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1.
N. Irvani M. Solouki M. Omidi A. R. Zare S. Shahnazi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,100(3):293-299
Dorema ammoniacum D. Don. (Apiaceae), a native medicinal plant in Iran, is classified as a vulnerable species. Root, hypocotyl, and cotyledon
segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) (1962) medium supplemented with either 2,4-dichlorophenyoxyacetic acid
(2,4-D) or naphathalene acetic acid (NAA), at 0–2 mg l−1, alone or in combination with either benzyladenine (BA) or kinetin (KN), at 0–2 mg l−1 for callus induction. The best response (100%) was observed from root segments on MS medium containing 1 mg l−1 NAA and 2 mg l−1 BA. The calli derived from various explants were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with BA (1–4 mg l−1) alone or in combination with NAA or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), at 0.2 or 0.5 mg l−1 for shoot induction. Calli derived from hypocotyl segments showed significantly higher frequency of plantlet regeneration
and number of plantlets than the calli derived from root and cotyledon segments. Therefore, MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l−1 BA and 0.2 mg l−1 IBA produced the highest frequency of shoot regeneration (87.3%) in hypocotyl-derived callus. The optimal medium for rooting
contained 2.5 mg l−1 IBA on which 87.03% of the regenerated shoots developed roots with an average number of 5.2 roots per shoots within 30 days.
These plantlets were hardened and transferred to the soil. The described method can be successfully employed for the large-scale
multiplication and conservation of germplasm this plant. 相似文献
2.
Simões-Gurgel Claudia Cordeiro Lívia da Silva de Castro Tatiana Carvalho Callado Cátia Henriques Albarello Norma Mansur Elisabeth 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,106(3):537-545
The effects of different levels of Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and sucrose
on anthocyanin production and biomass accumulation of cell suspension cultures of Cleome rosea were investigated. Cultures were established in liquid MS medium containing 30 g l−1 sucrose and supplemented with 0.90 μM 2,4-D. Proliferating cell suspension cultures achieved the highest growth capacity,
a fourfold increase in biomass accumulation, following subculture at the exponential growth phase, 14–18 days of culture.
Moreover, the presence of 2,4-D was essential for anthocyanin production and biomass accumulation. On the other hand, increasing
levels of sucrose above 30 g l−1 resulted in a drastic reduction in biomass accumulation. Anthocyanin production was highest in cell suspension cultures grown
on half-strength MS medium (1/2 MS), 30 g l−1 sucrose, and 0.45 μM 2,4-D. These cell suspension cultures were mainly composed of small aggregates of spherical cells with
similar morphology observed in anthocyanin-producing and non-producing cultures. Moreover, microscopic analysis of anthocyanin-producing
cultures showed the presence of mixtures of non-pigmented, low-pigmented, and high-pigmented cells. 相似文献
3.
Su-Juan Zhao Zhong-Chun Zhang Xiang Gao Gulsum Tohsun Bao-Sheng Qiu 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2009,99(1):9-16
An efficient micropropagation system for mining ecotype Sedum alfredii Hance, a newly identified Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator, was developed. Frequency of callus induction reached up to 70% from leaves
incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.5 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA), and 83% from internodal stem segments grown on MS medium with 0.1 mg l−1 2,4-D and 0.1 mg l−1 BA. Callus proliferated rapidly on MS medium containing 0.2 mg l−1 2,4-D and 0.05 mg l−1 thidiazuron. The highest number of adventitious buds per callus (17.3) and frequency of shoot regeneration (93%) were obtained
when calli were grown on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l−1 BA and 0.3 mg l−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Elongation of shoots was achieved when these were incubated on MS medium containing 3.0 mg l−1 gibberellic acid. Induction of roots was highest (21.4 roots per shoot) when shoots were transferred to MS medium containing
2.0 mg l−1 indole 3-butyric acid rather than either indole 3-acetic acid or NAA. When these in vitro plants were acclimatized and transferred
to the greenhouse, and grown in hydroponic solutions containing 200 μM cadmium (Cd), they exhibited high efficiency of Cd
transport, from roots to shoots, and hyperaccumulation of Cd. 相似文献
4.
This study demonstrates the morphogenic potential of pulvinus, an important organ situated at the base of the petiole or rachis
of leguminous plants. Plant regeneration via pulvinus-derived calli of Caesalpinia bonduc has been achieved. Organogenic calli have been derived from the explant 45 days after culture on Murashige and Skoog (MS)
medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) alone or in combination with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Optimum
callus induction (100%) occurred when the pulvini were cultured on MS medium fortified with 6 mg l−1 2,4-D and 1 mg l−1 BA. The highest shoot induction was obtained when the calli were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 5 mg l−1 BA and 1 mg l−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). On this medium, 87% cultures responded with an average number of 4.2 shoots per culture. The
maximum root induction from the regenerated shoots was observed on half strength MS medium containing 6 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Here 100% shoots rooted with a mean number of 6.3 roots per shoot. The regenerated plantlets
were acclimatized and subsequently showed normal growth. This efficient protocol will be helpful for propagating elite clones
on a mass scale and could be utilized for genetic transformation study. 相似文献
5.
Plant regeneration was achieved through direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis in Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Callus was induced from mature zygotic embryos and from cotyledon explants collected from 10, 15, 25, and 30-day-old seedlings
cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).
Maximum callus induction from mature zygotic embryos was obtained on MS basal medium containing 1 mg l−1 NAA. The frequency of callus development varied based on the age of the cotyledon explants 10-day-old explants giving highest
percentage on MS basal medium supplemented with 1 mg l−1 NAA. Callus obtained from mature zygotic embryos gave highest frequency of somatic embryogenesis on MS basal medium containing
0.5 mg l−1 benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg l−1 NAA. Separate age wise culture of the calli, obtained from cotyledons of different ages cultured separately, revealed high
somatic embryogenic potential on callus from 10-day-old cotyledons. Direct somatic embryogenesis too was obtained from hypocotyl
explants without an intervening callus phase on MS basal medium containing 0.5 mg l−1 BA. The effects of abscisic acid (ABA), sucrose, and different strengths of MS medium on somatic embryo maturation and germination
were also investigated. Number of mature somatic embryos increased with lower concentrations (0–1 mg l−1) of ABA while no significant differences were observed at higher concentrations (2–5 mg l−1) of ABA. Compared to basal medium containing lower concentrations of sucrose (1%), the MS medium supplemented with higher
levels of sucrose (4%) showed significantly lower frequency of mature somatic embryos. Basal medium without any dilution gave
the highest number of immature embryos. However, the number of mature embryos was high at higher medium dilutions. 相似文献
6.
Weimei Jiang Luxi Chen Qi Pan Yingxiong Qiu Yingying Shen Chengxin Fu 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2012,34(2):631-639
Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng is an endangered plant due to overharvesting for the extraction of podophyllotoxin. Thus, the in vitro technique
is valuable for the propagation of this species. When the explants of rhizome buds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s
(MS) medium with 6-benzyladenine (BA) (1.0 mg l−1), gibberellic acid (GA3) (0.5 mg l−1) and zeatin (Zea) (0.5 mg l−1), multiple buds were regenerated directly on the explants without callusing within 6 weeks. Callus was induced from the leaf
segment cultures on MS basal medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5 mg l−1) and BA (0.2 mg l−1) within 4 weeks. The adventitious buds were differentiated when the calli were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with
BA (1.0 mg l−1) and thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.2 mg l−1) within 6 weeks. The adventitious buds obtained from callus and the rhizome-buds rooted with a frequency of 100% on half
strength MS medium fortified with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 0.5 mg l−1 and activated charcoal (AC) 0.5 g l−1 for 4 weeks. The rooted shoots were successfully transplanted from a mixture of vermiculite:soil (1:1 v/v) to the field with
a survival rate of 85%. Podophyllotoxin production in calli, cultured rhizomes, rhizomes of transplanting plants from the
garden and rhizomes in the wild field was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Our results
suggest that calli, cultured rhizomes and rhizomes of transplanting plants would be the potential sources of podophyllotoxin. 相似文献
7.
Meiru Li Hongqing Li Xiaoying Hu Xiaoping Pan Guojiang Wu 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(3):321-327
Zoysia tenuifolia Willd. ex Trin. is one of the most popularly cultivated turfgrass. This is the first report of successful plant regeneration
and genetic transformation protocols for Z. tenuifolia using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Initial calli was induced from stem nodes incubated on a Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg l−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA), with a frequency of 53%. Compact calli were selected and subcultured monthly on the fresh medium. Sixty-nine
percent of the calli could be induced to regenerate plantlets when the calli incubated on a MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg l−1 BA under darkness. For genetic transformation, calli were incubated with A. tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring the binary vector pCAMBIA 1301 which contains the hpt gene as a selectable marker for hygromycin resistance and an intron-containing β-glucuronidase gene (gus-int) as a reporter gene. Following co-cultivation, about 12% of the callus explants produced hygromycin resistant calli on
MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l−1 2,4-D, 1 mg l−1 BA, 50 mg l−1 hygromycin, 500 mg l−1 cefotaxime after 8 weeks. Shoots were regenerated following transfer of the resistant calli to shoot induction medium containing
0.2 mg l−1 BA, 50 mg l−1 hygromycin, and 250 mg l−1 cefotaxime, and about 46% of the resistant calli differentiated into shoots. Finally, all the resistant shoots were rooted
on 1/2 MS media supplemented with 50 mg l−1 hygromycin, 250 mg l−1 cefotaxime. The transgenic nature of the transformants was demonstrated by the detection of β-glucuronidase activity in the primary transformants and by PCR and Southern hybridization analysis. About 5% of the total
inoculated callus explants produced transgenic plants after approximately 5 months. The procedure described will be useful
for both, the introduction of desired genes into Z. tenuifolia and the molecular analysis of gene function. 相似文献
8.
Jing Li Yang Bo Zhao Eun Soo Seong Myong Jo Kim Won Hee Kang Na Young Kim Chang Yeon Yu Cheng Hao Li 《Plant biotechnology reports》2010,4(4):261-267
We describe culture conditions for a high-efficiency in vitro regeneration system of Papaver
nudicaule through somatic embryogenesis and secondary somatic embryogenesis. The embryogenic callus induction rate was highest when
petiole explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1.0 mg l−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) (36.7%). When transferred to plant growth regulator (PGR)-free medium, 430 somatic embryos formed asynchronously
from 90 mg of embryogenic callus in each 100-ml flask. Early-stage somatic embryos were transferred to MS medium containing
1.0 mg l−1 BA and 1.0 mg l−1 NAA to germinate at high frequency (97.6%). One-third-strength MS medium with 1.0% sucrose and 1.0 mg l−1 GA3 had the highest frequency of plantlet conversion from somatic embryos (91.2%). Over 90% of regenerated plantlets were successfully
acclimated in the greenhouse. Secondary somatic embryos were frequently induced directly when the excised hypocotyls of the
primary somatic embryos were cultured on MS medium without PGRs. Sucrose concentration significantly affected the induction
of secondary embryos. The highest induction rate (89.5) and number of secondary somatic embryos per explant (9.3) were obtained
by 1% sucrose. Most secondary embryos (87.2–94.3%) developed into the cotyledonary stage on induction medium. All cotyledonary
secondary embryos were converted into plantlets both in liquid and on semisolid 1/3-strength MS medium with 1.0% sucrose. 相似文献
9.
Kailash Choudhary M. Singh M. S. Rathore N. S. Shekhawat 《Plant biotechnology reports》2009,3(3):205-211
An efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for moth bean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal] via somatic embryogenesis has been developed. Embryogenic callus cultures were established from the cotyledonary
node as explant on semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.75 mg l−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1.5 mg l−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and with various additives (50 mg l−1 ascorbic acid and 25 mg l−1 each of adenine sulphate, citric acid and l-arginine). Numerous somatic embryos differentiated on MS basal nutrient medium supplemented with 0.25 mg l−1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg l−1 of kinetin (Kin). Sustained cell division resulted in the formation of cell aggregates, which progressed to the globular-
and heart-shaped somatic embryos and then, if they differentiated properly, to the torpedo shape and cotyledonary stages.
The transfer of embryos onto fresh MS basal medium containing 0.2 mg l−1 BA and 2.0 mg l−1 gibberellic acid enabled the embryos to achieve complete maturation and germination. More than 80% of somatic embryos were
converted into true-to-type fertile plants. In vitro-regenerated plantlets with well-developed roots were successfully hardened
in a greenhouse and established in soil. 相似文献
10.
11.
Ai Hua Chen Jing Li Yang Yu Da Niu Chuan Ping Yang Gui Feng Liu Chang Yeon Yu Cheng Hao Li 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(3):357-364
We developed a new protocol for highly efficient somatic embryogenesis and plantlet conversion of Schisandra chinensis. Friable embryogenic callus was induced from cotyledonary leaves and hypocotyls of germinated zygotic embryos on Murashige
and Skoog (MS) agar medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Preculture of zygotic embryos on 2,4-D-containing
medium increased embryogenic callus induction efficiency. The highest embryogenic callus induction frequency of 56.7% was
obtained from shoot apical meristem-containing hypocotyl explants from 1-week-old germinated embryos on MS medium containing
4.0 mg l−1 2,4-D. Embryogenic callus proliferation, somatic embryo (SE) formation, and subsequent plantlet conversion occurred under
optimal culture conditions. The effects of MS medium strength, sucrose, gibberellic acid (GA3), and 6-benzyladenine (BA) on SE formation and plantlet conversion were evaluated. Low MS medium strength (1/4 to 1/2) was
necessary for SE formation, and the optimal sucrose concentration was 2.0%. Supplementing medium with GA3 negatively impacted SE formation and subsequent development. BA significantly increased the number of SEs and the plantlet
conversion capacity. One-third-strength MS medium with 1.0% sucrose and 0.5 mg l−1 BA produced the highest number of SEs (309 embryos from 9 mg embryogenic callus) and the highest frequency of plantlet conversion
from germinated SEs (52.6%). When transplanted to soil, 90% of the regenerated plants developed into normal plants. 相似文献
12.
Behzad Ahmadi Khoshnood Alizadeh Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2012,109(3):525-533
The effects of three periods of incubation (10, 20 and 30 min) at different levels of bleomycin (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and
0.5 μg ml−1), as well as three periods of exposure (12, 24 and 48 h) to different levels of the anti-auxin p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB), including 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg l−1, on microspore embryogenesis of rapeseed cv. ‘Amica’ were investigated. Microspore embryogenesis was significantly enhanced
following 20 min treatment with 0.2 μg ml−1 bleomycin compared with untreated cultures. Highest embryo yield (163 embryos Petri dish−1) was observed with 24 h treatment of 4 mg l−1 PCIB. The highest percentage of secondary embryogenesis was observed on B5 medium containing 0.15 mg l−1 of gibberellic acid (GA3) and 0.2 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) in 4–6 mm microspore-derived embryos (MDEs). Most callus formed on B5 medium containing 0.15 mg l−1 GA3, 0.1 mg l−1 BA and 0.1 mg l−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) when 4–6 mm embryos were used. Regeneration was highest on B5 medium containing 0.05 mg l−1 GA3 or 0.1 mg l−1 BA and 0.2 mg l−1 IAA with 2–4 mm embryos. Microspore embryogenesis and plant regeneration could be improved by both bleomycin and PCIB when
the appropriate MDE length and phytohormone level were selected. 相似文献
13.
Smita Srivastava Ashok Kumar Srivastava 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2012,48(1):73-84
Azadirachtin, a well-known biopesticide, is a secondary metabolite extracted from the seeds of Azadirachta indica. In the present study, azadirachtin was produced in hairy roots of A. indica, generated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of leaf explants. Liquid cultures of A. indica hairy roots were developed with a liquid-to-flask volume ratio of 0.15. The kinetics of growth and azadirachtin production
were established in a basal plant growth medium containing MS medium major and minor salts, Gamborg’s medium vitamins, and
30 g l−1 sucrose. The highest azadirachtin accumulation in the hairy roots (up to 3.3 mg g−1) and azadirachtin production (∼44 mg l−1) was obtained on Day 25 of the growth cycle, with a biomass production of 13.3 g l−1 dry weight. To enhance the production of azadirachtin, a Plackett–Burman experimental design protocol was used to identify
key medium nutrients and concentrations to support high root biomass production and azadirachtin accumulation in hairy roots.
The optimal nutrients and concentrations were as follows: 40 g l−1 sucrose, 0.19 g l−1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3.1 g l−1 potassium nitrate, and 0.41 g l−1 magnesium sulfate. Concentrations were determined by a central composite design protocol and verified in shake-flask cultivation.
The optimized medium composition yielded a root biomass production of 14.2 g l−1 and azadirachtin accumulation of 5.2 mg g−1, which was equivalent to an overall azadirachtin production of 73.84 mg l−1, 68% more than that obtained under non-optimized conditions. 相似文献
14.
Kusampudi Shilpa Chinnasamy Selvakkumar Arun Kumar Senthil Baddireddi Subhadra Lakshmi 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,101(1):105-109
Young leaf explants of Ocimum sanctum L. incubated on solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg l−1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.2 mg l−1 kinetin (Kn) developed rhizogenic callus. When these were subcultured onto MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg l−1 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 0.5 mg l−1 NAA, friable rhizogenic callus was observed. Upon transfer of this friable callus onto liquid MS medium containing 4 mg l−1 NAA and 1.3 mg l−1 6-benzyladnine (BA) under continuous agitation at 90 rpm and 16 h photoperiod, roots with an optimum dry weight of 1,460 mg l−1 were obtained. An ethyl acetate extract of these roots exhibited 1, 1–diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging
activity. 相似文献
15.
Teodora Janković Branka Vinterhalter Dijana Krstić-Milošević Radomirka Nikolić Dragan Vinterhalter Slobodan Milosavljević 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(4):1515-1520
Shoot cultures of Gentianella bulgarica established from seedling epicotyls were maintained on MS medium supplemented with BA 0.2 mg l−1 + NAA 0.1 mg l−1. Cultures were prone to precocious flowering requiring the use of small shoot buds for multiplication purposes. The contents
of three xanthone compounds identified as DGL, BGL, and DMB, in different plant material were determined by HPLC. The analysis
revealed that the production of xanthones was affected by different concentrations of BA in medium. Shoot cultures grown at
higher BA concentrations contained more DGL than material grown in nature. The concentrations of other two xanthones were
lower in shoot cultures than in plants from nature. The radical scavenging activity of plant extracts and xanthones was investigated
by DPPH test. Samples from plants grown in nature showed the highest activity (IC50 = 0.26 mg ml−1), while the extracts of shoot cultures grown in media with higher concentrations of BA showed moderate activities (IC50 from 1.6 to 4.4 mg ml−1). 相似文献
16.
Nisar Ahmad Hina Fazal Bilal Haider Abbasi Muhammad Rashid Tariq Mahmood Nighat Fatima 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2010,102(1):129-134
The organogenic potential and antioxidant potential (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging activity) of the medicinal
plant Piper nigrum L. (black pepper) were investigated. Callus induction and shoot regeneration were induced from leaf explants of potted plants
cultured on MS medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators. The best callogenic response was observed on explants
cultured for 30 days on MS medium supplemented with either 0.5 or 1.5 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) + 1.0 mg l−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid. Subsequent transfer of the callogenic explants onto MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg l−1 BA + 1.0 mg l−1 gibberellic acid (GA3) achieved 85% shoot organogenesis after 30 days of culture. The maximum number (7.2) of shoots/explant was recorded for explants
cultured in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l−1 BA. Following the transfer of shoots to an elongation medium, the longest shoots (5.4 cm) were observed on MS medium supplemented
with 1.0 mg l−1 BA + 1.0 mg l−1 GA3. The elongated shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole butyric acid. An assay
of the antioxidant potential of the in vitro-grown tissues revealed that the antioxidant activity of the regenerated shoots
was significantly higher than that of callus and the regenerated plantlets. 相似文献
17.
Dioscorea fordii Prain et Burk., a member of the family Dioscoreaceae, is an important tuberous food in China owing to its edible and medicinal
functions. However, the lack of healthy planting material has restricted its production. The present study was an attempt
to develop a protocol for in vitro propagation of D. fordii. In an initial two by two (22) factorial experiment, the effects of culture system and activated charcoal have been observed for axillary shoot proliferation
and tuberization of in vitro plantlets. Shoot length, frequency of proliferation, fresh weight and dry weight of shoots, frequency
of tuberization and mean number of tubers per plantlet (NTPs) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater in liquid medium compared to semi-solid media. Secondly, an orthogonal experimental design [L9 (34)] was used to investigate the effects of the ratio of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) to 6-benzyladenine (BA) (NAA/BA), paclobutrazol,
methyl jasmonate and sucrose concentration on tuberization. Sucrose concentration had the record effect on frequency of tuberization,
NTPs and frequency of proliferation. The preferred medium for axillary shoot proliferation and tuberization of D. fordii found to be MS basal medium (Murashige and Skoog in Physiol Plant 15:473–479, 1962) supplemented with 1.0 mg l−1 BA, 0.1 mg l−1 NAA, 30 g l−1 sucrose and 1.5 g l−1 AC in liquid culture. 相似文献
18.
Withanolides are biologically active secondary metabolites present in roots and leaves of Withania somnifera. In the present study, we have induced adventitious roots from leaf explants of W. somnifera for the production of withanolide-A, which is having pharmacological activities. Adventitious roots were induced directly
from leaf segments of W. somnifera on half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) semisolid medium (0.8% agar) with 0.5 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 30 g l−1 sucrose. Adventitious roots cultured in flasks using half strength MS liquid medium with 0.5 mg l−1 IBA and 30 g l−1 showed higher accumulation of biomass (108.48 g l−1FW and 10.76 g l−1 DW) and withanolide-A content (8.8 ± 0.20 mg g−1 DW) within five weeks. Nearly 11-fold increment of fresh biomass was evident in suspension cultures and adventitious root
biomass produced in suspension cultures possessed 21-fold higher withanolide-A content when compared with the leaves of natural
plants. An inoculum size of 10 g l−1 FW favoured the biomass accumulation and withanolide-A production in the tested range of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 g l−1 FW. Among different media tested [Murashige and Skoog (MS), Gamborg’s (B5), Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) and Chu’s (N6)], MS medium
favoured both biomass accumulation and withanolide-A production. Half strength MS medium favoured the biomass accumulation
and withanolide-A production among the different strength MS medium tested (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0). The current
results showed great potentiality of adventitious roots cultures for the production of withanolide-A. 相似文献
19.
Embryogenic cultures were induced from leaflets from new vegetative flushes of mature ‘Brewster’ litchi trees on B5 medium
containing 400 mg l−1 glutamine, 200 mg l−1 casein hydrolysate, 30 g l−1 sucrose, 4.52 μM 2,4-D, 9.30 μM kinetin and 3 g l−1 gellan gum in darkness. Embryogenic cultures consisting of proembryonic cells and masses were maintained either on semi-solid
MS medium supplemented with 4.52 μM 2,4-D and 0.91 μM zeatin or as embryogenic suspension cultures in liquid medium of the
same composition. Maturation of somatic embryos occurred on semi-solid MS medium with 5–20% (v/v) filter-sterilized coconut
water in darkness. Recovery of plants from somatic embryos was improved with 14.4 μM GA3 on half-strength MS medium with 0.2 g l−1 activated charcoal under a 16 h photoperiod provided by cool white fluorescent lights (60–80 μmol s−1 m−2). Plants have been successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse. 相似文献
20.
Guang-Zhe Lin Xiao-Mei Zhao Soon-Kwan Hong Yu-Ji Lian 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,106(1):93-103
We have developed a system for the in vitro regeneration of pasqueflowers (Pulsatilla koreana Nakai). The system was based on somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis. Over a growth period of 6 weeks, multiple
shoots were initiated from leaf, petiole, and pedicel explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.5 mg l−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Zn), kinetin (Kin), or 6-benzyladenine (BA). We achieved 100% of adventitious shoot
induced when petiole and pedicel explants were cultured on MS, 0.5–2.0 mg l−1 Zn, and 0.5 mg l−1 IAA. Somatic embryos developed from the explants and generated shoots on MS medium containing 0.25 mg l−1 Zn and 0.5 mg l−1 IAA. Globular and heart-shaped stages of somatic embryos were observed. Histological studies have revealed the stages of
development of somatic embryos. For propagation and growth, the regenerated shoots from organogenic or embryogenic calluses
were transferred to MS medium containing either (1) 1.5 mg l−1 Zn and 0.05 mg l−1 IAA or (2) 1.0 mg l−1 BA and 0.05 mg l−1 IAA. After the length of the shoots reached 3 cm, the shoots initiated by organogenesis as well as those initiated by somatic
embryogenesis were transferred to the root induction medium. After 2 months of culture in half-strength MS with 1.5 mg l−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), the rooting ratio was 93%. Finally, the rooted plantlets were acclimatized in a mixture
of mountain soil and perlite. 相似文献