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广西英罗湾红海榄和木榄两种红树群落小气候的初步研究(简报) 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对广西莫罗湾红海榄和木榄两种红树群落内及空旷地气象要素的对比研究表明,红海榄和木榄两种群７月份３天内的日平均光照强度分别比空旷地（３６４２１ １ｘ）减少８１．９％和４９．８％;平均土温分别低１．８℃和２．３℃;平均风速分别降低６４．７％和６７．７％。红海榄群落内气温和相对湿度的日较差比空旷地和木榄群落内显著增大。 相似文献
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探讨了广西英罗湾红海榄红树林重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr元素的累积及动态。结果表明：植物体不同部位元素的含量范围,分别为Cu 0.433～1.21、Pb 0.369～1.88、Zn 2.94～7.66、Cd0.020～0.233和Cr0.330～0.562μg／g。林地残留物组分元素含量远高于植物体及凋落物组分含量。该群落Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr的现存储量,分别为28.73、25.25、143.68、3.14和14.61mg／m2。林地残留物相应元素的储量,分别为271.68、323.41、1983.70、8.18和34.44μg／m2。群落Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr元素的生物循环为：年吸收量分别为1351.70、1613.12、8808.37、240.74和759.30μg／m2;年存留量分别为842.46、806.91、4694.10,94.88和464.80μg／m2;年归还量分别为509.24、806.21、4114.27、145.86和294.50μg／m2;周转期分别为56、31、35、22和50年;流动系数Cd>Pb、Zn>Cu、Cr。 相似文献
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广西红树林蜘蛛群落研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
广西红树林区及其近邻非红树林生境共采集到蜘蛛８２种,隶属于１３科４９属,其中红树林区有１３科３２属５５种。红树林区以园蛛科、非红树林区以猫蛛科和狼蛛科种类所占比例较高。角腹艾蛛是红树林区的优势种。物种多样性和丰富度红树林区比非红树林区高。 相似文献
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本文主要研究广西合浦山口英罗湾红树林保护区红海榄群落的凋落物,结果表明:(1)红海榄群落1989年凋落物量为631.26 g/m~2,其中落叶561.50 g/m~2,说明落叶在红海榄群落物质归还中起着关键性作用。(2)年凋落物中各组分占总量的比例分别为叶88.95％、花3.68％、果(含胚轴)3.0％和枝4.26％。(3)月凋落物量(Y_1,g/m~2)与月平均气温(X_1,℃)呈线性正相关,其回归公式为Y_1=3.071 x_1-16.804(r=0.77,df=14),相关极显著;月凋落物量(Y_1)与月降水量(X_2,mm)的回归公式为Y_1=0.116 x_2+34.381(r=0.62,df=14),相关极显著。高温高湿季节的凋落物量明显高于低温干燥季节的凋落物量。 相似文献
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广西红海榄红树群落的氯钠动态 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文主要探讨了广西英罗湾64年生红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)红树群落对Cl、Na的吸收分布和生物循环。结果表明:该群落现存生物量中.库存Cl、Na总量分别为349.39g/m~2和279.8 5g/m (g·Cl/g·Na=1.25,mol·Cl/mol.Na=0.81),其中地上部分别占60.4%和5 6.9%,地下部分别占39.6%和4 3.1%。群落Cl、Na的生物循环为:年吸收量分别为40.18g/m~2和26.56g/m~2;年存留量分别为11.40g/m~2和9.15g/m~2;年归还量分别为28.78g/m~2和17.41g/m ~2;循环系数分别为0.72和0.66。周转期Cl(12年)快于Na(16年)。群落对Cl、Na的富集率分别为2.18和1.8. 相似文献
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红树林是热带海岸浅水群落。广西钦州地区位于北热带,具有不少的红树植物。由于红树植物是良好的护岸森林,木材坚实可制家俱、造船,果实可食用,嫩枝叶作绿肥,受到当地人民欢迎。近年来,由于围海造田影响,面积减少,也严重破坏了沿海鱼虾饵料基地,近海水产下降。如何从生态系统的观点来研究红树林是紧迫的任务。本文是1981年5月份在广西钦州地区防城、钦州、合浦三县和北海市工作的简报。 相似文献
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根据广西英罗港红树植物群落的演替过程, 研究了5个主要演替阶段红树植物群落优势种地上部分的7种元素 （N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Na、Cl）含量、群落元素积累量及其与土壤肥力的关系。结果表明：1）红树植物不同器官元素含量大小为：N、P、K均为花果＞叶＞枝＞皮＞干,Ca为皮＞枝、叶＞花果＞干,Mg为花果＞叶＞皮＞枝＞干, Na、Cl为叶、花果＞皮＞枝＞干;2）同一器官中各元素含量均以Cl、Na最多, 其次是N、Ca、K, 然后是Mg, 最少是P;3）随着进展演替, 红树植物群落优势种的N、P、K含量呈明显减少 相似文献
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Ecophysiology of mangroves 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
Marilyn C. Ball 《Trees - Structure and Function》1988,2(3):129-142
Conclusion Mangrove forests are of major ecological and commercial importance, yet the future of these resources is threatened by pollution, development and over-exploitation. There is an urgent need to develop sound management practices based on a functional understanding of the physical and biological processes underlying mangrove ecosystem dynamics. Such biological processes include dispersal (Rabinowitz 1978), herbivory (Smith 1987) and the physiological bases of species interactions and responses to environmental factors. Understanding these processes is essential for the development of more comprehensive and predictive modelling of mangrove ecosystem dynamics than has previously been possible. 相似文献
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B. R. Lugendo A. de Groene I. Cornelissen A. Pronker I. Nagelkerken G. van der Velde Y. D. Mgaya 《Hydrobiologia》2007,586(1):1-16
Spatial and temporal variation in the fish community structure were studied in a tropical non-estuarine embayment in Chwaka Bay, Zanzibar (Tanzania). Fish samples were collected bi-monthly (at each spring low tide) for 1 year (November 2001–October 2002) from a range of bay habitats ranging from mangroves deep inside the bay to seagrass beds close to the mouth of the bay. Additionally, environmental variables were examined to determine their relationship with the fish community structure. Being a non-estuarine embayment, the environmental variables as well as the fish community structure in each habitat remained relatively constant for most part of the year; however, a marked decline was observed during the rainy period (April–May). Significant variations in fish community variables (density, biomass and species richness) and in water temperature and salinity were observed during the rainy season in all habitats, with larger changes in the mangrove and mud/sand flats habitats than in the seagrass beds. Seasonal variations in water clarity and dissolved oxygen were not significant, though. Many species disappeared from the mangrove and mud/sand flats habitats during the rainy season and those which persisted showed a remarkable decrease in density. Moreover, the results indicate that mangroves were the preferred settling habitats for Gerres filamentosus, Gerres oyena, Lethrinus lentjan and Monodactylus argenteus, especially during the dry period (December–February) before the rainy season. This observation is contrary to what has been reported from some other tropical regions where greater abundance and species richness was observed during the rainy season. A significant relationship was found between density of fish and temperature, salinity and turbidity. Since salinity was the most conspicuously changing environmental variable with seasons, we propose that salinity, alone or in combination with low visibility and temperature, was probably the most important environmental factor structuring the fish assemblage in the mangrove and mud/sand flats habitats, particularly during the rainy season. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Handling editor: J. A. Cambray 相似文献
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《农业工程》2014,34(3):141-147
Qinzhou Bay, the biggest bay in Guangxi Province, is very species-rich and is developing a robust marine economy. In recent years, as human impact has increased, problems associated with the environment have become more complicated. Measuring zooplankton diversity and abundance is a way to monitor environmental conditions. According to the data from four ecological surveys of the zooplankton in Qinzhou Bay during 2008 and 2009, a total of 134 species of zooplankton were identified, including 52 Copepoda species, 27 Medusa species, 14 Planktonic larvae, 9 Chaetognatha species, 8 Pteropoda species, 5 Amphipoda species, 4 Cladocera species, 4 Ostracoda species, 3 Thaliacea species, 2 Appendiculata species, 2 Sergestdae species, 2 Protlsta species, 1 Rotiera species and 1 Cumacea species. The fauna was clearly characterized as tropical population. The total species number was highest in autumn, followed by spring, winter and summer. Zooplankton species diversity in Qinzhou Bay has increased compared with the results obtained in 1983–1985 (83 species). However, compared with other bays, the number of zooplankton species in Qinzhou Bay is close to Daya Bay (128), higher than in Zhilin Bay (60), Jiaozhou Bay (81) and Luoyuan Bay (70), and far lower than in the north South Sea (709). We adopted the dominant index Y > 0.02 as the distinguishing standard of dominant species. The number of dominant species in spring, summer, autumn and winter were six, nine, eight and five. There was only one common dominant species (Penilia avirostris) appeared in different seasons, For summer and autumn, the shared dominant species numbered about four. Between other seasons, the shared dominant species varied between two and three. The number of uniquely dominant species was four in summer, three in autumn and one in both spring and winter. The dominant species in different seasons have some overlaps and some differences. The average biomass of zooplankton was 378 mg/m3 at all times of year. The average biomass was largest in autumn, followed by winter, and was the least in spring and summer. The average density of zooplankton for the entire year was 805.11 ind/m3. The average density was largest in summer, followed by winter, and was least in autumn and spring. Copepoda and Planktonic larvae were the major components of zooplankton in spring and summer at Qinzhou Bay, with the other species’ densities under 10%. In autumn, Copepoda, Planktonic larvae and Chaetognatha were the major components of the biomass, and in winter, the major species were Copepoda and Cladocera, with the others species’ density under 10%. The average value of the Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H′) was 3.84 and the evenness index (J′) was 0.77. The zooplankton diversity index and community evenness overall were good and the community organization had a complete and stable state, but the status of the community was relatively weak. The relationship between biomass/density of zooplankton and environmental factors is remarkable. Biomass and density are positively correlated with temperature and nutrient concentration, and are negatively correlated with salinity. 相似文献
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本文对我国一个特有的植物群落——嘉利树林的立地条件、群落组成及其地理分布以及群落结构等,作了初步分析。从群落区系成分的分析,表明了该群落在种类组成上的特点及古老性,从而证实嘉利树林的古老性质。从生活型谱的分析表明,嘉利树林具有以落叶中高位芽植物为主的特点。对该群落的动态也作了初步分析。 相似文献
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The Carrierea calycina forest is confined to Jinfo Shah (28˚58″N; I07˚27″E), Sichuan province. Field observations were made in this mountainal area in 1978. In this paper the composition and structure of the interesting community, its enviroment, as well as the dynamics are discussed. The Carrierea calycina forest contains 113 species of higher plants. Among the higher plants 72 species (64.2%) are endemic to China, 20 species have a Sino-Japanese distributional pattern, and a few are Sino-Southeast Asia, elements (table 1). According to the coefficient of similarity of the components, sameness in the bedrock underlying the forest, and dominant species, the forest occuring in four quadrats can be consider- ed the Corrierea calycina community. Based on Raunkiaers classification of life form, the phanerophytes rank first in the type of Carrierea calycina community amounting to 51.8% (fig. 1). Analysis of the population structures of Carrierea calycina and Lithocarpus cleistocarpus indicate that the Carrierea calycina community is not in a steady-state condition. The species Lithocarpus cleistocarpus would replace the Corrierea calycina in the community. 相似文献
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通过2010年6月现场航次19个站点的调查,应用反相高效液相色谱(RP - HPLC) 并结合二极管阵列检测器分析技术,分析了丰水期广西钦州湾浮游植物光合色素组成,进而由CHEMTAX 软件估算全粒级浮游植物的群落结构。结果表明,钦州湾浮游植物光合色素含量以叶绿素a最高,其次为岩藻黄素;浮游植物的优势类群为硅藻,其次为蓝藻和青绿藻,它们分别平均占据了浮游植物生物量的70.2%、12.6%和9.4%,而其它藻类除了绿藻茅岭江河口占据较高的比例(40.2%)之外在其它站点所占比例很低。钦州湾浮游植物群落结构形成了茅岭江口、内湾、外湾和湾外近海共四种类型,茅岭江口以绿藻为优势类群,内湾以硅藻、蓝藻和青绿藻为主要优势类群,外湾以硅藻为单一优势类群,湾外相对于外湾硅藻比重略为下降。主要光合色素含量及浮游植物类群生物量的分布特征与盐度、营养盐关系密切,浮游植物群落结构的分布变化主要受径流及其输入导致的营养盐变化的影响,而这种影响导致了内湾和外湾之间浮游植物主要类群的生物量多寡及浮游植物群落结构的差异。 相似文献
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《生态学杂志》2025,44(10)
广西山口红树林生态国家级自然保护区面临严峻的互花米草入侵形势;亟待治理修复。于2022年4月至2023年4月在广西英罗湾设置3个咪唑烟酸除草剂（商品名为抗米净）浓度施药组（D1:50.0;D2:62.5;D3:75.0 g·L-1）和CK组开展灭除互花米草试验;期间8次采样监测大型底栖动物群落变化;并运用多种群落指标分析评估抗米净对大型底栖动物群落的影响。8次采样共获大型底栖动物7门8纲44种;以软体类和节肢类动物为主。各组群落种类组成全过程波动较大;未出现受到施药影响的规律性趋势。施药组D1和D2在短期的密度和生物量均升高。3个施药组在短期的优势种数量持平甚至上升;中、后期则呈下降趋势;优势聚集在扁平拟闭口蟹（Paracleistostoma depressum）一种。4个试验组在短期的优势种更替率差异不明显;在中、后期则差异明显。物种更替指数没有呈现明显的阶段性变化;多数时候迁出迁入的物种较多。物种迁移指数显示;大部分时间的迁入与迁出物种数差别较小。大型底栖动物污染指数指示绝大多数时间生境是清洁的。综合判断;抗米净药液浓度50.0 g·L-1、使用量为60 L·hm-2的使用方法清除互花米草;对大型底栖动物群落的生态影响是可接受的。 相似文献
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应用反相高效液相色谱(RP - HPLC) 并结合二极管阵列检测器分析技术,分析了2010年平水期钦州湾浮游植物光合色素组成,进而由CHEMTAX 软件估算全粒级浮游植物的群落结构。结果表明：平水期浮游植物特征光合色素含量以岩藻黄素最高,其次为叶绿素b、玉米黄素和青绿素,其它特征光合色素含量较低;水体中色素组成表明浮游植物的优势类群为硅藻,其次为蓝藻和青绿藻,它们分别平均占据了浮游植物生物量的73.9%、11.7%和8.7%,其它藻类所占比例很低。硅藻呈现出从湾顶往外随着盐度增加而增加的趋势,而青绿藻显现出相反的分布趋势。钦州湾浮游植物群落结构形成了茅岭江和钦江河口、湾颈-外湾近岸和外湾靠外海域共三种类型,平水期浮游植物群落结构的组成和分布特征主要是由茅岭江和钦江径流变化以及营养盐等环境所决定。平水期叶绿素b和青绿素在大部分站点存在证实了青绿藻在钦州湾的分布,而且表明青绿藻、绿藻和定鞭金藻等微型藻类在钦州湾占有相当比重,它们的重要性有待进一步研究。 相似文献