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1.
Factors affecting successful establishment in vitro, rapid proliferation and rooting of apricot cultivar ‘Bebecou’ were studied. Ethanol and NaOCl were applied in several combinations for disinfection; chilling, plant growth regulators BA, IAA and GA3, antibiotics, different culture vessels and systems of subculture were evaluated for the optimization of shoot proliferation and the auxins NAA and IBA were assessed for root induction. The highest number of new microshoots/explant (18.7) was obtained in a culture medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA+0.57 μM IAA after 300 h of chilling. The effect of GA3 (11.4 μM) on shoot proliferation was positive in combination with 4.4 or 8.9 μM BA. Shoot length and productivity were highest at 2.2 μM BA+11.4 μM GA3+0.57 μM IAA and at 2.2 μM BA+0.57 μM IAA, respectively and decreased as cytokinin concentration increased. The antibiotic ‘Na-cefotaxime’ had a minimal impact on shoot growth when used at the lowest concentration (250 mg l−1). Subculture every 2 weeks in a medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA and 0.57 μM IAA was more efficient for shoot induction than alternation of 20 days culture in a propagation medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA and 10 days culture in an elongation medium supplemented with 1.1 μM BA and 5.71 μM IAA. The highest number of roots/shoot (8.1) was recorded at 19.6 μM IBA. 相似文献
2.
Jamile F. Gonçalves Fernando T. Nicoloso Alexssandro G. Becker Luciane B. Pereira Luciane A. Tabaldi Denise Cargnelutti Carla M. G. de Pelegrin Valderi L. Dressler João B. T. da Rocha Maria Rosa C. Schetinger 《Biologia》2009,64(2):310-318
In this study, the effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on plant growth, histology of roots, photosynthetic pigments content, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D; E.C. 4.2.1.24) and acid phosphatase activities (AP; E.C. 3.1.3.2), soluble phosphorus
(Pi) measurement and mineral nutrients content in cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.) were investigated. Cucumber seedlings were grown in vitro in an agar-solidified substrate containing four CdCl2 treatments (0, 100, 400, and 1000 μM) for ten days. Cd was readily absorbed by seedlings and its content was greater in the
roots than in the shoot. Cd reduced shoot and root length, and fresh and dry biomass of seedlings. Inhibition of root cell
elongation in Cd-treated seedlings was observed by the increase of the mean radial size of cells belonging to three zones
of the root tip. The highest level of Cd reduced in a similar manner chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll contents.
Increasing concentrations of Cd resulted in a linear decrease in carotenoids levels of cotyledons. Interestingly, the ALA-D
activity in cotyledons was inhibited only at the highest level of Cd. Root and shoot AP activities were, respectively, activated
and inhibited at all CdCl2 concentrations. Root Pi concentration was increased in all Cd treatments and it was not altered in the shoot tissues. Moreover,
in general, the nutrient contents were increased in the root and decreased in the shoot. Therefore, we suggest that Cd affects
negatively growth, photosynthetic pigments, ALA-D and AP activities and partition of mineral nutrients in cucumber seedlings. 相似文献
3.
Effects of zinc (12–180 μM) alone and in mixtures with 12 μM Cd on metal accumulation, dry masses of roots and shoots, root
respiration rate, variable to maximum fluorescence ratio (FV/FM), and content of photosynthetic pigments were studied in hydroponically cultivated chamomile (Matricaria recutita) plants. The content of Zn in roots and shoots increased with the increasing external Zn concentration and its accumulation
in the roots was higher than that in the shoots. While at lower Zn concentrations (12 and 60 μM) the presence of 12 μM Cd
decreased Zn accumulation in the roots, treatment with 120 and 180 μM Zn together with 12 μM Cd caused enhancement of Zn content
in the root. Presence of Zn (12–120 μM) decreased Cd accumulation in roots. On the other hand, Cd content in the shoots of
plants treated with Zn + Cd exceeded that in the plants treated only with 12 μM Cd. Only higher Zn concentrations (120 and
180 μM) and Zn + Cd mixtures negatively influenced dry mass, chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid content, FV/FM and root respiration rate. Chl b was reduced to a higher extent than Chl a. 相似文献
4.
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants, among other things, affecting plant mineral composition.
Thus, in this study, we investigated the changes in potassium (K) concentration in Cd-treated rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings of two cultivars. On treatment with 5 μM CdCl2, the Cd concentration increased in the shoot and roots of Cd-sensitive cultivar (cv. Taichung Native 1, TN1) but not or slightly
in the Cd-tolerant cultivar (cv. Tainung 67, TNG67). The decrease in K concentration in the shoot and roots of TN1 caused
by Cd was more pronounced than that of TNG67. Exogenous addition of KCl decreased Cd concentration and reduced Cd toxicity
of TN1 seedlings. Evidence presented in this study suggests that the improvement of K status is able to reduce toxicity of
rice seedlings to CdCl2. 相似文献
5.
B. Vinterhalter J. Savić J. Platiša M. Raspor S. Ninković N. Mitić D. Vinterhalter 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,94(3):299-303
Shoot cultures of nickel hyperaccumulating Alyssum murale were established from epicotyl explants of seedlings aseptically germinated on hormone-free MS medium. They were further
maintained on media with 0–0.92 μM kinetin. Optimal shoot multiplication was at 0.46 μM kinetin. Inoculation by shoot wounding
was performed with overnight suspension of A. rhizogenes A4M70GUS which contains GUS gene cointegrated in pRiA4. After 30 days hairy roots were produced at the wounding site in 31
explant (25% out of 124). Hairy roots were excised and further propagated on hormone-free medium as separate clones. In the
first passage clones 3 and 6 could be distinguished by fast growth and spontaneous shoot regeneration. In other clones (12,
23 and 25) shoot regeneration required presence of cytokinins. The five shoot culture clones regenerated from hairy roots
were further cultured on media with 0.46 μM kinetin. These shoots were characterized by good elongation and lateral shoot
branching, short internodes, minute slightly curled leaves and well developed plagiotropic root system spreading over the
surface of media. Thus all plants regenerated from hairy root cultures manifested the characteristic Ri syndrome phenotype.
They all had a strong positive GUS reaction. PCR analysis confirmed presence of uidA sequence from the gus construct. They were also tolerant to nickel accumulating up to 24,700 μg g−1 dry weight. 相似文献
6.
7.
The effect of copper sulphate on differentiation and elongation of shoot buds from cotyledonary explants of Capsicum annuum L. cv X-235 was investigated. Shoot buds were induced on medium supplemented with 22.2 μM BAP and 14.7 μM PAA. Elongation
of shoot buds was obtained on MS medium containing 13.3 μM BAP + 0.58 μM GA3. Both shoot induction and elongation media were supplemented with different levels of CuSO4 (0–5 μM). The levels of CuSO4 in the induction as well as elongation medium highly influenced the shoot bud formation and their subsequent elongation.
Highest number of shoot buds per explant was obtained when the concentration of CuSO4 was increased 30 times to the normal MS level. Shoot buds formation frequency i.e., the number of shoots formed per explant
was increased two fold as compared to those formed on control. Elongation both in terms of percentage and length of shoots
was better than that on control. Healthy elongated shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 5.7 μM IAA. Rooted plantlets
were transferred to field conditions. 相似文献
8.
Dunwei Ci Dong Jiang Bernd Wollenweber Tingbo Dai Qi Jing Weixing Cao 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2010,32(2):365-373
Seedlings of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Jing 411, Jinmai 30 and Yangmai 10 were exposed to 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 μM of CdCl2 in a solution culture experiment. The effects of cadmium (Cd) stress on wheat growth, leaf photon energy conversion, gas
exchange, and Cd accumulation in wheat seedlings were investigated. Gas exchange was monitored at 3, 9, 24 days after treatment
(DAT). Growth parameters, chlorophyll content, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, and Cd concentration in shoot and root were
measured at 24 DAT. Seedling growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were generally
depressed by Cd stress, especially under the high Cd concentrations. Cd concentration and accumulation in both shoots and
roots increased with increasing external Cd concentrations. Relationships between corrected parameters of growth, photosynthesis
and fluorescence and corrected Cd concentrations in shoots and roots could be explained by the regression model Y = K/(1 + exp(a + bX)). Jing 411 was found to be Cd tolerant considering parameters of chlorophyll content, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence
in which less Cd translocation was from roots into shoots. The high Cd concentrations were in shoots and roots in Yangmai
10 which has been found to be a relative Cd tolerant cultivar in terms of most growth parameters. 相似文献
9.
Hydroponic experiments were carried out to study the role of alginate-derived oligosaccharides (ADO) in enhancing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) tolerance to cadmium stress. Data were collected on plant biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, antioxidant
enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Under 100 μM Cd stress, plant growth was significantly inhibited. Shoot
length, root length, fresh and dry weight were sharply reduced by 24.21, 34.59, 22.1 and 14.7%, respectively of the control
after 10 day of Cd exposure. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities were increased and
MDA content increased. Wheat seeds were soaked for 5 h in 1,000 mg L−1 ADO solution before cadmium stress. ADO pretreatment alleviated cadmium toxicity symptoms, which were reflected by increasing
root and shoot lengths, fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate (P
n
). Furthermore, ADO pretreatment significantly increased antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT and POD) activities and reduced MDA
content in leaves and roots. The results indicated that ADO pretreatment partially protected the seedlings from cadmium toxicity
during the following growth period. 相似文献
10.
B. Vinterhalter T. Janković K. Šavikin R. Nikolić D. Vinterhalter 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,94(3):329-335
Shoot cultures of Gentianella austriaca (A. & J. Kerner) Dostal established from seedling epicotyls were maintained on MS medium supplemented with 2.22 μM BA and
0.54 μM NAA. A characteristic feature of these cultures was precocious flowering, which appeared in all rapidly elongating
shoots. Flower development arrested shoot elongation and multiplication of shoot cultures. Continuous shoot propagation was
possible only by use of small axillary or adventitious buds as explants for subculturing. Flowering could not be suppressed
by GA3 addition or by cultivation in short-day conditions. The highest rooting percentage (47.3% with 7.83 roots per explant) was
achieved on media with 4.92 μM IBA. Shoot cultures contained the same types of secondary metabolites as plants from nature.
Xanthones were the major constituents, with DMB (demethylbellidifolin), DGL (demethylbellidifolin-8-O-glucoside) and BGL (bellidifolin-8-O-glucoside) present at roughly two times lower concentrations than in samples from nature. Secondary metabolite production
was strongly affected by the presence of BA in the medium. 相似文献
11.
Savita Gangwar Vijay Pratap Singh Prabhat Kumar Srivastava Jagat Narayan Maurya 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(4):1385-1397
Effects of exogenous gibberellic acid (GA; 10 and 100 μM) application on growth, protein and nitrogen contents, ammonium (NH4
+) content, enzymes of nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant system in pea seedlings were investigated under chromium (VI)
phytotoxicity (Cr VI; 50, 100 and 250 μM). Exposure of pea seedlings to Cr and 100 μM GA resulted in decreased seed germination,
fresh and dry weight and length of root and shoot, and protein and nitrogen contents compared to control. Compared to control,
Cr and 100 μM GA led to the significant alteration in nitrogen assimilation in pea. These treatments decreased root and shoot
nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamine 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT) activities (except
50 μM Cr alone for GOGAT) while glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity and NH4
+ content increased. Compared to control, the root and shoot activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase
(APX) increased (except APX activity at 250 μM Cr + 100 μM GA) while catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and dehydroascorbate
reductase (DHAR) activities were decreased (except GR at 100 μM GA alone) following exposure of Cr and 100 μM GA. Total ascorbate
and total glutathione in root and shoot decreased by the treatments of Cr and 100 μM GA while their levels were increased
by the application of 10 μM GA compared to Cr treatments alone. It has been reported that application of 10 μM GA together
with Cr alleviated inhibited levels of growth, nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant system compared to Cr treatments alone.
This study showed that application of 10 μM GA counteracts some of the adverse effects of Cr phytotoxicity with the increased
levels of antioxidants and sustained activities of enzymes of nitrogen assimilation; however, 100 μM GA showed apparently
reverse effect under Cr phytotoxicity. 相似文献
12.
Guohua Ma Jinfeng Lü Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva Xinhua Zhang Jietang Zhao 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,104(2):157-162
Ochna integerrima is a medicinal and ornamental plant in Southeastern Asia. It has been listed as a rare and endangered species in China. Here
we studied the effects of plant growth regulators and their concentrations on the induction of somatic embryogenesis and shoot
organogenesis from leaf and shoot explants of O. integerrima for the first time. Cytokinins played a crucial role in somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis. Among them, a higher
concentration of thidiazuron (10.0–15.0 μM TDZ) could induce both somatic embryogenesis and adventitious shoot formation whereas
low concentrations of TDZ (5.0 μM) could only induce adventitious shoots. However, 6-benzyladenine (BA at 5–15 μM) could only
induce adventitious shoots. Shoot explants induced more adventitious shoots and somatic embryos than leaf explants when cultured
on medium with the same concentration (5–15 μM) of TDZ or 15 μM BA. Medium containing 0.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid and
8 μM indole-3-butyric acid and 0.1% activated charcoal could induce adventitious roots within 1 month. An efficient mass propagation
and regeneration system has been established. 相似文献
13.
Xiuli Shen William S. Castle Frederick G. GmitterJr 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,97(1):103-108
A suitable protocol for micropropagation of Casuarina hybrid, Casuarina equisetifolia L. × Casuarina glauca Sieber ex Spreng (C. e. × C. g.), was developed. When seeds without seed coats were cultured on 4 germination media, the optimal seed germination percentage
(91%) was obtained on 0.8% agar solidified water medium. Shoot multiplication was achieved by culturing 2-cm long epicotyls,
excised from germinated seedlings, on MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) basal medium supplemented with BA (6-benzylaminopurine)
at 4.4, 8.8, 17.8 and 35.6 μM. The greatest percentage of axillary bud sproutings (87.5%), mean number of sprouts per explant
(3.8), and shoot length (3.2 cm) were achieved on MS medium supplemented with 17.8 μM BA. MS medium supplemented with 4 different
concentrations of IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) (4.3, 8.7, 13.0 and 17.4 μM) were used for rooting of in vitro grown shoots.
The highest rooting percentage (65.6%), mean number of roots per explant (2.5) and mean length of roots per explant (1.6 cm)
was achieved at 13.0 μM IBA. Rooted shoots grew well after transfer to a substrate of peat and pinebark (7:3) in the greenhouse. 相似文献
14.
The effects of cadmium (Cd) on germination, and antioxidative enzyme activity (AEA) involving superoxide dismutase, catalase,
peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase, and on amounts of malondialdehyde and proline present within Achnatherum inebrians, were determined for specimens infected (E+) vs. non-infected (E−) by Neotyphodium gansuense, and cultivated in the presence of various concentrations of CdCl2 (0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 μmol/l). Under high Cd concentrations (100, 200 and 300 μM), E+ (vs. E−) specimens exhibited a higher
germination rate and index, and higher values for shoot length, root length and dry biomass, but there was no significant
difference (P > 0.05) under low Cd concentrations (0 and 50 μM). AEA and the proline content increased, but malondialdehyde content declined
in the E+ (vs. E−) specimens under high Cd concentrations (100, 200 and 300 μM). There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) under low Cd concentrations (0 and 50 μM). Endophyte infection was concluded to be of benefit to the germination
and anti-oxidative mechanisms within A. inebrians under plant exposures to high CdCl2 concentrations. 相似文献
15.
Cadmium-induced oxidative damage and antioxidative defense mechanisms in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vigna mungo</Emphasis> L. 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Alicia S. Molina Carlos Nievas María Verónica Pérez Chaca Francisco Garibotto Ulises González Silvana M. Marsá Celina Luna María Sofía Giménez Fanny Zirulnik 《Plant Growth Regulation》2008,56(3):285-295
Cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms were analyzed in roots and leaves of Vigna mungo L. Seeds were germinated in perlite-vermiculite and irrigated with Hoagland nutrient solution. At day 6, seedlings were exposed
to 40 μM Cd under semi-hydroponic conditions for a period of 12 days. Growth anomalies and abnormal chromatin condensation
were observed in Cd-treated plants, in comparison with control ones. Cd accumulation was observed in roots of treated plants.
The analyses of antioxidative defense and oxidative parameters in roots, stems and leaves showed different tissue-specific
responses. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPx) activities and the level of lipid peroxidation (MDA content)
decreased in roots. However, they increased in leaves. Catalase activity and chlorophyll content, on the other hand, decreased
over exposure to Cd stress. Total glutathione, non-protein thiols, reduced glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins increased
significantly, while oxidized glutathione (GSSG) decreased, as compared with control plants. The present data suggest that
the presence of Cd in soil and water can cause oxidative damage that may be detrimental for optimum production of nutritional
mung. 相似文献
16.
Iron nutrition affects cadmium accumulation and toxicity in rice plants 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Guosheng Shao Mingxue Chen Weixia Wang Renxiang Mou Guoping Zhang 《Plant Growth Regulation》2007,53(1):33-42
The effect of iron (Fe) nutrition on cadmium (Cd) toxicity and accumulation in rice plants was studied using a hydroponic
system. The inhibitory effect of Cd on plant growth and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) was dependent on Fe level and the
genotype. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves and roots was not much affected by an increased Cd stress at 0.171 mg l−1 Fe, but it showed a rapid increase when the plants were exposed to moderate (1.89 mg l−1) and high (16.8 mg l−1) Fe levels. High Fe nutrition caused a marked reduction in Cd content in both leaves and roots. Fe content in plants was
lower at high Cd (5.0 μM) stress than at low Cd (<1.0 μM) stress. Cd stress increased both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and
peroxidase (POD) activities at low and moderate Fe levels. However, with high Fe level, it increased the POD activity, but
reduced the SOD activity. Our results substantiate the hypothesis that cell membrane-bound iron transporter (carrier) involved
in high-affinity iron transport systems can also transport Cd, and both these ions may compete for this common carrier. The
study further showed that there were significant correlations between MDA and Fe contents in leaves and roots of rice plants.
It is suggested that the occurrence of oxidative stress in plants exposed to Cd stress is mediated by Fe nutrition. The present
results also show that Cd stress affects the uptake of Cu and Zn. 相似文献
17.
Djebali W Gallusci P Polge C Boulila L Galtier N Raymond P Chaibi W Brouquisse R 《Planta》2008,227(3):625-639
The effects of cadmium (Cd) on cellular proteolytic responses were investigated in the roots and leaves of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., var Ibiza) plants. Three-week-old plants were grown for 3 and 10 days in the presence of 0.3–300 μM Cd and compared to
control plants grown in the absence of Cd. Roots of Cd treated plants accumulated four to fivefold Cd as much as mature leaves.
Although 10 days of culture at high Cd concentrations inhibited plant growth, tomato plants recovered and were still able
to grow again after Cd removal. Tomato roots and leaves are not modified in their proteolytic response with low Cd concentrations
(≤3 μM) in the incubation medium. At higher Cd concentration, protein oxidation state and protease activities are modified
in roots and leaves although in different ways. The soluble protein content of leaves decreased and protein carbonylation
level increased indicative of an oxidative stress. Conversely, protein content of roots increased from 30 to 50%, but the
amount of oxidized proteins decreased by two to threefold. Proteolysis responded earlier in leaves than in root to Cd stress.
Additionally, whereas cysteine- and metallo-endopeptidase activities, as well as proteasome chymotrypsin activity and subunit
expression level, increased in roots and leaves, serine-endopeptidase activities increased only in leaves. This contrasted
response between roots and leaves may reflect differences in Cd compartmentation and/or complexation, antioxidant responses
and metabolic sensitivity to Cd between plant tissues. The up-regulation of the 20S proteasome gene expression and proteolytic
activity argues in favor of the involvement of the 20S proteasome in the degradation of oxidized proteins in plants.
This paper is dedicated to Nathalie Galtier (1964–2005), who was senior researcher at the INRA Research Center, Villenave
d’Ornon, France. 相似文献
18.
Diwakar Aggarwal Anil Kumar M. Sudhakara Reddy 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(1):45-52
An efficient shoot organogenesis system has been developed from mature plants of selected elite clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Cultures were established using nodal explants taken from freshly coppice shoots cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium
containing 58 mM sucrose, 0.7% (w/v) agar (MS medium) and supplemented with 2.5 μM benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA). Shoot organogenesis was achieved from leaf segments taken from elongated microshoots on MS medium supplemented
with 5.0 μM BA and 1.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The addition of cefotaxime to the medium promoted shoot
differentiation, whereas carbenicillin and cephalexin inhibited shoot differentiation. Maximum shoot bud organogenesis (44.6%)
occurred in explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5.0 μM BA, 1.0 μM 2,4-D and 500 mg/l cefotaxime. Leaf maturity
influenced shoot regeneration, with maximum shoot organogeneisis (40.5%) occurring when the source of explants was the fifth
leaf (14–16 days old) from the top of microshoot. Shoot organogenic potential also varied amongst the different clones of
E. tereticornis. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses indicated clonal uniformity of
the newly formed shoots/plants, and these were also found to be true-to-type. 相似文献
19.
Influence of external zinc and phosphorus supply on Cd uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings with root surface iron plaque 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rice seedlings were grown in hydroponic culture to determine the effects of external Zn and P supply on plant uptake of Cd
in the presence or absence of iron plaque on the root surfaces. Iron plaque was induced by supplying 50 mg l−1 Fe2+ in the nutrient solution for 2 day. Then 43-day-old seedlings were exposed to 10 μmol l−1 Cd together with 10 μmol l−1 Zn or without Zn (Zn–Cd experiment), or to 10 μmol l−1 Cd with 1.0 mmol l−1 P or without P (P–Cd experiment) for another 2 day. The seedlings were then harvested and the concentrations of Fe, Zn, P
and Cd in dithionite–citrate–bicarbonate (DCB) extracts and in roots and shoots were determined. The dry weights of roots
and shoots of seedlings treated with 50 mg l−1 Fe were significantly lower than when no Fe was supplied. Adsorption of Cd, Zn and P on the iron plaque increased when Fe
was supplied but Cd concentrations in DCB extracts were unaffected by external Zn or P supply levels. Cd concentrations in
shoots and roots were lower when Fe was supplied. Zn additions decreased Cd concentrations in roots but increased Cd concentrations
in shoots, whereas P additions significantly increased shoot and root Cd concentrations and this effect diminished when Fe
was supplied. The percentage of Cd in DCB extracts was significantly lower than in roots or shoots, accounting for up to 1.8–3.8%
of the plant total Cd, while root and shoot Cd were within the ranges 57–76% and 21–40% respectively in the two experiments.
Thus, the main barrier to Cd uptake seemed to be the root tissue and the contribution of iron plaque on root surfaces to plant
Cd uptake was minor. The changes in plant Cd uptake were not due to Zn or P additions altering Cd adsorption on iron plaque,
but more likely because Zn or P interfered with Cd uptake by the roots and translocation to the shoots. 相似文献
20.
Raya Liberman Liat Shahar Ada Nissim-Levi Dalia Evenor Moshe Reuveni Michal Oren-Shamir 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,100(3):345-348
A protocol for plantlet regeneration through shoot formation was developed for the neotropical shrub Brunfelsia calycina. This shrub is unique in its change in flower color from dark purple to white. Explants from young and mature leaves were
incubated on MS medium (pH 5.7, 30 g/l sucrose, 7.5 g/l agar) with various combinations of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and
6-Benzyladenine (BA) under a 16 h photoperiod at a constant temperature of 25°C. Shoot emergence was best at 4.44 μM BA and
2.85 μM IAA for young leaf explants, and at 8.88 μM BA, 2.85 μM IAA for mature leaf explants. When shoots were transferred
to MS medium supplemented with 1.23–2.46 μM indole butrytic acid (IBA), they developed roots. 相似文献