共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 70 毫秒
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作为植物体内一类重要的信号分子,小肽在飞摩尔(fmol)级的浓度下被相应的细胞质膜类受体激酶识别并结合,开启小肽-受体介导的细胞间信号转导过程,从而调控植物干细胞的生长与增殖,调节根、茎、叶、花和果实等多种植物器官的发育,协调植物响应生物和非生物胁迫等多种生理过程。随着研究的不断深入,越来越多的报道揭示了小肽在水稻(Oryza sativa)、玉米(Zea mays)、马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)及番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)等多种作物农艺性状中的重要调控功能,暗示着小肽信号在作物遗传改良中的巨大应用潜力。本文系统总结了小肽-受体介导的信号转导模式在植物中的生物学功能及分子机制,重点综述了小肽在调控作物产量、品质和抗性等重要农艺性状中的研究进展,并讨论了小肽信号应用于作物育种改良的策略,最后提出了小肽研究的未来方向。 相似文献
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植物外源凝集素及其在植物基因工程中的应用 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
植物外源凝集素及其基因研究所近年来发展迅速,尤其是在植物基因工程中,植物外源凝集素越来越受到重视。本文介绍了植物外源凝集素的分类、分布、多样性、基本组成与结构、凝集素基因同源性、表达及生物学功能等。重点讨论了凝集素基因在植物基因工程中的应用。 相似文献
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植物基因转移及其应用前景 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
植物基因转移及其应用前景刘金元(山东省农科院原子能应用研究所,济南)自从1974年Vanlarebeket[12]等人在根癌农杆菌中发现一种与双子叶植物肿瘤诱导有关的质粒,随后Chilton[7]等人又从分子水平证实了该质粒中的一个DNA片段(T-D... 相似文献
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A transgenic perspective on plant functional genomics 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
Pereira A 《Transgenic research》2000,9(4-5):245-260
Transgenic crops are very much in the news due to the increasing public debate on their acceptance. In the scientific community
though, transgenic plants are proving to be powerful tools to study various aspects of plant sciences. The emerging scientific
revolution sparked by genomics based technologies is producing enormous amounts of DNA sequence information that, together
with plant transformation methodology, is opening up new experimental opportunities for functional genomics analysis. An overview
is provided here on the use of transgenic technology for the functional analysis of plant genes in model plants and a link
made to their utilization in transgenic crops. In transgenic plants, insertional mutagenesis using heterologous maize transposons
or Agrobacterium mediated T-DNA insertions, have been valuable tools for the identification and isolation of genes that display a mutant phenotype.
To discover functions of genes that do not display phenotypes when mutated, insertion sequences have been engineered to monitor
or change the expression pattern of adjacent genes. These gene detector insertions can detect adjacent promoters, enhancers
or gene exons and precisely reflect the expression pattern of the tagged gene. Activation tag insertions can mis-express the
adjacent gene and confer dominant phenotypes that help bridge the phenotype gap. Employment of various forms of gene silencing
technology broadens the scope of recovering knockout phenotypes for genes with redundant function. All these transgenic strategies
describing gene-phenotype relationships can be addressed by high throughput reverse genetics methods that will help provide
functions to the genes discovered by genome sequencing. The gene functions discovered by insertional mutagenesis and silencing
strategies along with expression pattern analysis will provide an integrated functional genomics perspective and offer unique
applications in transgenic crops.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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TILLING moves beyond functional genomics into crop improvement 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Transgenic methods have been successfully applied to trait improvement in a number of crops. However, reverse genetics studies by transgenic means are not practical in many commercially important crops, hampering investigations into gene function and the development of novel and improved cultivars. A nontransgenic method for reverse genetics called Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) has been developed as a method for inducing and identifying novel genetic variation, and has been demonstrated in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Recently, TILLING has been extended to the improvement of crop plants and shows great promise as a general method for both functional genomics and modulation of key traits in diverse crops. 相似文献
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近年来,随着许多植物基因组测序和可利用序列的增加,相继建立了一些基于靶基因诱变的“反向”遗传学研究策略,如T—DNA诱变、基因敲除、基因沉默和超表达分析等。同时,DNA微阵列和基因芯片技术的发展使得快速、定量检测植物发育不同时期和不同组织器官的基因转录时空变化成为现实。作图技术的改进和来自不同物种基因组信息的整合也正在加速图谱克隆程序的简化和发展。因此,随着生物基因组测序工作日益增多,整合不同类群植物基因组的信息和资源,在植物功能基因组学研究中的重要性日趋显著。 相似文献
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肠道病毒71型的功能基因组学研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
肠道病毒71型(enterovirus type 71,EV71)感染通常引起婴幼儿手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD),但少数可引起无菌性脑膜炎(asepic meningitis)、脑炎(encephalitis)和类脊髓灰质炎的麻痹性疾病(poliomyelitis-like paralysis)等严重的神经系统疾病。功能基因组学研究对于探讨EV71的感染及复制过程、药物及疫苗的研制具有重大意义。该文就EV71的基因组结构及其功能的研究进展作简要的概述。 相似文献
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Approaches to functional genomics in filamentous fungi 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
The study of gene function in filamentous fungi is a field of research that has made great advances in very recent years. A number of transformation and gene manipulation strategies have been developed and applied to a diverse and rapidly expanding list of economically important filamentous fungi and oomycetes. With the significant number of fungal genomes now sequenced or being sequenced, functional genomics promises to uncover a great deal of new information in coming years. This review discusses recent advances that have been made in examining gene function in filamentous fungi and describes the advantages and limitations of the different approaches. 相似文献

