驼绒藜化学成分研究

从驼绒藜(Ceratoides latens)乙醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,经波谱分析将它们分别鉴定为香草酸(vanilic acid)(1),乙酰香子兰酮(acetovanillon)(2),三达右松脂-15-烯-8β,12β-二醇(sandaracopimar-15-en-8β,12β-diol)(3),5,7,3’,4’-四甲基槲皮素(5,7,3’,4’-tetramethyl quercitin)(4),小麦黄酮(tricin)(5),丁香亭3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(syringetin-3-O-β-D-glycopyranoside)(6),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)(7),胡萝卜苷(daucosterol)(8)和豆甾醇(stigmasterol)(9)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

干旱胁迫下华北驼绒藜种子大小及苞片对萌发和幼苗生长的影响

干旱是影响荒漠区植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的关键因素.以多年生强旱生半灌木华北驼绒藜为对象,研究了不同干旱程度(0、100、200、300和400g·L-1PEG6000)下,种子大小及苞片有无对种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:干旱胁迫显著抑制了种子萌发和幼苗地上部的生长.100和200 g ? L-1 PEG6000...     

华北驼绒藜大小孢子的发生及雌雄配子体发育过程的解剖学研究

运用石蜡切片技术对华北驼绒藜大、小孢子发生及雌、雄配子体的发育进行了研究.结果表明:(1)花药4室,花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、1~2层中层及1层绒毡层组成,药壁发育为基本型,腺质绒毡层,发育后期为二核或三核;(2)四分体胞质分裂为同时型,小孢子四分体多数为四面体型,偶见十字交叉型;(3)成熟花粉2-细胞型,单核小孢子时期存在不同比例的空壳花粉,从0%~80%不等;(4)胚珠倒生,双珠被,厚珠心,大孢子四分体直线型排列,合点端为功能大孢子,蓼型胚囊.     

黄棉木中两个新的三萜类化合物

从黄棉木（Metadina trichotoma（Zoll．et．Mor．）Bakn．）树皮中分离得到2个新的三萜类化合物：3-oxo-29-hydroxy-urs-12-en-27,28-dioicacid（黄棉木素A,1）和3-oxo-21β-hydroxy-urs-12-en-27,28-dioicacid（黄棉木素B,2）。其结构主要通过MS,1D以及2DNMR等波谱方法鉴定。     

小花杜鹃中两个新的木脂素

研究小花杜鹃(Rhododendron minutiflorum)的化学成分及其α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。采用正相硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20和HPLC等多种色谱技术,从小花杜鹃的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,通过波谱分析和文献数据对比,鉴定其结构分别为rhodominutinan A(1)、rhodominutinan B(2)、3,4-di(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)tetrahydrofuran(3)、venkatasin(4)、苔色酸甲酯(5)、苔黑酚羧酸乙酯(6)、2,4-二羟基-3,6-二甲基苯甲酸甲酯(7)、芹菜素(8)、山奈酚(9)。其中化合物1和2为新的木脂素,化合物3~9为首次从小花杜鹃中分离得到。通过α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂体外筛选模型评价化合物的潜在降血糖活性,结果表明化合物8和9具有较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,IC₅₀值分别为57.51±6.35、54.70±3.67μM。     

角果木中两个新的Dolabrane型二萜类化合物

对海南红树植物角果木(Ceriops tagal)的正己烷层萃取物进行了化学成分研究。借助正、反相硅胶柱层析以及HPLC等手段进行分离制备,得到了两个化合物1和2。通过波谱数据解析(HR-ESI-MS、1D NMR、2D NMR)确定了均为新的dolabrane型二萜,分别命名为角果木二萜D和角果木二萜E。     

膜荚黄芪中两个新的抗菌异黄烷化合物

膜荚黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.)Bunge）为豆科植物,其根入药,有补气固表、利尿脱毒、敛疮疤生肌、益气补中之功效,主要用于气虚乏力、食少便溏、中气下陷、久泻脱肛、便血崩漏、表虚自汗、气虚     

细叶香茶菜中两个新的对映—贝壳杉烷二萜化合物

从云南中甸产细叶香茶菜 (Isodontenuifolia (W .W .Smith)Kudo)的地上部分分离得到 6个化合物 ,它们的结构通过波谱方法得到鉴定。其中化合物 1和 2为新的对映_贝壳杉烷二萜化合物 ,即细叶香茶菜甲素 (3β ,6α ,15 β_trihydroxy_1α ,7β_diacetoxy_11β ,16 β_epoxy_ent_kaurane) (1)和细叶香茶菜乙素 (1α,6α ,11β_trihydroxy_3β,7β_diacetoxy_ent_kaur_16_en_15_one) (2 )。     

细叶香茶菜中两个新的对映-贝壳杉烷二萜化合物

从云南中甸产细叶香茶菜(Isodon tenuifolia (W. W. Smith) Kudo)的地上部分分离得到6个化合物, 它们的结构通过波谱方法得到鉴定。其中化合物1和2为新的对映-贝壳杉烷二萜化合物, 即细叶香茶菜甲素(3β,6α,15β-trihydroxy-1α,7β-diacetoxy-11β,16β-epoxy-ent-kaurane) (1) 和细叶香茶菜乙素(1α,6α,11β-trihydroxy-3β,7β-diacetoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-15-one) (2)。     

Two new compounds from the aerial parts of Elsholtzia densa

Two new compounds, named edensa acid (1), and edensaoside A (2), as well as twenty-nine known compounds (3–31) were isolated from the aerial parts of Elsholtzia densa Benth. The chemical structures of the new compounds were determined by spectrometric data interpretation using NMR, HRESIMS, IR and UV spectroscopy. In addition, all compounds were evaluated for their anti-influenza virus activities against A/WSN/33(H1N1). Among these, compounds 18 and 19 exhibited moderate anti-influenza virus activities with IC₅₀ values of 18.79 μM and 59.87 μM respectively.     

Two new sesquiterpene esters from Armillaria mellea

Two new sesquiterpene aryl esters 15-hydroxy-5′-O-methylmelledonal and 5′-O-methylmelledonal, were isolated from the culture broth extract     

两种中国南海海绵的化学成分和生物活性研究

本文对采自中国南海的两种海绵(Petrosia sp.和Haliclona sp.)进行了系统的化学成分研究,综合利用各种层析技术(硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析)从中分离纯化出14个化合物,并利用波谱技术(IR、UV、NMR)对其结构进行了鉴定。从石海绵(Petrosia sp.)中分离的化合物为:3-isocyanotheonellin(1)、theonellin isothiocyanate(2)、theonellin amine(3)、theonellin formamide(4)和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(5);从蜂海绵(Haliclona sp.)中分离的化合物为:renierol(6)、isoquinolinequinones mimosamycin(7)、胆甾醇(8)、麦角甾醇(9)、(24R)-ergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5β,6β-triol(10)、5α,8α-epidioxycholest-6-en-3β-ol(11)、胸苷(12)、胞苷(13)、鲨烯(14)及邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(5)。在对化合物进行广泛的生物活性筛选时发现:化合物6能有效抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶。化合物1～7,9～10,14是首次从该两种海绵中分离得到。     

Two new compounds from Cryptoporus volvatus

Two new compounds with the aldehyde group, cryptoporusal A (1) and 9-formyl-4-hydroxy-6, 9-dimethyl-1-O-β-D-xylosopyranosyl-8a,9-dihydro-ace-naphthylen-8-one (2), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fruiting bodies of Cryptoporus volvatus (Pk.) Hubbard. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic studies, and comparison with literature data. Furthermore, they were evaluated for their in vivo cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines and antioxidant activity. Compound 1 exhibited strong cytotoxicity against HL-60 and both showed high ferric reducing capacity.     

Two new compounds from Trigonostemon heterophyllus

Phytochemical investigation on the stems of Trigonostemon heterophyllus led to the isolation of a new diterpene, trigonoheterene (1), and a new naphthoquinone, trigonoheterone (2), together with two known compounds, 3,4-seco-sonderianol, (3) and trigonochinene E, (4). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR). All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activities and antibacterial activities.     

Four new compounds with cytotoxic and neuroprotective activity from Notopterygium incisum

Phytochemical research on an extract of Notopterygium incisum yielded twenty-four compounds (1–24), including four new compounds 7, 10, 13 and 17. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration of 5 were assigned via Mosher's method. In addition, compounds 2, 9, 19 and 24 were analyzed by single crystal X-ray analysis for the first time. The new compound 7 exhibited remarkable cytotoxic activity against the human pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC-1, CAPAN-2, CFPAC-1, and SW1990 with IC₅₀ values of 6.25 ± 0.54, 7.74 ± 1.12, 6.68 ± 1.11, and 5.35 ± 0.33 μM, respectively. The primary mechanistic study indicated that 7 caused cell death probably due to induced defects in the mitotic process. Moreover, compounds 2 and 7-9 effectively protected against H₂O₂-induced neurotoxicity in the SH-SY5Y cells, and 1, 3, 6, 10, 11, 16 and 19 exhibited strong DPPH scavenging ability.     

Two new steryl esters from the basidiomycete Tricholomopsis rutilans

Two new steryl esters with a polyhydroxylated ergostane-type nucleus, 3beta,5alpha-dihydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-6beta-yl oleate (1) and 3beta,5alpha-dihydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-22-en-7-one-6beta-yl oleate (2), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Tricholomopsis rutilans along with three known sterols (3, 4, and 5). The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were established on the basis of spectroscopic means and chemical methods.     

柿中具有△^12熊果烯骨架的五环三萜类化合物

柿（Diospyros kaki L.f.）的果实中分离出5个化合物,通过IR、MS、^1HNMR、^13CNMR鉴定,确定为：熊果辛酯（octyl yursolate）,△^5,6－3－（2′－甲在戊酰氧在）－熊果酸环己酯〔△^5,6－3－（2′－methyl pentanoyl）-ursolic acid cyclohexy ester〕,β－香树脂醇己醚（β－amyrin hexyl ether）,△^6,7－香树素（△^6,7－amyin）和熊果甲酯（methyl ursolate）。     

Three new compounds from the bark of Antiaris toxicaria

Three new compounds, namely (+)-pranferol (1), antiarone M (2), and anticerol A (3), together with 9 known compounds, were obtained from the bark of Antiaris toxicaria. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, (HR) ESI–MS, ¹H, ¹³C NMR, HSQC, ¹H-¹H COSY, HMBC and X-ray crystallographic technique. The absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by modified mosher method and CD spectrum.