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本文记述盘县大洞近期历史中沿革和对洞内已出露的堆积层初步观察的结果,大洞堆积层近斯的人为破坏十分严重,但中下部基本上完好,组成物质和结构表明,整个堆积层是在大洞脱离地下河的环境之后形成的,而根据所含的动物化石,人类化石,文化遗物的性质,以及钟乳石的铀系年龄,中上部堆积属中更新世晚期。 相似文献
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贵州盘县大洞遗址年代位置初探 总被引：1，自引：5，他引：1
本文报道了贵州盘县大洞１６个新生碳酸岩样铀系年代,洞厅前区偏北侧的表面钙板在距今～１３万年前形成,该地段因此不存在晚于中更新世的文化堆积,发掘区堆积之上的第二钙板层的生成年代为距为～２０万年,若以此速率类推,形成厚～２０米的大洞堆积所经历的时间跨度可能较大,有２棵小石笋端的年代为～３３万年,可代表其延伸钙板下伏堆积所含石制品的最小年龄,上述年代界线表明,大洞中迄今已知贵州最古老,居住时间最长的人类 相似文献
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贵州盘县大洞遗址动物群的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
本文记述盘县大洞遗址１９９２－９３年发现的哺乳动物化石共计４３种,属于中更新世中,晚期生活在云贵高原和东南亚丘陵地区的过渡地带的动物群,动物群的主要成员为华南地区大熊猫－剑齿象动物群成分的,但也有一些云贵高原的土著种类,它反映一种以亚热带生态以为主,其间有若干次干,凉气候波动的环境。 相似文献
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贵州盘县大洞发现的人类牙齿化石 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
对在盘县对大洞发现的一枚人类上颌内侧门齿和一枚人类下颌犬齿的观察研究显示,门齿齿冠舌侧面铲形结构,齿结节,指状突及犬齿的齿带等结构具有某些与北京猿人牙齿的相似的特征;但在这些结构的复杂程度及齿冠测量特征等方面又呈出早期智人的特点。 相似文献
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在我国贵州省西南部与云南相邻的六盘水市盘县境内有一个近年来闻名远近的古人类文化遗址 ,即盘县大洞。说起它的发现与历史 ,的确有些趣闻轶事般的故事可讲。藏在深闺人未识盘县地处广西、云南和贵州三衢要道 ,自古是军事重镇、商业重埠和云南通往内地的必经之路 ,誉为“滇黔锁钥”。自有文字考证历史以来一直为各朝统治者管辖 ,是府、州、厅所在地。唐贞观八年 (公元 6 34年 )始称盘州 ,元十三年 (公元 1 2 76年 )改称普安 ,隶云南行省 ,经明朝到清宣统元年 (公元 1 90 9年 )从普安直隶厅改为盘州厅 ,民国二年 (1 91 3年 )改为盘县 ,隶黔… 相似文献
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贵州盘县大洞更新世灵长类化石 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文记述贵州盘县大洞中－晚更新世洞穴堆积中的猴类化石,数量不多,被归入短尾猴（Ｍａｃａｃａａｒｃｔｏｉｄｅｓ）,熊猴（Ｍ．ｃｆ．ａｓｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ）和疣猴亚科（Ｃｏｌｏｂｉｎａｅ）本研究为南方洞穴堆积单个灵长类牙齿的鉴定积累一些资料,同时也扩大了贵州省猴类化石的分布。 相似文献
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贵州盘县大洞的堆积物,自上而下可以分为3层。大洞主体堆积物为角砾堆积,来源于洞顶灰岩的崩塌,另外有人类遗物以及洞外片流作用带入的泥砂。人类化石、旧石器和哺乳动物化石主要分布在第2层角砾堆积中。堆积物在洞厅各部位均有相应分布,属同一沉积序列。已知的早期人类活动时间大约从260ka．B．P．开始,到142ka．B．P．前后结束,对应于深海氧同位素的第6、7阶段。角砾层下段,发育一套遭强烈溶蚀和风化的堆积物,地球化学分析结果显示其湿热的沉积环境,时间大约在260—180ka B．P．期间,对应于深海氧同位素第7阶段;大洞堆积物在气候变化周期上与黄土、青藏高原冰期序列可以对比。 相似文献
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Xiong Kangning 《人类学学报》1997,16(03):239
The Panxian Dadong , with a ma pped passage of 1660m long is a large karst cave system complicated by multi-genesis of morphology. The main passage, 250m× 40m× 26m in volume, contains much relics o f human activities in the Paleolithic Age. Based o n analysis o f some dynamic geomorphical and speleo genetic processes in the cave area, including karstification and polje structure, fossil drainage and speleogenesis, this paper deals with hydraulic-genetic relations on development and evolution between karst and caves. It suggested a evolutional model of the karst landforms and caves in the area, supplemented by paleo-geographic environment data and U-series dating.<br>Early Pleistocene: The limestone areas around the peak-cluster depression on the Dado ng Hill anticline w ere still covered by basalt, sandstone, shale and co alformations with an active erosion-transportation process. The Shiliping Riv er, as a surface stream at an elevation of 1710-1750m above sea-level, flowed along the fault in the northern part o f the Dadong Hill via the Dadong Col to the w est. With the strong uplift of neotectonics and the active downcutting of rivers, limestione on the river bed was ex posed by erosion and the riv er disappeared underground, through joints in the fault zone, and captured by underground water of the Mabie River System to the south, which gives rise to a sinking stream and hence underground riv er o f the Guanniudong Cave.<br>Beginning of the Middle Pleistocene: As upstream riv er bed o f the Shiliping further seeped and water of the underground riv er then decreased, the underground riv er became a dry cave, the Guanniudong Cave at present. At the same time, the riv er water found a new way to disappear underground on the eastern slope of the Dadong Hill. One of stream sinks along bedding-plan joints, as a former foot-cave at 1685m above sea-level, collected much upstream water from allogenic area o f classic rocks. The water drained into the Xiaodong via Yinhepo passage and into the Loushuidong via Shuidong passage. The flow - path gradually became a main underground riv er with phreatic features, the early Dadong Cave.<br>Mid of the Middle Pleistocene: With the further uplift of neotectoincs and a lowering o f base level, the water passage w as enlarged by downcutting in dry-season and undercut- ting a t the level o f the Shiliping polje lake during wet season. Later, water in the passage w as captured by low er leveled rivers and disappeared underground again, a seasonal flooded passage o f the Dadong Cave w as then formed. With alternating changes of cold-warm, dry-humid climate before 300ka, a set of debris by frost weathering and loess by wind process and breakdowns by collapse w ere acumulated at the passage entrance to form a natural dam. The water in the polje lake had to drained along the Huashiban Fault to the southe which gives rise to a lowering o f the polje bottom, about 30cm.<br>Late of the Middle Pleistocene: With frequent changes o f surface water and under-ground water, caves in the Dadong Hill developed w ell and the Shiliping River in the polje disappeared underground again a t the hill-base to form the low est water passage 20m below the polje floor. Since then onward, the passage was dry , stable and large. The Dadong Cave underwent along time alternation of speleo them deposition and classic accumulation up to the Holocence. 相似文献
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Zhang Zhenhong; Liu Jun; Zhang Hangang; Yuan Chengwu 《人类学学报》1997,16(03):209
The fossil materials described in the present paper come from excavations of 1992 and 1993 at Panxian Dadong , a cave site in Guizhou Province of Southeastern China. They a re identified into 43 speciess, including 2 species of Primate and one species of Homo, which a re reported in other two papers ( see Pa n and Yuan, 1997 and Liu and Si, 1997) . This fauna belongs to a mid-late Middle Pleistocene one and lived in a transitional area between Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and hilly area of Southeastern Asia. It consists of the important members of Ailuropoda-Stegodon fauna of South China, as w ell as some local species o f Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, and indicates a kind of subtropical climate which includes several dry-cool shifts. 相似文献
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Si Xinqiang;Liu Jun;Zhang Hangang;Yuan Chengwu 《人类学学报》1993,12(02):113
A lot of mammalian fossils, more than 1300 pieces of stone artifacts, several pieces of human teeth which remain to be examined, and other cultural indications shch as charcoal, burntbone and ash were collected from 80m' excavated area of a cave-site named 'Dadong '(literally'Grand Cave ) during the first excavation from A pril to May, 1992. The deposits inside the cavebwhere yielded fossils and cultural relics consist of clay, sandy clay, sandy, fragments of liestone, breccia and stalactite. It covers an area of roughly 8000m^2 and is about 19 m thicknear the cave-mouth. The mammalian fossils include 40 species and belong to the Ailuropoda--Stegodon fauna. It indicates the upper Middle and lower Upper Pleistocene temporally. The stone artifacts made of chert, basalt and other rock consist of cores, flakes,tools and debris. The categories of tool include side-scraper, end-scraper, notch, borer, handaxe, chopper, hammerstone and anvil. Direct percussion technique was used commonly in flaking and retouching, and the prepared-core technique was shown in many specimens. 相似文献
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Pan Yuerong 《人类学学报》1997,16(03):201
The Panxian Dadong , Guizhou which was discovered recently is an important site for paleoanthropology and paleolithic rchaeology. There are four isolated primate teeth which were collected from this site among 40 species of mammals. They are attributed to Macaca arctoides, M. assamensis and perhaps Colobinae.<br>Rig ht M3 . It is fairly worn to expose the dentine at the apices of the buccal cusps and the metaconid. The lingual cusps are higher than the buccal ones. The anterior fovea is small. There is a small but distinct tubercle intermediate between the entoconid and hypoconulid. The size o f the M3 is larger than that of Semnopithecus, Macaca nemestrina and M.mulatta. In the Dadong specimen, molar relief tends to be moderate, and it is expressed in the shallow incised lingual notches of molar cusps, which tend to be close as in cercopithecines. The spacing of apices of mola r cusps tends to be close also.<br>Left P4 . The buccal cusp is slightly worn, and the dentine appears only a t the apex o f protoconid. The premolar morphology is distinguished to be cercopithecines from colobines. The trigonid and the mesial shelf are long in the Dadong specimens. The size o f P4 from Dadong falls within the range of that of M. arctoides and M. assamensis, in the female. It is similar to that of M. arctoides from Guizhou ( No. 17966. Zoology Institute, Academia Sinica ) in morphology and size. The breadth of the anterior pa rt o f the crow n is much larger than the posterior one in the M. arctoides and M. assamensis, in male.<br>Rig ht M2 . The upper molar is confirmed to be M2 o n the basis of morphology and co n- tact surfaces. The cusps a re slightly worn, the cusps come close to the middle of the crow n so that the breadth o f the base of the crown is larger than that of the upper one. There is a clear cingulumex tending on the mesial and lingual surfaces o f the crow n. The measurements of the M2 fall within the rang e of fossil M. assamensis from Pleistocene, Guangxi a nd M. anderssoni from Early Pleistocene, Henan. Its significance for taxonomy or geological age will be investigated.<br>Rig ht C, . The crow n is well-preserved. The roo t has been broken. The lower canine may possess distal and internal tubercles. It is different from that of M. arctoides. M. assamensis. M. nemestrina etc. It seems similar to that o f colobines.<br>In modern primates, M. arctoides, M. thibetana , M. mulatta and Rhinopithecus brelichi, Semnopithecus francoisi live in the Guizhou province and Semnopithecus francoisi still lives in the Liupanshui w here the Dadong site is located. Hence there is overlap of modern and fossil primates in the geographical distribution. The discovery of Pleistocene cercopithecines in Panxian Dado ng increases their distribution during the Pleistocene period and also adds to our know ledge o f primates in the cave fissure deposits o f South China. 相似文献