．stylose之误。     

世界红树植物区系

探讨了世界红树林植物区系的种类组成及其特点.确认全世界共有红树植物16科24属84种(含12变种), 其中真红树为11科16属70种(含12变种), 半红树为5科8属14种.东方类群有14科18属74种(含12变种), 以 Aegiceras, Osbornia, Aegialitis, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Kandelia, Scyphiphora 和 Nypa等属为特征;西方类群有5科6属10种, 具有单种特有科皮利西科Pelliceraceae以及Laguncularia属.中国红树植物区系有12科15属26种(含1变种), 其中特有种4种.海南的红树植物种类最为丰富, 占全国的96.2%; 广东次之, 占42.3%.台湾记载的红茄(Rhizophora mucronata)其实为红树榄R. stylose之误.     

中国红树林湿地:分布、种类组成及其保护

红树林作为重要的海岸湿地类型之一,具有极高的生态系统服务价值。过去的50年中,中国红树林曾遭到极大的破坏。本文简要介绍了世界红树林分布现状,对中国红树林的分布、面积及红树植物种类组成进行详细叙述,并就红树植物分类体系进行讨论,认为中国红树植物种类应为38种,其中真红树植物13科15属27种,半红树植物有9科11属11种;对中国红树林的保护现状进行分析总结,以期为红树林的研究和管理提供参考。     

红树林的生态学

组成红树林(Mangrove)的植物并非全是红树科(Rhizophoraceae)的植物,因此我们把组成红树林的植物称为红树植物(Mangrove-Plants),以与红树科植物相区别,因为红树科植物井非都能在周期性潮汐浸渍的海滩或河流中形成群落,例如红树科中鹅山木(Carallia)和山红树(Pellacalyx)二属植物是在陆地上或山林中生长的,不具有红树植物的生态习性,它们不是红树植物。这说明植物的系统发育和它们的生态习性是两回事,不一致的。     

中国红树植物的营养器官结构与生态适应(Ⅰ)

分布在广东和海南沿海的10科13属16种红树植物叶子的生态解剖表明,叶子具有角质层厚、木栓瘤、贮水组织和分泌组织发达等共同特征,充分显示了红树植物的趋同适应现象。     

红树植物地上根根端的发育,结构与生态适应

观察了分布于海南和广东省热带、亚热带海岸潮间带的６ 科９ 属１５ 种红树植物各种地上根根端与胚轴顶端的发育及结构。红树科（Ｒｈｉｚｏｐｈｏｒａｃｅａｅ）４ 属的支柱根根端,以显著的柱状分生组织区、根冠柱、栓质化的根冠为特征。老鼠簕属（Ａｃａｎｔｈｕｓ）、海榄雌属（Ａｖｉｃｅｎｎｉａ）的支柱根和海榄雌属、海桑属（Ｓｏｎｎｅｒａｔｉａ）的出水通气根根端都有短的根冠柱,薄的栓质化根冠或根冠的木栓层具有生长层。大多数红树植物的根端很早开始原形成层的活动,表皮之下常见外皮层,周皮常在表皮下层出现等独特的发育式样、结构特征,显示了环境的选择作用和红树植物的趋同适应     

半红树植物的营养器官结构与生态适应

对11科13属种半红树植物的营养器官进行了生态解剖的研究,主要特征是:通气组织和贮水组织不很发达,具有散孔材及旱年结构。地上根系、异常次生结构、木栓瘤和下皮只见于少数植物。结果表明:半红树植物不只有或少许具有真红树植物独特的结构。没有趋同适应。显示了结构与环境的密切关系。     

中国红树林植物区系分析

红树林是热带海岸的植被类型,我国仅在海南、广东、广西、福建、台湾、香港、澳门等沿海地区有自然分布．共有真红树１２科１５属２８种,半红树１１科１３属１４种,另约有２７种红树伴生植物．红树林区系性质属于热带亚热带过渡性质．化石证明红树林的起源不会晚于三叠纪．     

中国红树植物营养器官的结构与生态适应的研究Ⅲ.茎

本文主要报道分布在我国热带、亚热带海岸的10科13属17种红树植物,在特殊的生态环境下,茎的形态结构特征与趋同适应。阐明生境对植物形态结构的密切影响。     

中国红树植物营养器官的结构与生态适应的研究：Ⅲ 茎

本文主要报道分布在我国热带、亚热带海岸的10科13属17种红树植物,在特殊的生态环下,茎的形态结构特征与趋同适应。阐明生境对植物形态结构的密切影响。     

Nectar and Pollen Sources for Honeybee （Apis cerana cerana Fabr.） in Qinglan Mangrove Area, Hainan Island, China

In the present study, nectar and pollen sources for honeybee （Apls cerana cerana Fabr.） were studied in Qlnglan mangrove area, Hainan Island, China, based on microscopic analysis of honey and pollen load （corblcular and gut contents） from honeybees collected In October and November 2004. Qualitative and quantitative melittopalynologlcal analysis of the natural honey sample showed that the honey is of unlfloral type with Mimosa pudlca L. （Mlmosaceae） as the predominant （89.14%） source of nectar and pollen for A. cerana cerana In October. Members of Araceae are an Important minor （3%-15%） pollen type, whereas those of Arecaceae are a minor （〈3%） pollen type. Pollen grains of Nypa fruticans Wurmb., Rhlzophora spp., Excoecarla agallocha L., Lumnitzera spp., Brugulera spp., Kandella candel Druce, and Ceriops tagal （Perr.） C. B. Rob. are among the notable mangrove texa growing In Qinglan mangrove area recorded as minor taxa In the honey. The absolute pollen count （I.e. the number of pollen grains/10 g honey sample） suggests that the honey belongs to Group V （〉1 000 000）. Pollen analysis from the corblcular and gut contents of A. cerana cerana revealed the highest representation （95.60%） of members of Sonneratia spp. （Sonneratlaceae）, followed by Bruguiera spp. （Rhizophoraceae）, Euphorblaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Arecaceae, Araceae, Anacardlaceae, and Rublaceae. Of these plants, those belonging to Sonneratla plants are the most Important nectar and pollen sources for A. cerana cerana and are frequently foraged and pollinated by these bees in November.     

Seed hairs of poplar trees as natural airborne pollen trap for allergenic pollen grains

The present article deals with the efficacy of seed hairs of poplar trees (Populus spp.) as a potent natural airborne pollen trap. Different species of Populus are commonly found planted along the streets in the cities of North China. The seed hairs and pericarp of poplar trees were collected from the trees and on the ground in Beijing Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences and around Miyun Reservoir during May 2005 for pollen analysis. Different pollen spectra are recorded from different samples and are characterised by dominant occurrence of pollen grains of arboreal and anemophilous plants. In addition, pollen grains of non‐arboreal plants including grasses are also found trapped. Among the 46 trapped pollen grains, 26 are known to be allergenic. This study suggests that poplar seed hairs possibly make people feel uncomfortable due to the presence of allergenic pollen trapped in the hairs.     

八角属花粉形态研究

本文利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对八角属(Illicium L.)14种1变种的花粉形态作了研究。通过花粉形态的研究,验证了在分类上本属所分各组的合理性,讨论了该属花粉形态的演化趋势。     

Morphological studies of the pollen grains of Wadi El-Natrun plants, West Nile Delta, Egypt

Pollen morphology is regarded as an additional tool for solving taxonomic problems at the family, generic, or species level. Seventy-three flowering plants, trees, shrubs, and herbs were collected from the Wadi El-Natrun region (West Nile Delta, Egypt) from March to July 2008. They were extracted for their pollen grains. The pollen was mounted on glass slides, examined using a light microscope, photographed, and identified. The identified pollen grains were conserved in the herbarium of the Environmental Studies and Research Institute (ESRI) Minufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt, as reference key pollen from the Wadi El-Natrun area for palynologists, botanists, taxonomists, and workers in other, related, sciences.     

Pollen Morphology of Chinese Datura and Its Taxonomic Significance

The pollen grains of 11 taxa of Chinese Datura were examined under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. All of them are 3(-4)-colporate. The exine ornamentation is so distinct as to allow the identification of individual sections and species, and may be divided into three types. The division is consistent with the taxonomy based on gross morphology i.e. rugulato-reticulate (Sect. Stramonium); striate or striato-reticulate, with some granules on the surface of the lirae, or scabrous (Sect. Dutra); striate with some rings on the surface of the lirae, looking like silkworm (Sect. Brugmansia). The varieties or cultivated forms are not sufficiently distinct from each other in the pollen grains as observed in this investigation.     

Pollen Morphology of Plumbaginaceae in China

The present paper describes the pollen morphology of 30 species belonging to 7 genera of Plumbaginaceae from China. The pollen grains were all examined under light microscope, and those of some species under scanning and transmission electron microscope. The pollen grains of the family are subspheroidal, prolate or oblate, (37.5-74.5)× (40.4-81.9)μ in size, 3-colpate, rarely 4-6-colpate, only pancolpate in Ceratostigma willmottianum. The exine 2-layered, 2.0-7.4μ thick, sexine thicker than nexine, verrucate, reticulate or coarsely reticulate. On the basis of the morphology, two types of pollen grains are distinguished in the family: (1) The pollen grains are 3-(rarely 4-6 ) or pancolpate, the exine verrucate. They are found in the tribe Plumbagineae (inculuding the genera Ceratostigma, Plumbago and Plumbagella). (2) The pollen grains are all 3-colpate, the exine reticulate or coarsely reticulate. They are found in the tribe Staticeae (including the genera Acantholimon, Ikonnikovia, Goniolimon and Limonium ).     

东北杜鹃花属植物花粉形态的研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对东北杜鹃花属(Rhododendron Linn.)6种, 1变种, 1变型的花粉形态进行了观察和比较研究。该属花粉粒均为四合花粉。四合花粉呈正四面体排列。花粉粒近球形。每粒花粉均具3沟,在四合花粉粒上,相邻花粉粒上的沟相接,有些种可见沟内的萌发孔。光镜下可见花粉外壁为内外两层,厚度约相等。不同的种在花粉粒大小上有区别。在扫描电镜下观察可见不同的种花粉表面具有不同的纹饰。即该属在花粉形态上具有种的特性。     

Pollen Morphology of Guttiferae in China

The present paper deals with the pollen morphology of 23 species belonging to 6 genera of Guttiferae occurred in China. All pollen grains have been observed under light microscope, and those of 11 species in 5 genera have been examined with SEM as well. The pollen grains of Guttiferae are subspheroidal, spheroidal or prolate, (17–43) × (15–26)μ in size. Mostly 3-eolporate, less frequently 4-colporate or 5-colporate. The exine is 2-layered, but the occassionally demarcation of these layers is generally indistinct. The exine is 0.8–2.6 μ in thickness. The oramentations of all the pollen grains is generlly finely reticulate under the light microscope. Pollen morphology of the 11 species of 5 genera observed under the SEM is stressed. Their exine oramentations may be classified into four major groups, ie. reticulate, finely reticulate, baculate and perforate. Calophyllum: pollen grains reticulate and rugulo-reticulate. Cratoxylon: pollen grains reticulate, with finely and densely granulate over entire muri. Gareinia: pollen grains baculate, reticulate, and exine with perforate oramentation; in reticulate grains, muri with spinulation. Hypericum: pollen grains reticulate, perforate and finely reticulate. Mesua: pollen grains finely reticulate. From the comparison of pollen morphology, Hypericaceae has much connection with Guttiferae (sensu stricto). Because their pollen grains are all 3-eolporate and the exine is reticulate or oerforate under light mieroseope, but it is different between the pollen grains of Hypericum and those of Guttiferae.     

基于蜂蜜孢粉学鉴定秦岭中华蜜蜂的蜜源木本植物

蜜源木本植物的鉴定能为中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana保护和利用提供依据.本研究从在秦岭地区收集的4份中华蜜蜂蜂蜜中分离出植物花粉,然后在扫描电镜下观察花粉形态,根据花粉大小、赤道面观、极面观、表面纹饰对花粉所属植物的种类进行鉴定.共鉴定出中华蜜蜂利用的蜜源木本植物13科,19属,20种.其中以壳斗科Fagaceae、忍冬科Caprifoliaceae最多,卫矛科Celastraceae、桦木科Betulaceae、蔷薇科Rosaceae次之.这些蜜源木本植物中有13种是药用植物.秦岭地区丰富的蜜源木本植物为中华蜜蜂的生存提供了食物资源;同时中华蜜蜂作为传粉昆虫,对维持秦岭地区蜜源植物的生存和生态系统稳定起着重要的作用.     

Pollen Morphology of Asarum in China

The present paper describes the pollen morphology of 27 species, 4 varieties and 1 form of Asarum from China. The pollen grains were all examined under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The apertures of pollen grains of Asarum are variable and so distinct as to allow the identification of individual subgenera and species. The exine ornamentation is compound and may be divided into two types: reticulate or cerebelloid under verrucae. The pollen grains of Subgen. Asarum and Subgen. Heterotropa are distinguishable, which supports the taxonomical subdivision based on the gross morphology. The differences in the pollen morphology between A. caulescens Maxim. and A. sieboldii Miq. in China and in Japan are discussed and some comparisons in the pollenmorphology between several species similar in the gross morphology are also made.