中药止痢灵对淋病流行株的体外抑菌作用

目的：了解止痢灵对淋病流行株的体外抑菌作用。方法：从湛江地区分离出22株淋病流行株,应用打孔法测定止痢灵及其单方的体外抑菌作用,根据抑菌圈直径大小,判定中药的敏感性。结果：复方止痢灵对淋病流行株有较强的抑菌作用;而其单方黄柏、白头翁、苦参对淋球菌的抑菌作用较弱。结论：止痢灵对淋球菌的抑菌作用,为临床治疗淋病及其他泌尿系感染开辟了新的途径,也为耐药菌株的控制提供了理论依据。     

广州地区淋球菌抗生素耐药性及质粒图谱研究

目的：了解广州地区淋球菌对抗生素的耐药性及质粒图谱。方法：用琼脂稀释法测定5种抗生素对167株菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）及用破裂解法分析160株菌的质粒图谱。结果：167株淋球菌检出PPN9株（5．4％）,TRNG16株（9．6％）,环丙沙星耐药率达78．4％,头孢三嗪,壮观霉素未发现耐药菌株。160株菌其质粒谱型2．6Md 4.5Md(24.4%),2.6Md 4.5Md 24.5Md(20.6%),2.6Md 24.5Md(20.6%),4.5Md检出率（45％）24.5Md检出率（41．3％）。结论：表明了广州地区淋球菌抗生素的耐药性和质粒图谱,有助于淋病的治疗和防治。     

COMPARATIVE KINETIC STUDIES OF NITRATE-LIMITED GROWTH AND NITRATE UPTAKE IN PHYTOPLANKTON IN CONTINUOUS CULTURE1

A comparative study of nitrate-limited growth and nitrate uptake was carried out in chemostat cultures of Ankistrodesmus falcatus (Corda) Ralfs., Asterionella formosa Hass., and Fragilaria crotonensis Kit. In each species growth rate (μ) was related to total cell nitrogen or cell quota (q) by the empirical Droop growth function. Nitrate uptake was a function of both external N concentration and q. The apparent maximum uptake rate (V_m') at a given μ was inversely related to q – q₀, where q₀ is the minimum quota. The apparent half-saturation constant for uptake, (K_m') appears to show a slight inverse trend with μ, although statistical analysis shows that this trend is inconclusive. When q approaches q₀, V_m' is several orders of magnitude greater than μq, the calculated steady-state uptake rate. As q increases, however, the difference between these two variables decreases sharply until q approaches q_m, the cell quota for nitrogen-rich cells. At this point the difference between μq and V_m' disappears. This behavior is explained by the feedback regulation of N uptake. The inverse relationship between V_m' and q – q₀ can be described by an empirical three-parameter equation.     

杭州市淋病奈瑟菌质粒酶切图谱分析研究

目的 :了解杭州市淋病奈瑟菌质粒携带及质粒谱型分布情况。方法 :采用碱裂解法对门诊 2 0 0 0年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 10月分离的 2 0 7株淋病奈瑟菌进行了质粒抽提及质粒谱分型研究 ,并对菌株的青霉素耐药现象和耐药性质粒的关系进行探讨。结果 :2 0 7株淋病奈瑟菌中 194株 (93 .7% )检见质粒带 ,其中含一条质粒带的 112株 (5 4.11% ) ,含两条质粒带的 12株 (5 .8% ) ,含三条带的 70株 (3 3 .82 % ) ,尚有 13株(6.2 8% )未检测到质粒。以 E.coli V5 17细菌质粒作分子量标准 ,测得这些分子量分别为 2 .6、4.5、和 2 4.5Md。质粒谱型以 2 .6 4.5 2 4.5 Md(3 3 .82 % )多见。结论 :杭州地区质粒酶切图谱的分析研究有助于淋病的治疗和防治 ,这将对该地区淋病奈瑟菌的分子流行病学调查和淋病监控提供依据     

STUDIES OF THE GROWTH OF PENICILLIUM CHRYSOGENUM IN CONTINUOUS FLOW CULTURE WITH REFERENCE TO PENICILLIN PRODUCTION

SUMMARY: A filamentous mould was cultured by the continuous flow method in which medium is supplied at a constant rate and the culture volume is kept constant. Flow rates up to 0·1 culture volumes/hr were used. The mycelial dry weight concentration and the yield of mycelium/g of carbon source used were equal to or slightly greater than the maximum obtained in batch culture. With glucose concentrations up to 80 g/1. at a flow rate of 0·05 culture volumes/hr, about 45% of the substrate carbon was converted into mycelial carbon and the remainder oxidized to CO₂.
With unlimited amounts of all nutrients available growth of the mould followed the exponential law, as does bacterial growth, and therefore the mould had a constant doubling time.
The oxygen demand of the mould as function of growth rate was determined.
Conditions were found under which the rate of penicillin production/g of mycelium remained at its maximum value for 1000 hr.     

1998～2002年广州地区淋球菌对抗生素耐药性的变迁

目的 :了解 1998～ 2 0 0 2年广州地区淋球菌对 5种抗生素的耐药性的变迁及产青霉素酶淋球菌(PPNG)和高水平耐四环素淋球菌 (TRNG)的流行状况。方法 :用琼脂稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)以及用纸片碘量法检测β-内酰胺酶。结果 :60 3株淋球菌检出 PPNG 64株 (10 .6% )、TRNG 83株 (13 .7% ) ,1998～ 2 0 0 2年 ,PPNG、TRNG流行率及环丙沙星耐药率 ,经μ检验 ,P<0 .0 1,差异有显著性。头孢曲松、壮观霉素未发现耐药菌株 ,壮观霉素抗菌活性最强。结论 :持续监测淋球菌的耐药性十分重要     

STEADY STATE GROWTH OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN CONTINUOUS CULTURE: COMPARISON OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL NUTRIENT EQUATIONS1,2

Previously, there have been conflicts over whether external or internal nutrient concentrations control phytoplankton growth rates at steady state in continuous culture. To experimentally demonstrate that both equations equally describe steady state growth, continuous culture studies with phosphorus-limited growth of the chrysophyte Monochrysis lutheri Droop were carried out over the entire growth rate region up to biomass washout. Data were examined using both the Monod and Droop equations, and, even though there were significant variations in the yield coefficient with growth rate, the data fit both equations reasonably well. Because of their relative simplicity, the Droop equation and an equation combining both the Monod and Droop equations are better suited for expressing kinetic data than the Monod equation. It is crucial, though, that the criteria necessary to achieve steady state be fulfilled.     

淋球菌主要外膜蛋白的部分纯化与鉴定

应用国产十六烷基三甲基溴化铵提取淋球菌外膜蛋白Ｉ（ＰＩ）,继用Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ６Ｂ纯化,并通过ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ鉴定所提ＰＩ的纯度,以及用琼脂双扩散法测定其抗原性。该法提取淋球菌ＰＩ的纯度高,收获量大,对抗原结构无破坏,适宜在淋球菌的生物学研究中应用。     

A CONTINUOUS CULTURE STUDY OF PHOSPHATE UPTAKE,GROWTH RATE AND POLYPHOSPHATE IN SCENEDESMUS SP.1

The kinetics of phosphate uptake and growth in Scenedesmus sp. have been studied in continuous culture with particular reference to the shifts in the cellular P compounds as a function of growth rate. Uptake velocity is a function of both internal and external substrate concentrations and can be described by the kinetics of noncompetitive enzyme inhibition. The concentrations of polyphosphates (alkali-extractable or 7-min) can he substituted as inhibitors in the kinetic equation. The apparent half-saturation constant of uptake. K_m, is 0.6 μM. The apparent half-saturation concentration for growth is less than K_m, by 1 order of magnitude. Growth is a function of cellular P concentrations, and the polyphosphates (alkali-extractable or 7-min) appear to regulate growth rate directly or indirectly. To understand P limitation, therefore, it is necessary to measure both external P and internal polyphosphate levels. Evidence indicates that alkali-extractable polyphosphates, which can be quantitatively determined by a simple method of measuring surplus P, are involved in cell division process find that a maintenance concentration of functional phosphate exists in the form of poly phosphates. Alkaline phosphatase activity has an inversely linear relationship to growth rate and to the reciprocals of both polyphosphates and surplus P. Changes in lipid P, RNA P, and presumably all other forms except DNA are related to changes in growth rate.     

应用单抗和流式细胞仪分析淋球菌的表面抗原

报告了利用流式细胞仪测定分析10株抗淋球菌脂寡糖单克隆抗体所识别的抗原分子表达的特点,定量地显示了这些抗原分子表达的稳定性和数量的多少,评价了单克隆抗体与不同血清型淋球菌的反应性。